200 M U N 
cipa! employment of the inhabitants is the culture of 
hops: thirty-one miles' fouth of Breflau, and fixty-fix 
north of Olmutz. Lat. 51. 26. N. Ion. 16. 56. E. 
MUN'STERBERG, a town of Pruflia, in the province 
of Oberland : eighteen miles eaft-north-eaft of Marien- 
werder. 
MUN'STERBERG, a town of Pruflia, in the province 
of Pomerelia : twelve miles north-north-weft of Marien- 
burg. 
MUN'STERBERG, a town of Pruflia, in the province 
Qf Ermeland : fixteen miles fouth-weft of Heilfperg. 
MUN'STERDORF, a town of the duchy of Holftein : 
two miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Itzehoa. 
MUNSTERLIN'GEN, a town of Swifferland, in the 
Turgau: three miles fouth-eaft of Conftance. 
MUN'STERTRENTZ, a town of Pomerelia, on the 
Motlaw : five miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Dantzick. 
MUNSURABAD', a town of Hindooftan, in Allaha¬ 
bad : twelve miles north-weft of Allahabad. 
MUN'TER (Balthafar), a celebrated German divine, 
was born, in 1735, at Lubeck, where his father refided as 
a merchant. He was well educated ; and obtained a high 
reputation at fchool, as well by his German poetry in 
general, as by two odes in praife of the Deity, which were 
regarded as happy prefages of that celebrity to which he 
afterwards attained in facred poetry. In 1754, he went 
to ftudy at Jena, and in 1757 became a private teacher 
in philofophy. He entered his new career with great 
fuccels, and the fcantinefs of his means induced him to 
make great exertions. He devoted himfelf to the church, 
acquired much popularity by his fermons, and was foon 
patronized by the duke of Gotha, who appointed him 
dean of the court. He now diftinguifhed himfelf in print 
by fome volumes of fermons, and by a treatife “ On the 
Tree of Knowledge,” which was written in anfwer to an 
accufation made againft him for herefy. He was next 
appointed fuperintendant at Tonna ; and in a fhort time 
he accepted an invitation to become paftor of a German 
congregation at Copenhagen. Here he publiflied his 
c ‘ Converfations of a reflecting Chriftian with himfelf, on 
the Truth and Divine Origin of his Belief,” a work 
which was extremely well received, even by thofe who 
thought differently from him in regard to many con¬ 
troverted points. He was exceedingly attentive to the 
religious inftruClion of youth, and compofed a treatife 
exprefsly with this view, entitled “An Introduction to the 
Knowledge and PraCtice of Religion,” which was faid to 
be diftinguifhed for its perfpicuity and practical utility. 
In the year 1772, he attended the unfortunate count 
Struenzee during his imprifonment; and revived in his 
mind thofe fentiments of religion which he had imbibed 
in his youth, and which had not been entirely eradicated 
by a life of vicious indulgence. Munter publilhed an 
account of Struenzee’s converfion, which bears the 
ftrongeft marks of the inoft difinterefted attachment, and 
no work of modern times was read with fo much avidity : 
it was circulated with the utmoft zeal in foreign coun¬ 
tries, and tranflated into the Danifh, Swedifh, French, 
and Dutch, languages. In the year 1786, Munter fuf- 
tained a fevere ftroke by the lofs of his fecond fon, who 
had been brought up to the fea-fervice, and who was 
drowned in the harbour of Bourdeaux : he died himfelf in 
1793, leaving behind him the character of an excellent 
hufband, an affectionate father, and a iincere friend. 
Modefty and benevolence were the moft ftriking features 
in his character. Gen. Biog. 
MUNTERKIN'GEN, a town of Wurtemberg, on the 
Danube: thirty-five miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Stutgard, 
and fixteen miles fouth-weft of Ulm. 
MUNTERLO'NEY MOUNTAINS, mountains of Ire¬ 
land, in the county of Tyrone: ten miles fouth-eaft of 
Strabane. 
