N E U 
prafHce of it at Unrulhftadt, in Poland; but, after a Ihort 
residence there, he went to Berlin in 1705, and was em¬ 
ployed feveral years in the capacity of traveller for the 
phannaceutic eftablifhment of the king o£ Prudia. In 
confequence of the ability which he manifefted in the 
performance of this duty, the king fent him to profecute 
his Andies at the univerfity of Halle, and fubfequently 
defrayed the expenfes of a journey, for the purpofe of ac¬ 
quiring chemical information. He commenced this che¬ 
mical tour in 1711, by vifiting the mines of Germany; 
and thence he went to Holland, where he profited by the 
inftruftions of the celebrated Boerhaave. He then vifited 
England, and during his fojourn here, had the misfortune 
to lofe his royal patron, Frederic I. by death. His talents 
and character, however, foon afforded him relief from 
this temporary embarraflfnent; for, on his return to the 
continent, he was detained at Franeker by Cyprianus, 
who employed him in the execution of many chemical 
experiments ; and he was at the fame time invited to 
Berlin. At that time, however, he preferred accompany¬ 
ing George I. king of England, to Hanover, whither he 
wentin 1716. But he fubfequently vifited Berlin, for the 
purpofe of fettling fome private affairs, where he obtained 
the friendfhip of Stahl, through whofe influence at court 
he was again fent on a tour of chemical inveftigation, 
through England, France, and Italy, where he was-intro- 
duced to all the celebrated chemifts of the day. On his 
return to Berlin, he was appointed apothecary to the 
court; and in 1723, when the king inftituted the Royal 
College of Medicine and Surgery, he was nominated pro- 
fefl'or of pradical chemiftry to that body, and was elected 
a member of it in the following year. In 1725, he was 
chofen a fellow of the Royal Society of London; and in 
1727, was honoured with the degree of M. D. by the uni¬ 
verfity of Halle. In the courfe of the fame year, he tra¬ 
velled through Silefiaand Moravia to Vienna; and on his 
return to Bohemia, he vifited the baths ofTbplitz; and 
examined the mines, in parting by the way of Drefden and 
Freyberg>.with all the attention of a chemical philofopher. 
Neumann likewife obtained other honours, which were 
due to his fcientific character; havingbeen elected a mem¬ 
ber of the academy Naturae Curioforum in 1728, and of 
the Inftitute of Bologna in 1734.. The king alfo conferred 
on him the dignity of aulic counfellor. He died at Berlin 
in Odober 1737. 
The works publiflied by Dr. Neumann in his lifetime 
confift chiefly of diflertations in the Latin language in- 
l'erted in the Philofophical Tranfadions of London, the 
Ephemerides Acad. Naturae Curioforum, and the Mifcel- 
lanea Berolinenfia; and of others in the German lan¬ 
guage publiflied feparately. After his death, two diffe¬ 
rent copies of his Chemical Lediires were given to the 
public; one, in two editions, at Berlin and Drefden, from 
notes taken by one of his pupils, intermixed with com¬ 
pilations from different authors ; the other, by the book- 
fellers of the Orphan Hofpital of Zullichau, from papers 
in Neumann’s own hand-writing : of this there have been 
two impreflions, the firlt in a large form, the l'econd in an 
abridgment, which laft, however, confifts of two volumes, 
quarto. From this Dr. Lewis has made an excellent 
Englifh tranflation in tw r o volumes, odavo, ftill farther 
abridged, but better methodized, and enriched with 
notes. “ Neumann’s Ledures (fays Dr. Lewis) are a va¬ 
luable magazine of chemical knowledge. The author, 
biafled by no theory, and attached to no opinions, has 
enquired by experiment into the properties and ul'es of 
the molt conliderable natural and artificial productions, 
and the preparation of the principal commodities which 
depend on chemiitry ; and feems to have candidly, and 
wdthout referve, communicated all he difcovered.” Such 
a work mult retain its value, notwithftanding the great 
modern changes in chemical theory. Life of Neumann pre¬ 
fixed to the Zullichau edit, of his Lehlures. Preface to 
Lewis's Tran flat. Gen. Biog. 
NEU'MARCK. See Wasarhely, 
N E U 755 
NEU'MARCK, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of 
Pilfen: fix miles fouth of Teufing.—Another town in 
the circle of Pilfen : lix miles fouth of Taus. 
