754 N E V 
partffie'nt of the Allier: nine miles fouth-fouth-weft of 
Moulin s. 
NEU'ILLY en THAL', a town of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Oife, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftriCt of Senlis. The place contains 915, and the can¬ 
ton 9614, inhabitants. 
NEV'lN,NEw'iN,orNEF'YKi,afmallborough and market 
town in thecounty ofCaernarvon, North Wales, is fituated 
on the coaft of the Irifh Sea, and has a fmall pier, which is 
found very ufeful for the herring-fithery and coalting- 
vefiels. It was conftituted a free borough by Edward the 
Black Prince ; and is at prefent one of the contributory 
boroughs with Caernarvon, in returning one member to 
the Britith fenate. Here Edward I. in 1284, celebrated 
his triumph over the liberties of Wales, which had fo long 
defied the utmoft exertions of his predeceffors. At this 
time, and perhaps to conciliate the affe&ions of his new 
fubjefls, in imitation of our hero Arthur, he held a round 
table, and celebrated it with a dance and tournaments. 
The concourfe was prodigious; for not only the chief no¬ 
bility of England, but numbers from foreign parts, graced 
the feftival with their prefence. The market-day is Satur¬ 
day, and there are four fairs during the year. According 
to the population returns of 1811, it contains 280 houfes 
and 1777 inhabitants. It is fix miles well: of Pulhely, and 
249 north-well: of London. Lat. 52. 53. N. Ion. 4. 27. W. 
About a mile from Nevin, on the ihore, is Porth-yn- 
Llyn, molt probably a port of the Romans, as veftiges of 
a ftrong entrenchment, apparently the work of that peo¬ 
ple, are ftill vifible in the vicinity. In the parilh ofLlan- 
jeftin, feveral miles to the fouth, many Roman urns have 
been dug up at different times ; and oppofite to the ex¬ 
tremity of the peninlula of Caernarvon is the fmall ifland 
of Bardley, once noted for its abbey, and fuppofed to 
have been one of the feats of the Colidei, or Culdees, the 
firft order of religious reclufes in Britain. Beauties of Eng¬ 
land and Wales, vol. xvii. 
NE'VIS, one of the Leeward Charibbatan illands in the 
Weft Indies, is a beautiful little fpot, confiding of a An¬ 
gle mountain, riling like a cone in an eafy afcent from the 
fea: the circumference of its bafe not exceeding eight 
Englifh leagues. It is fuppofed to have derived its name 
from Columbus, its difcoverer, who called it Nieves, or 
“ The Snows,” from its refemblance to a mountain of 
the fame name in Spain : or, perhaps, a white fmoke was 
feen to iflue from the fummit, which appeared like fnow, 
and that it derived its name from that circumftance. 
That it owed its origin to fome volcanic explofion, we 
can have no reafon to queftion ; for near the fummit there 
is ftill vifible a hollow, or crater, which contains a hot 
fpring, ftrongly impregnated with fulphur; and fulphur 
is frequently found in lubftance, in neighbouring gulleys 
and cavities of the earth. It is well watered, and the 
land is generally fertile ; and even the fummit furnilhes 
yams and other efculent vegetables. The foil is ftony; 
the beft is a loofe black mould, on a clay ; and in fome 
places the upper ftratum is a ftiff clay, the cultivation of 
which requires labour that is amply compenfated by the 
produce. Sugar is its only ftaple production ; and in ge¬ 
neral, it yields one hogfhead of 16 cwt. per acre from all 
the canes that are annually cut; and, the productive land 
being about 4000 acres, the produce of fugar may amount 
to as many hogllieads in the whole ; which quantity, when 
the ifland belonged to the French, was fixed on for the 
regulation of the taxes. The Englifh firft fettled here in 
the year 1628, by a colony from St. Chriftopher’s ; and, 
by the wife management of the firft governors, the ifland 
fiouriflied wonderfully, fo that in the year 1640 there were 
4000 whites. In the year 1706, it was taken by the 
French, but reftored by the peace of Utrecht. In the 
year 1782, it was again taken by the French, but reftored 
by the peace in the year 1783. Nevis is divided into five 
parifhes ; and contains one town, Charles-town, the feat 
of government and port of entry; befides which, there 
are two other fliipping-places, called Indian-caftle, and 
New-caftle. The principal fortification is at Charles- 
N E U 
town, and is called Charles-fort. The commandant is 
appointed by the crown, but receives a falary from the 
ifland. In the abfence of the governor-general, the go¬ 
vernment is adminiftered by the prefident of the council, 
which council confifts of fix members befides the prefident. 
