152 M O Z 
Mr. 'Salt, in his late travels in Africa, vifited Mozam¬ 
bique in the year 1809. On the 25th of Auguft he arrived 
at the harbour. His reception by the Portuguefe com¬ 
mandant of that fettlement was fuch as we might reafon- 
ably tuppofe would be given to an envoy of the Britifh 
king, supported by the recommendation of lord Caledon, 
the governor of the Cape; and he was not deficient in 
availing himfelf of thefe favourable circumftances, during 
the three weeks which he palled on the illand and on the 
adjacent continent, to collect much curious and valuable 
information refpebling this portion ot the African coalf, 
of the abtual fituation of which we have hitherto known 
fo little. 
The town of Mozambique occupies the central part of the 
illand. On the day fubfequent to that of his landing in 
the illand, Mr. S. obtained an order from the hofpitabie 
and intelligent governor, Don Antonio Manoel de Mello 
Caltro e Mendoga, to vifit the fort; and the appearance 
of that bulwarkof the Portuguefe empire in eaftern Africa, 
as he has defcribed it, was not calculated to infpire him 
with much awe or relpeft. “ The commandant received 
us at the gateway, and went round the works with us. 
They contained about eighty pieces of cannon mounted, 
and plenty of balls piled near them, which feemed to have 
relied long undifturbed, if a judgment might be formed 
b.y the nifty coat of antiquity which adhered to them. 
Some of the cannon were marked 1660, Alonzo II. others 
were of Dutch extraftion ; and there was a very large 
howitzer made to call Hones of loolbs. weight, which 
might probably boalt a Turkilh origin. The fituation of 
the fort is judicioully chofen ; and, if the cannon were 
well fcrved, would moll effectually command the entrance 
into the harbour, as upwards of thirty of its guns would 
bear on any Ihip attempting to force the palfage. There 
did not, at this time, appear much note of preparation : 
a fewfentries, fome confined felons, and twq or three old 
women with cakes to fell, feemed to conftitute the w'hole 
of the garrifon.” 
To thofe who might conceive any hopes of eflential 
difcoveries being eft’efted in the interior of Africa by ex¬ 
peditions up the country from thefe parts, the converfa- 
tion of the governor with Mr. Salt, as here reported, 
holds out but little encouragement. It has been long, 
it feems, the anxious defire of the Portuguefe government 
to form a communication between their eaftern and weff- 
ern fettlements; but Don Antonio added that all their 
efforts to accomplilh it had failed ; and he reported two 
inllances of fuch failures as having occurred within thefe 
few years, though neither of them appears to be very 
conclufive. Farther information, indeed, feems requifite 
to bring us to any fatisfadlory refult on this interefting 
fubjeCt. 
On the peninfula, called the Great Caboceiro, are the 
town and fort of Mefuril. Mr. Salt, on his vifit to this 
place, fell in with a party of negro-traders, of a nation 
called Monjou, who had come down with a cafila of Haves, 
(chiefly female,) together with gold and elephants' teeth, 
for fale. The country inhabited by this people was de¬ 
fcribed by the Portuguefe as “ being nearly half way 
acrofs the continentthough Mr. Salt adds that, from 
inquiries fubfequently made, he had real'011 to fufpeCl a 
miftake in this reckoning. The length of time at which 
they l'everally ftated their abfence from home did not, on 
an average, exceed twq months; which, reckoning their 
progrels at fifteen miles in a day, gives only 900 miles, 
and this he therefore confiders as the utmoft limit of the 
fpace which they had traverled. They moreover informed 
him, “ that they wCre acquainted with other traders, 
called Eveezi and Maravi, who had travelled far enough 
inland to fee large waters, white people, (this mull be taken 
comparatively,) and liorles.” He defcribes them as “ ne¬ 
groes of the uglieft defcription, having high cheek-bones, 
thick lips, fmall knots of woolly hair like pepper-corns 
on their heads, and Ikins of a deep (hining black;” and, 
from fome circumftances which he mentions relative to 
their national cuftoms, he eitecms it probable that there 
M O Z 
may have been a remote connexion between them and a 
tribe of Nuba feen by Mr. Bruce in the neighbourhood of 
Sennaar. The Haves whom they brought were, as Mr. 
