73 
M OTAC I L L A. 
of the body yellowifli white as far as the belly; from thence 
pale yellow. Inhabits St. Domingo. This bird lives 
both on feeds and fruits: keeps among the palm-trees, 
in which it makes its ned, and is thence named. It lays 
two or three eggs only. The fong confifts of few notes, 
neither varied nor linking, though not unpleafant, being 
foft and mellow. The negroes call it himhele. 
6 . Motacilla bananivora, the banana warbler: length 
three inches and three quarters: bill black, pointed, and 
bent; upper parts deep grey; almoft black; approaching 
to brown on the wing-coverts and tail; the lad tipped 
with white, and on the fil'd a white fpot; the fhoulders 
of the wings are yellow ; over the eyes a freak of white; 
and a black one from the bafe of the bill quite to the 
hind head; throat greyilh afli-colour; bread, belly, and 
rump, pale yellow; iides, thighs, and vent, yeilow and 
grey mixed; legs fate-colour. This inhabits St. Domingo, 
and makes its nef on the withs which entwine among 
the trees; and is often feen on the bananas, on which it 
is fuppofed to feed, as well as on oranges, papaws, and 
other fruits ; though it is faid to eat feeds and infedts 
likewife. Found often among the buihes in the unfilled 
grounds; flies by jerks, but quick, making a little note 
at the fame time. The fong is little varied, and not re¬ 
markable. It is known in its native place by the name 
of bananifie. 
7. Motacilla v.ermivora, the worm-eater : fize of a 
hedge fparrow ; bill duflcy; beneath flefti-coloured ; from 
the corner of the mouth, through the eye, a narrow black 
line; juf above the eye a yellowifli line; above that an 
arch of black; remainder of the head, throat, and bread, 
reddifh-yellow, gradually growing white towards the tail; 
the whole upper fide, wings, and tail, dark olive green ; 
inner coverts of the wings, and under the tail, afli-colour; 
legs flelh-colour. Inhabits Pennlylvania, where it is mi¬ 
gratory, coming in July, and going northward; but is 
not feen there in autumn on its return. 
8. Motacilla Madagafcarienlis, the Madagafcar warbler: 
fize of the nightingale; bill deep brown; head rufous; 
behind each eye a brown fpot; the upper parts of the 
body olive brown ; throat white ; bread pale rufous ; belly 
rufous brown, inclining to olive; tail above brown; be¬ 
neath, inclining to olive; legs deep brown. Native of 
Madagafcar, where they call it foudi-jala. 
9. Motacilla modularis, the hedge-fparrow: this well- 
known bird meafures five inches and a quarter: the bill 
is blackifii; irides hazel; the head deep brown, mixed 
with afli-colour; cheeks marked with oblong l'pots of 
dirty white; back and wing-coverts dulky, edged with 
reddifn brown; quills and tail dufky; rump greenifli 
brown; throat and bread dull afli-colour; belly dirty 
white; Aides, thighs, and vent, tawny brown ; legs dull 
fiefli-colour. In the female the colours are lefs vivid than 
in the male. This bird frequents the hedges in England, 
and is very common. Makes its ned of mofs and wool, 
lining it with hair: and lays four or five eggs, of a deli¬ 
cate pale blue. With us, and the more northern regions, 
it is feen at all feafons; but in France it is migratory, 
coming in October and departing northward in l'pring : 
however, a few day behind; for now and then a ned is found 
in France, though rarely. This is a winter-fongder: and 
its note would be thought pleafant, did it not remind us 
of the approach of winter, beginning with the fird frods, 
and continuing till fpring. Its often repeating the words 
iii, tit, tit, has occafioned its being called titling ; a name 
it is known by in many places. The cuckow very fre¬ 
quently drops her egg in the ned of this bird. 
10. Motacilla juncornm, the rufli-warbler: lefs than 
the hedge-fparrow; bill brown; general colour of the 
plumage the fame, but paled beneath ; the tail rather 
forked; legs brown. Inhabits Virginia and Carolina: 
feeds on inl’edls, and is much of the nature of the hedge- 
fparrow; is not numerous, but mod common near houles 
in Carolina and Virginia the whole year. 
