136 M o tr 
a refemblance to a rural village. A fmall park on the 
river, where the Englilh fallow deer and the American 
wild deer are feen through the thickets, alternately with 
the veffels as they are failing along, give a romantic and 
piCturefque appearance to the whole fcenery. On the op- 
polite fide of a fmall creek to the northward, an extenfive 
plain, exhibiting corn-fields and cattle grazing, affords in 
fu turner a luxuriant landfcape; while the blended ver¬ 
dure of woodlands and cultivated declivities, on the 
Maryland fhore, variegates the profpeCt in a charming 
manner. Such arc the philofophic fliades to which the 
commander-in-chief of the American army retired in 
1783, at the dole of a victorious war; which he again 
left in 1789 to dignify with his unequalled talents the 
high eft office which his fellow-citizens could confer; and 
hither he again retreated in 1797, loaded with honours 
and the benedictions of his country. Here, in 1798, he 
again heard and obeyed the call of his endangered coun¬ 
try, to command her armies ; and here he died, on the 
14th of December, 1799. See Washington. 
MOUNT VER'NON, a town of Maffachufetts, in the 
province of Maine : feventeen miles north-weft of Hallo 
well. 
MOUNT WA'RNING, a mountain on the ealt coaft 
of New Holland. Lat. 28. 22. S. 
MOUNT WASHINGTON, a mountain in the upper 
part of the ifland of New York.—Alfo, one of the higheft 
peaks of the White Mountains, in New Hampfhire.— 
Alfo, the fouth-wefternmoft townfhip of Maffachufetts, in 
Berkfhire county, incorporated in 1779, and containing 
291 inhabitants: thirty miles weft-fouth-welt from Spring- 
field. 
MOU'NTABLE, adj. That may be afcended. 
MOU'NTAGU (Richard), a learned prelate of the 
church of England, and celebrated writer of ecclefiaftical 
antiquities, was born about the year 1578, at Dorney 
in Buckinghamfliire, of which place his father was minifter. 
He received a claffical education at Eton-fchool, where 
he was admitted king’s fcholar, and was eleCted, in 1594, 
to King’s-college, Cambridge. He took his degrees in 
arts at the ftatutable periods ; and, when arrived at the 
canonical age, was admitted into holy orders. The firft 
preferment which he obtained was the living of Wotton- 
Courtney in Somerfetfhire, in the diocefe of Wells; of 
which church he afterwards became a prebendary. About 
the year 1608, he was promoted to a fellowfhip of Eton- 
college, where he affifted fir Henry Saville in preparing 
for the prefs his celebrated edition of St. Chryfoftom’s 
Works. In 1610, he gave the firft fpecimen of his learn¬ 
ing to the public by editing, in Greek, Gregory Nazian- 
zen’s two InveCtives againft Julian, with the notes of 
Nonnius, in quarto. Three years afterwards, he was in¬ 
duced intp the reCtory of Stamford-Rivers in Effex, which 
was in the gift of Eton-college. In 1616 he was pre- 
fented to the deanery of Hereford; which he exchanged, 
in 1617, for the archdeaconry of the fame church. In 
the year 1621, he publiftied his “ Diatribae in primum 
partem Joannis Seldeni TraCtatus de Decimis,” quarto; 
with which work king James was io well pleafed, that he 
laid his commands on Mr. Selden not to continue the 
controverfy. Our author’s next performance made its 
appearance in 1622, under the title of “ AnaleCta Ecclefi- 
afticarum Exercitationum,” in folio; confiding of animad- 
verfions upon the Annals of Baronius, which difplay an 
extenfive acquaintance with the fathers, and cliurch- 
hiitory, and ably expofe many of the errors and legen¬ 
dary li&icns that are introduced into the performance of 
that ecclefiaftical hiftorian. 