The houfe of affembly is compofed of fifteen reprefenta- 
tives, three for each parilh. The adminiftration of com¬ 
mon law is under the direction of a chief juftice and two 
aififtant judges, and there is an office for the regiftry of 
deeds. The number of white inhabitants is ftated by Mr. 
Edwards not to exceed 600, while the negroes amount to 
about 10,000. The former compofe a militia, in which 
there is a troop confifting of 50 horfe, weli mounted and 
accoutred. Lat. 17. 14. N. ion. 62. 35. W. 
NEU'KALDEN, or Neukahlen, a town of the duchy 
of Mecklenburg, on a lake twenty-eight miles fouth- 
fouth-eaft of Roftock, and twenty-one eaft of Guftro. 
Lat. 53. 49. N. Ion. 12. 46. E. 
NEU'KIRCH, a town of Pruflia, in the province of 
Ermeland : eleven miles north-eaft of Elbing. 
NEU'KIRCH, a town of Silefia, in the principality of 
Oppau : ten miles eaft of Jagerndcrf, and ten north of 
Troppau. Lat. 50. N. Ion. 17. 15.E. 
NEU'KIRCHEN, a town of Swiflerland, and capital 
of a bailiwic, in the canton of Schaffhaufen ; purchafed, 
in 1520, of the bifhop of Conftance : five miles weft of 
Schaffhaufen. 
NEU'KIRCHEN, a town of Bavaria : thirteen miles 
fouth-fouth-eaft of Nabburg, and twenty-two north- 
north eaft of Ratifbon. 
NEU'KIRCHEN, a town of Auftria: fix miles fouth- 
fouth-eaft of Engelhartzel. 
NEU'KIRCHEN, a town of the principality of Hefle: 
twenty-two miles north north-eaft of Marburg, and 
twenty-eight fouth of Caffel. Lat. 50.40. N. Ion. ay. i.E. 
NEU'KIRCHEN, a town of Bavaria: five miles fouth- 
fouth-eaft of Flirt, and ten eaft of Cham. 
NEU'KIRCHEN, a town of Saxony, in the circle of 
Erzgebirg: five miles fouth of Chemnitz. 
NEU'KIRCHEN, or Mark Neukirchen, a town of 
Saxony, in the Vogtland : ten miles fouth-eaft of Oelnitz. 
NEU'KRUG, a town of Pruflia, in the palatinate of 
Culm : ten miles eaft of Culm. 
NEU'LA, a town of Germany, in the principality of 
Culmbach, on the Selbitz: three miles fouth-fouth-eaft 
of Lichtenberg. 
NE UL TRA. See Sir Thomas Roe’s Welcome. 
NEU'MAGEN, a town of France, in the department 
of the Sarre, on the fide of the Mofelle : eleven miles eaft- 
north-eaft of Treves, and forty-two fouth-weftof Coblentz. 
Lat.49. 54. N. Ion. 6. 58. E. 
NEU'MANN (John-George), a learned German Lu¬ 
theran divine and profeffor, was born in 1661 at Mertz, a 
village of the country of Merfebourg, in the circle of 
Saxony, of which his father was minifter. He commenced 
his academical lludies atZittau; whence he removed in 
1680 to the univerfity of Wittemberg, where he was ad¬ 
mitted an adjunct in the faculty of philofophy in the fol¬ 
lowing year. Aftewards hefpent fome time at Strafburg, 
and vifited feverai of the moft celebrated of the German 
univerlities. Having returned to Wittemberg, he was 
appointed profeflor of poetry in 1690, and librarian to the 
univerfity in 1692. At a fubfequent period he was called 
to the theological chair, made affefibr to the confiftory, 
and provoft of the caftle-chapel. He died in 1709, when 
in his forty-ninth year. He was the author of many 
learned, and fome curious, Dilfertations, and other trea- 
tifes on moral, religious, and controverfial, fubjeCts, of 
which a lift, confifting of forty-fix articles in the Latin 
language, befides his pieces in German, is given in the 
third volume of the Supplement to the Hiftorical Dictio¬ 
nary publithed at Bafil. Moreri. 
NEU'MANN (Gatpar), an eminent chemift, was born 
at ZullichaU, in the duchy of Croflen, where his father 
praCtifed as an apothecary, in July 1682. Gafpar was 
educated for the fame profeflion, and commenced .the 
practice 