11. Motacilla aquatic?., the aquatic warbler. Scopoli 
defcribes his bird as having the upper parts pale rufous; 
fpotted with brown; the throat and bread both inclined 
to rufous ; and the belly and rump whitifli; there is a 
whitifli fpot above the outer corner of the eye, and a 
band of white at the bafe of the wing; the tail-feathers 
pointed. It builds on the ground ; is often leen fitting 
on the tops of plants; migrates early in autumn; and is 
called by the Italians grijato. 
12. Motacilla fchccnobsenus, the reed-warbler: fize of 
the pettichaps : bill blackifli; the head, hind part of the 
neck, bread, back, rump, wing and tail coverts, brown 
and rufous; throat, fore part of the neck, belly, fides, 
thighs, and vent, inclined to rufous; quills and tail 
brown ; legs whitilh. This is found both in France and 
Italy, and is likewife an inhabitant of Sweden. Whether 
it migrates in the lad, we are not told; but it is known 
to winter in the fouth of France, changing its place, like 
the whinchat in England. It builds.its ned in the woods, 
which is chiefly compofed of mofs and wool; and lays 
four or five Iky-blue eggs. The young are readily brought 
up; and the bird is in general tame and familiar. Its 
fong is not unpleafant, befldes treating us with it during 
the winter-feafon. 
13. Motacilla campedris, the field-warbler: fize of the 
hedge-fparrow, but the bill flouter, and black; the head 
and neck are greenifli afti-colour; the upper parts of the 
body, wings, and tail, rufous brown; the under parts 
of the body are brownifli white; legs brown. Inhabits 
Jamaica. 
14. Motacilla macroura, the great-tailed warbler: length 
fix inches : bill brown ; upper parts of the body brown ; 
the under yellowifli white, dallied with blackilh on the 
bread and fides, and fome minute fpots on the throat 
and chin; from the nodrils a white line pafles above the 
eye ; the tail is wedge-fhaped, and occupies above one- 
half of the length of the bird: the legs are reddilh. Na¬ 
tive of the Cape of Good Hope. 
15. Motacilla longicauda, the long-tailed warbler: top 
of the head pale rufous; hind part of the neck, back, 
rump, wing-coverts, and tail, pale olive green ; quills 
olive brown : the tail is long and dender, compofed of 
very narrow feathers; the two middle ones as long as the 
body. This inhabits China, and is frequent among the 
trees with which the Chinefe adorn the courts about their 
lioufes, being very tame. It has an agreeable note. 
16. Motacilla citrinus, the long-tailed African warbler. 
This, like the preceding, is didinguilhed from the Eu¬ 
ropean warblers by a long tapering tail. It inhabits the 
country of the Namaquois from the Black-fpine river till 
under the tropic; but not on this fide; thus it is met 
with only in a certain fpace, along the wed coad. They 
live in fociety, feeding on worms, lpiders, and other kinds 
of infedls. At the end of the rainy feafon, thefe little 
docks leparate, and pair; and during.the feafon of love 
one male and one female only are found together. The 
nell is made of the down of plants ; it is of an oval fiiape, 
and is entirely clofed, except a little hole about two-thirds 
of its height, which ferves for an entrance; it is admira¬ 
bly conllrudled, and fecurely fadened in the middle of a 
dirub of moderate height. The eggs are five or fix in 
number, of a reddilh-white fpotted with brown. 
This fpecies is fomething lefs than our M. curruca, or 
babbler; but of a more lengthened form, the tail being 
as long as the whole body. In the male, the top of the 
head, the back part of the neck, the mantle, fcapularies, 
wings, and tail, are light brown, tinged with yellow or 
dun-colour; the throat and front of the neck are whitifli; 
and lower down, on each fide the bread, are two brown 
fpots, with fome fmaller ones, but too faint, and not fuf- 
ficiently regular, to deferve the name of a coilar; the red 
of the under plumage is faint yellow, inclining to white 
under the tail; the legs and feet are yellowilh, the bill 
brown, the eyes red. The female is rather 1.nailer than 
the male, and has no fpots on the bread; the dun-colour 
is redder, and yellow much fainter. 
17. Motacilla 