Salt fays, permitted to difplay their activity by dancing; 
and the mention of this circumftance draws from him 
fome remarks which are too creditable to his feelings, 
and involve conflderations at the prefent epoch too deeply 
interefting to humanity, to be palled over in filence: 
“ I fubfequently faw feveral dances of the fame kind in 
the flave-yards on the illand of Mozambique; but on thefe 
occafions it appeared to me that the Haves were compelled 
to dance. I fnall never forget the expreflion of one 
woman's countenance, who had lately, I underftood, 
been brought from the interior. She was young, and ap¬ 
peared to have been a mother; and, when conltrained to 
move in the circle, the folemn gloom that prevaded her 
features fpoke more forcibly than any language the mifery 
of her forlorn condition. If there be Hill a fceptic who 
liefitates to approve of the abolition of the flave-trade, 
let him vifit one of thefe African flave-yards a Ihort time 
before a cargo of thefe wretched beings is exported; and, 
if he have a fpark of humanity left, it will furely Itrike 
convi&ion to his mind. On this day, feven Portuguefe 
veflels left the harbour of Mozambique for Goa, having 
on-board, befides a large quantity of gold and ivory, 
about five hundred Haves, who were bought at this place 
at the price of ten, fifteen, and twenty, dollars a-head; 
that is, women and children at about the rate of three 
and four pounds a piece, and able-bodied men at the 
price of five pounds ! I feel happy in thinking that fo 
nefarious a traffic has in this quarter already received a 
check from Britifh interference fince the taking of the 
Ifies of France, (vide kill Report of the African Inllitu- 
tion ;) and I trull it will ultimately be put an entire Hop 
to. At all events, immediate Heps ought to be taken to 
prevent Haves from being imported into thofe parts of 
India over which any influence is poflefled by the Britilh 
government. Five ffiips loaded with Haves went this year 
to the Brafils, each veil'd carrying from three to four 
hundred: it is confidered a lucky voyage if not more than 
lixty die in each Ihip.” For farther information relative 
to the African tribes in the neighbourhood of Mozam¬ 
bique, fee Makooa, vol. xiv. p. 174, 5. Salt's Voyage te 
Aby[)inia, 4to. 1814. 
MOZAMBPQUE (Straits of), that part of the Indian 
Ocean which divides the illand of Madagafcar from the 
continent of Africa. 
MOZA'RT (Leopold), vicechapel-mafter to the prince- 
archbilhop of Salzburg, and director of his band, was 
born at Auglburgin 1719, and acquired this appointment 
in 1743. He was intended for the law; but his paffion 
for the ftudy of mufic was predominant, and he became 
early in life an ufeful mulician, as author, in 1757, of a 
treadle on the art of playing the violin, and a compofer ; 
but, what did him moll honour, and will endear his name 
to future times, is the being father of fuch an incompara¬ 
ble fon as thefubje&of the next article, and educating him 
with l'uch care. In 1764 he let out on a trading voyage 
with his children, a l'on and a daughter ; vifited France, 
England, and Italy. During his travels with his children 
to the principal capitals in Europe, he ufed to accompany 
them on the violin, the daughter when fhe lang, and the 
fon when he played on the clavichord or harpfichord. 
The daughter was the eldeft; and, when file fang, fiie 
was not only accompanied on the violin by her father, 
but by her brother on the harpfichord, which he w r as 
able to do in a malterly manner at feven or eight years 
old. When this excellent father returned to Salzburg, 
after travelling with his children, he was appointed prin¬ 
cipal concert-mailer to the archbilhop, and became a 
voluminous compofer; a lift of his works is given in 
Gerber. This worthy profefi'or died at Salzburg in 1778. 
MOZA'RT (John Chryfoftom Wolfgang Gotlieb), fon 
of the preceding, was born at Salzburg in January 1756. 
As this fon and a daughter were the only furvivors of 
feven children, their father gave up teaching, as well as 
compofition, 
