804 
Latitude, to find by the altitude of the fun 
or moon, 633, 4. 
Log-line, 615 ; method of ufing, 619, 20, 
Logarithms, difcovery of, very ufeful in 
navigation, 616. 
Longitude, hard to be found at fea, 618; 
various methods of finding, 629-32. 
Lunar obfervations, 618, 629. 
Mackay’s works on longitude and naviga¬ 
tion, 618. 
Mariner’s compafs, invention of, 614; 
ufe of, 619 ; variation of, 615, 617, 
620. 
Marines, pay of, 643; half-pay, and pen- 
fions, 644. 
Malkelyne (Dr.), promoter of the lunar 
obfervations, 618. 
Meafuring a /hip’s run, 622. 
Medina (Pedro de), 614; one of the firft 
writers on navigation, 615. 
Mercator (Gerard), his method to avoid the 
errors of the plane chart, 615 ; explained 
by Edward Wright, an EngUfnman, 616, 
625, 6 ; examples for the practice of what 
is called Mercator’s Sailing, 626. 
Middle-latitude failing, 616, 624. 
Miles in a degree of longitude in every 
degree of latitude, 624. 
Navigation, vaft importance of, 613; par¬ 
NAVIGATION. 
ticularly to a commercial nation, 618; 
invention and early praftice of, 613 ; in¬ 
vention of the compafs, 614 ; ftate of, in 
the fixteenth century, 615 ; recent im¬ 
provements, 616-18 ; theory of, 618- 
634 ; laws for the regulation of, including 
what is called the na-vigation-ac?, 635-7. 
Navy of England, its importance to the 
ftate, 641 ; regulations as to the rating 
of, 641-644; for the pay of, 642 ; for the 
government of, 644, 5 ; minor regula¬ 
tions, 641. 
Necho king of Egypt, 613. 
Nonius, or Nunez, gives his name to a 
method of dividing the quadrant, 615. 
Norman (Robert), aifcovers the dipping- 
needle, and makes other improvements 
in the art, 615. 
Norwood (Richard), his meafurement of 
the earth, and his works oil navigation, 
617, 619. 
Oblique failing, 627. 
Oughtred, his improvement of Gunter’s 
fcale, 617. 
Parallel failing, 624. 
Pay of officers and feamen, 642; of marines, 
643 : half-pay, and widows’ penfions, 644, 
Phcenicians (uppofed to be the firft navi¬ 
gators, 613. 
Plane chart, inaccuracies of, 614; defended 
by Medina, oppofed by Cortes and Nunez, 
or Nonius, 615. 
Plane failing, 622. 
Rhumbs, or points of the horizon, 619. 
Sailing, various modes of, 622-7. 
Ships, rating of, 641, 644; regulations for 
holding during pence, 644, 
Ship’s run, to meafure, 622. 
Stevin of Leyden, purfues the hints of 
Martin Cortes, 615; his laft treatife, 616. 
Tides, nature of, 621. 
Time, three modes of reckoning, 618 ; mean 
and apparent, ibid, to find the apparent 
time, 618, 19. 
Time-keepers, 618, 19; to find the longi¬ 
tude by, 632. 
Traverfe failing, 623. 
Venetians and Genoefe the reftorers of na¬ 
vigation, 614. 
Windward failing, 627. 
Wright (Edward), his tranflation of Stevin’s 
treatife, in which the log is firft men¬ 
tioned, 615; firft explained the true prin¬ 
ciples of Mercator’s chart, and fuggefted 
many other improvements in the art of 
navigation, 616, 617, 625. 
Zamorano, a Spanilh writer on navigation, 
Mis¬ 
directions for placing the COPPER-PLATES to VOL. XVI. 
8 . 
9- 
10. 
1 x. 
12. 
i 3 - 
14. 
IS- 
1 6. 
17- 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23- 
24. 
25 - 
26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
Si- 
32 - 
33- 
Frontifpiece—Music - to face the Title. 