MUN'TING (Henry), a phyfician and botanift, was 
torn about the beginning of the feventeenth century at 
Groningen. Alter lpendiug eight years in foreign travel, 
M U N 
during which he particularly attended to botanical re- 
fearches, he fettled in his native place, and began to form 
a garden of curious native and foreign plants. The ex- 
penfe of this eftablilhment abforbed his patrimonial and 
profeflional income, fo that he would have been reduced 
to indigence, had not the ftates of the province patronifed 
a defign which promifed to be fo ufeful to the univerfity 
of Groningen, and bellowed upon him, in 1641, a penfion 
with the title of their botanift. In 1654 he was nomi¬ 
nated to the chair of chemiftry and botany, with a con- 
liderable augmentation of his penfion. He died in 1658. 
This phyfician publiflied “ Hortus & Univerfte Materia? 
Medica Gazophylacium,” 1646, nmo. which is a cata¬ 
logue chiefly of exotic plants and their varieties. 
MUN'TING (Abraham), fon of the preceding, was 
born at Groningen in 1626. He ftudied under his father, 
and at theuniverfitiesof Franeker, Leyden, and Utrecht; 
and then made an abode of two years in France, and 
took his degree of M. D. at Angers. On his re¬ 
turn he aflifted his father in his botanical leCtures, and 
was appointed to fucceed him in his chair at his death in 
1658. He occupied this poll with reputation, became 
reftor of the univerfity, and died in 1683. Abraham 
publiflied in the Dutch language, 1. The Genuine Cul¬ 
ture of Plants, Amft. 4to. 1672. 2. Aloedarium, 1680, 
4to. with figures. 3. De vera Herba Britanica, (which he 
coniiders as a fpecies of water-dock,) 1681, 4to. After 
his death appeared, in 1696, his “ Curious Defcription 
of Plants,” the writing of which is the fame as that of his 
firft Dutch work; but the plates are new and fplendid, 
amounting to 245; they have been publiflied feparately, 
under the title of PJiytographia Ctiriujh, with the names 
in various languages, at Amfterdam, in 1702, 1713, and 
1727, folio. Gen. Biog. 
MUNTIN'GIA, f. [named by Plumier, from the fub- 
jeft of the preceding article.] In botany, a genus of the 
clafs polyandria, order monogynia, natural order of colurn- 
niferas, (tiliaceae, Jutf.) Generic characters — Calyx; 
perianthium one-leafed, five-parted, concave at the bafe; 
fegments lanceolate, acuminate, large ; deciduous. Co¬ 
rolla: petals five, roundilh, fpreading, inferted into the 
calyx. Stamina : filaments very many, capillary, very 
fhort; antherae roundifh. Piftillum : germen globular, 
clothed with villofe hairs; ftyle none ; ftigma headed, 
pentagonal, rayed, permanent; (pyramidal, five-grooved, 
fefiile. Gartner.) Pericarpium : berry globular, umbili- 
cate with the ftigma, five celled,(frequently more. Gartner.) 
Seeds; numerous, roundifh, very final], neftling.— Effential 
Cliarader. Calyx five-parted ; corolla five-petalled ; berry 
five-celled; (many-celled, Gartner.) Seeds many, neftling. 
Muntingia calabura, or villofe muntingia, the only 
fpecies known. This fhrub, or fmall tree, rifes from "a 
fathom to ten or twelve feet, or according to Sloane 
thirty feet, in height, fending out many irregular, fpread¬ 
ing, long, round, hairy branches, covered with a fmooth 
dark purple bark. Leaves alternate, flat, fpreading hori¬ 
zontally, oblique, ovate lanceolate, acuminate, unequally 
ferrate, nerved, green and hirfute above, hoary-tomentofe 
and vilcid underneath 5 three, four, or five, inches long, 
and three quarters of an inch broad at the bafe; the upper 
ones more oblique, or ftretching much farther back on 
one fide of the petiole than they do on the other. 
Petioles fhort, round, hirfute; ftipules folitary, the length 
of the petioles, filiform, hirfute in front.at the bafe of the 
leaves ; peduncles two to four, between the petioles, and 
not axillary, cluttered, longer than the petiole, fhorter 
than the leaf, one-flowed, round, villofe-vifcid : Jacquin 
remarks, that they fucceflively turn the flower u'hen it is 
about to expand to the face of the leaf, which before was 
refiexed to the back of it. Flowers without feent, but 
handfome, an inch in diameter, refembling thofe of the 
bramble, according to Sloane ; the calyx is afh-coloured, 
and the petals are white: the former is five or fix parted; the 
parts the fame length with the petals, hirfute, and vifeid : 
the latter five or fix in number with a very fhort claw, 
and 