NEU'MARCK, a town of the principality of Culm- 
bach : ten miles north of Bayreuth. • 
NEU'MARK, a town of Saxony, in the circle of Erz- 
gebirg : fix miles fouth-welt of Zwickau. 
NEU'MARK, a town of the duchy of Stiria : twenty- 
fix miles fouth-w’eft of Judenburg, and fifty-fix weft of 
Gratz. 
NEU'MARK, a towm of the duchy of Carniola: ten 
miles north of Crainburg. 
NEU'MARK, a town of Hinder Pomerania : ten miles 
fouth-weft of Stargard. 
NEU'MARK, a town of the archbilhopric of Salzburg: 
twelve miles north-north-eaft of Salzburg, and eleven eaft 
of LaufFen. 
NEU'MARK, a town of the Tyrolefe: twenty-one 
miles north of Trent. 
NEU'MARK, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of 
Pilfen: thirty-five miles fouth-weft of Pilfen. Lat.49.20-E. 
Ion. 12. 52. E. 
NEU'MARK, a town of Saxony, in the Vogtland : 
eleven miles north-north-eaft of Plauen. 
NEU'MARK, a town of the principality of Weimar: 
five miles north-weft of Weimar. 
NEU'MARK, a town of Bavaria: twenty-two miles 
fouth-weft of Amberg, and thirty-one north-weft of Ra- 
tifbon. 
NEU'MARK, or Novemias'tro, a towm of Pruflia, 
in the territory of Culm : forty-four miles eaft of Culm. 
NEU'MARKT, a town of Silefia, in the principality 
of Breflau : nineteen miles weft of Breflau. Lat. 51. 7. N. 
Ion. 16. 38. E. 
NEU'MARKT, a town of Magdeburg, clofe to Halle. 
NEU'MARKT, a town of Silefia, in the principality 
of Breflau : nineteen miles weft of Breflau, and twenty- 
two north Schweidnitz. 
NEU'MARKT, a town of Bavaria, on the Roth: forty- 
one miles eaft-north-eaft of Munich, and twenty-two eaft 
of Aerding. 
_ NEU'MUNSTER, a town of the duchy of Holftein : 
eighteen miles fouth-weft of Kiel, and twenty-eight north 
of Hamburg.. 
NEU'ENDORF, a town of Saxony, in the Vogtland: 
one mile fouth-weft of Plauen. 
NE'UNG-SUR-BAR'RON, a town of France, in the 
department of the Loire and Cher, and chief place of a 
canton, in the diltrid of Romorantin. The place contains 
1130, and the canton 4544, inhabitants. 
NEU'NKIRCHEN, a town of Germany, in the princi¬ 
pality of Culmbach : four miles fouth-eaft of Bayreuth. 
NEU'NKIRCHEN, a town of Bavaria, in the biihopric 
of Bamberg: eight miles fouth of Forcheim, and twelve 
north of Nuremberg. 
NEVON'SKA, a town of Rufiia, in the government of 
Irkutlk : ninety-two miles north-north-weft of Ilimlk. 
NEVOS'ITY, f. [from the Lat. ncevus , a fpot on the 
Ikin ; hut not ufed. ] The ftate of being freckled. Bailey. 
NEU'PEURN, a town of Bavaria : thirty-eight miles 
weft of Salzburg, and nineteen fouth of Waflerburg. 
NEURACH'NE, f. [from the Gr. vevpov, a nerve, and 
u X n > a gl ume or hulk, alluding to the nerves or ribs, of 
the calyx-valves.] In botany, a genus of the clafs digy- 
iiia, order triandria, natural order gramina.— Ejfeutial 
Charafler. Calyx of tw'o ribbed acute hifpid coriaceous 
valves, hardened when in feed; the outer one rather the 
fmalleft. Flowers difllmilar; the outer one neuter, of 
two valves, of which the outermoft nearly refembles the 
calyx; inner hermaphrodite, of two membranous pellu¬ 
cid valves. Scales two beneath the germen. Stigmas 
feathery. Seed unconneded, falling out of the mem¬ 
branous corolla. 
Neurachne alopecuroidea, a Angle fpecies. Gathered 
by Mr. Brown on the fouth coalt of New Holland. A 
1 perennial 