In the year la ft mentioned, fome of the Romifli emif- 
faries having attempted to profelyte one of his parilhion- 
ers at Stamford-Rivers, he endeavoured to procure a con¬ 
ference with them; but, failing in that defign, he lent 
three propofitiens in writing, by way of challenge, to 
their place of meeting, offering to become a convert to 
them himfelf, Ihould they prove victorious in a debate on 
M O U 
the points in queftion. To this challenge he received no 
other reply than a popifh traCt, which was fent to him 
after an interval of about eighteen months, intitled, 
“ A Gag for the new Gofpel.” To this piece he wrote 
an anfwer, which was publiftied in 1624, under the title 
of, “ A new' Gag for an old Goofe, &c.” No fooner did 
this anfwer appear, than it gave high offence to many 
zealous members of the church of England, as well as 
to the calviniftical puritans: and two puritan minifters 
at Ipfw'ich drew up articles, charging him with popery 
and arminianifm, founded on paflages feleCted from it, 
with the intention of laying them before the next par¬ 
liament. Mountagu, having procured a copy of the 
articles, and being informed of their defign, applied to 
the king for protection ; who gave him leave to appeal to 
himlelf, and to print his defence, provided that he ob¬ 
tained the fanCtion of Dr. White, dean of Carlifie, to his 
doCtrine, as agreeable to that of the church of England. 
Having received the approbation of the dean, he com¬ 
mitted his defence to the prefs, under the title of “ Appello 
((cj'arem, or, a juft Appeal from two unjuft Informers,”&c. 
which was publiftied in 1625, in quarto, addreffed to king 
Charles I. James dying before the impreflion was finiftied. 
This Appeal, confidered in refpeCt either to fentiment or 
language, ferved only to increafe the number of the 
author’s adverfaries ; and it provoked anfwers from 
feveral eminent divines and others, among whom were 
Drs Sutcliffe, Good, and Featly, Mr. Wotton, Mr. Wil¬ 
liam Prynne, and Dr. George Carleton, biftiop of Chichef- 
ter. When the parliament met in 1^25, it was likewife 
complained againft in the houfe of commons, as calculated 
to promote Arminianifm, to bring about a reconciliation 
with Rome, and to advance the king’s prerogative above 
law. Upon this the houfe ordered him to their bar, 
where the fpeaker informed him, that the cenfure of his 
book Ihould be poftponed for fome time, but that in the 
interim he Ihould be committed to the cuftody of th* 
ferjeant at arms; and he was afterwards obliged to give a 
bond of two thoufand pounds for his appearance at th* 
next feftion. 
In proportion, however, as Mr. Mountagu became ob¬ 
noxious to the popular branch of the government, he 
feems to have increafed in favour at court; and in the 
year 1628 he was promoted to the bilhopric of Chichefter, 
while lying under the cenfure of the houfe of commons. 
At his confecration an unufual feene occurred. One 
William Jones, a ftationer of London, having furnifhed 
himfelf with objections, founded on the opinions reported 
to the houfe of commons, and drawn up by an advocate 
of the arches, when the ufual proclamation was made, 
“ that any perfon who could or would objeCt againft the 
biftiop eleCl, Ihould then lpeak according to due form of 
law,” this man itood up, and with an audible voice three 
times excepted againft his qualifications for a bilhopric, 
delivering a copy of his objections to the judge of the 
court of arches. Thefe objections, however, were over¬ 
ruled, becaufe they were not figned by a doCtor of the 
arches, and delivered in by a proCtor, notwithrtanding 
the declaration of Jones, that he could not prevail upon 
any proCtor to prefer them, though he offered the cuf- 
tomary fees. This oppofition of Jones fuggefted to our 
new prelate the wifdom of being prepared to ward off 
any future attack on account of his pall aCtions or writ¬ 
ings ; and he therefore applied again to the king, who 
granted him a fpecial pardon, in form like thole given at 
a coronation, only with the difference of its containing 
the infertion of fome particulars for the pardoning of 
ail errors before committed, either in fpeaking, writing, 
or publilhing, concerning which he might afterwards be 
queftion ed. 
Biftiop Mountagu now applied himfelf clofely to his 
favourite ftudy of church-antiquities. In the year 1636, 
he publiftied his “ Originum Ecclefiafticarum, Tomtis 
Primus,” folio. In 1638, upon the promotion of Dr. 
Wren, biftiop of Norwich, to the fee of Ely, our author 
was 