Moschus, the Mulk Animal - page 55 
Motacilla, Plate I. The African Nightingale 77 
—, Plate II. Black-breafted and ^ ^ 
83 
90 
98 
Grey Pettichaps 
---, Plate III. African Warbler and Nelt 
-.-, Plate IV. African Stonechat, &c. 
Plate V. Chattering and Ifabella\ 
Warblers 
—, Plate VI. The Pinc-Pinc, and Nelt 
103 
108 
138 
iS3 
167 
183 
184 
189 
202 
229 
235 
248 
Motion, and Mucor _ 
Mountains, comparative Heights of 
Mozart, Portrait of 
Mugil. Four Species of Mullet - 
Mullera monilifera, Beaded Mullera 
Mullus, the Surmullet; feveral fpecies 
Mumming, various kinds of - 
Mur/ena ; curious fpecies of Eel 
Murray, Lord Mansfield - 
Mus, the Moufe, Rat, &c. 
Musa, the Plantain-tree 5 and Musca, Flies 
Muscicapa, Plate I. Purple-throated Fly-catcher 263 
-, Plate II. Crefted Fly-catcherandNeft 264 
-, Plate III. Mantled Fly-catcher 265 
-.—.—, Plate IV. Soft-tailed Fly-catcher, See. 269 
Mushrooms, various kinds, poilonous - 280 
Music, Plate I. Mufical Notation _ - 316 
.-, Plate II. Graces and Fingering - 319 
--, Plate III. Modes, ancient and modern 323 
.-., Plate IV. Inverfions of the Scale 329 
—■-, Plate V. Chords of the 7th, 5th, Sec. 331 
-, Plate VI. Chords 9th and nth - 333 
—-, Plate VII. Progreftion, Sufpenlion, &c. 334 
-, Platg VIII. Each’s.Scales: Modulation 335 
-, Plate IX. Counterpoint - - 336 
34- 
35 - 
36. 
37 - 
38 . 
39- 
40. 
41. 
42. 
43- 
44. 
45- 
46. 
47- 
48. 
49. 
5°- 
51- 
52 - 
5 3 - 
54- 
55- 
56. 
57- 
58 . 
59- 
60. 
61. 
62. 
MS- 
64 . 
Music, Plate X. Rhythm and Imitation - 340 
•, Plate XI. Fugues ... 
, Plate XII. Canons - - 343 
, Plate XIII. Egyptian Mufical Inftruments 345 
-, Plate XIV. Plebrew Inftruments 
-, Plate XV. Grecian and Roman 
-, Plate XVI. Modern Church Organ 
-, Plate XVII. Wellh and Irifti Harps 
-, Plate XVIII. Lutes and Guitars 
-, Plate XIX. The Indian Guitar 
-, Plate XX. Viols, ancient and modern 
Plate XXI. Wind Inftruments 
349 
364 
368 
378 
379 
381 
383 
386 
Mustela, the Otter, &c. and Mutilla, Infers 409 
Mya, the Pearl-Oyfter; and Myagrum, or \ 
Gold of Pleal’ure - - f 
Mycteria, the Jabiru - 
Myoxus, the Dormoufe; and Myrica, the \ 
Candleberry Myrtle - / 
Myristica, the Nutmeg-tree 
Myrmecophaga, the Ant-eater; and Myr- \ 
meleon, the Lion-ant - J 
Myrtus; the Common Myrtle, and the Ja- l 
maica Pepper-tree - - J 
Mytilus, the Mufcle - 494 
Nais Worm; and Napier’s Bones - 512 
Narcissus, the Daffodil and Jonquil - 577 
Nardus, Spikenard * - - 581 
Nauclea. Small round-leaved Nauclea - 609 
Navigation. Methods of Sailing - 622 
Neckera, Plant; and Necydalis, Infefls - 666 
Needle-making, Apparatus for - 676 
Negroes of Senegal - 685 
Portrait of Lord Vifcount Nelson ~ 697 
Nepa, Nereis, and Nerita - 5. - 743 
Nerium, and the Indigo-Works - - 73* 
429 
432 
440 
445 
448 
458 
END of the SIXTEENTH VOLUME. 
9 
Jas. Adlard and Sons, Printers, 
% Bartholomew Close. 
