, M U S C 1 
find erpneoitfly figured. Vaillant however inelines to 
think it the lame fpecies with the oranor. 
20. Mufcicapa barbata,thewhilkeredfly-catcher: length 
five inches : bill broad at the bafe, flat, and befet with 
hairs, which are longer than the bill itfelf; the plumage 
on the upper parts is deep olive brown, except the crown 
of the head, which is of an orange-colour; the under 
parts are greenifh yellow, changing to the laft colour on 
the rump ; legs brown. The female is bigger than the 
male : the bill lefs, and befet with only a few fliort hairs ; 
the upper parts of a blackilh brown, tinged with green ; 
on the crown an oblong fpot of yellow; throat, and upper 
part of the neck, whitilb ; the lower, and bread:, brown, 
with yellowilh edges ; belly and vent pale yellow. This 
fpecies is found at Cayenne : the male and female moftly 
feen together. The neft is generally placed on fuch 
branches as are leaft clothed with leaves, and is of a large 
fize, being twelve inches deep, and five or more in diame¬ 
ter, wholly compofed of mofs ; it is only open on the fide, 
about three inches from the top. The note is a foft whiftle. 
21. Mufcicapa rubricollis, the purple - throated fly¬ 
catcher : fize of a blackbird: bill broad at the bafe, an 
inch and a quarter long, bent at the tip, and befet at the 
bafe with a few hairs ; the colour dulky ; the whole plu¬ 
mage is black, except the chin, throat, and fore part of 
the neck, on which is a large bed of beautiful crimfon, 
inclining to purple; legs black. Some fpecifnens are 
wholly black, having not the leaft trace of crimfon on the 
throat: and fuch may be efteemed as females or young 
birds. Thefe inhabit Cayenne, and other parts of South 
America: they are found in flocks, and precede in general 
the toucans in their movements ; feed on fruits and in¬ 
fers, to which laft their bill feeins fully adapted : are 
lively birds, always in adlion. Inhabit the woods, like 
the toucans; and, where the firft are found, the others 
are feldom far oft'. 
Vaillant places this among the chatterers. Heobferves, 
that it frequents forefts, but feeds only on fruits, and 
therefore cannot be a fly-catcher; builds on large trees 
a very wide neft, wherein the female lays four eggs. It 
expreffes diftinctly the words pi-kau-Iiau , but not with a 
Iriarp cry as Buffon afferts, for it wmuld not be poflible to 
articulate hau-hau, which are guttural fyllables, fliarply. 
The eyes are reddifli brown ; bill lead-colour; feet and 
nails black. The wings are large, and reach two thirds 
the length of the tail, the outer feather of which on each 
fide is rather (horter than the reft. Briffon deferibes the 
wings as reaching to the end of the tail, a miftake which 
arole no doubt from his meeting with a fpecimen badly 
prepared. The female is fomewhat fmaller, and differs 
only in wanting the purple throat, that part being en¬ 
tirely black like the reft of the plumage. The firft plu¬ 
mage of the young male is the fame ; at his firft moult 
he begins to have a few pale-red feathers on fome parts 
of his neck; there wars a fpecimen in this ftate in the na¬ 
tional cabinet at Paris. The brightnefs of the throat is 
not complete till the third year. This large fpecies is 
very common throughout Guiana, and may be feen in 
almoft every colleblion. It is reprefented on the annexed 
Plate, from Vaillant’s Hill. d’Oifeaux rares d'Amerique 
et des Indes, tom. i. 
22. Mufcicapa crinita, the briftly fly-catcher: fize of 
the crefted lark: bill black, and very briftly at the bafe ; 
irides hazel; the head is crefted with long briftly feathers, 
and of a dull green ; hind part of the neck and back the 
fame; wing and tail-coverts brown : the under parts, 
from the chin to the breaft, alh-colour; from thence to 
the vent yellow; quills and tail brown ; legs black. In¬ 
habits Carolina and Virginia in fumraer : builds there, 
and departs in autumn. 
23. Mufcicapa ferox, the tyrant fly-catcher: length 
feven inches; bill brown ; head, hind part of the neck, 
and thence to the tail, deep brown; from the chin to the 
breaft afli-coloured; from thence to the tail pale yellow ; 
thighs olive brown; the wing-coverts deep brown, the 
CAPA. 2G3 
greater ones edged with olive ; quills and tail of the fame 
colour; legs blackilh. The female only differs in being 
paler. Inhabits Cayenne. 
/ 3 . There is a variety of this bird a fize fmaller, but 
firnilar in plumage, except that the brown inclines more 
to rufous. 
24.. MufcicapaLudoviciana,theLouifianianfly-catcher: 
fize of the laft : bill long; head, neck, and back, grey 
brown ; throat flate-colour; belly yellowilh; on the greater 
wing-coverts is a mixture of white; the quills pale ru¬ 
fous ; tail cinereous brown, edged with rufous. Inhabits 
Louifiana. 
25. Mufcicapaaudax, the bold fly-catcher: length eight 
inches: bill ftout, black, an inch and a quarter lon<>-j 
crown of the head yellow ; forehead, chin, and throat, 
white; through the eye a dulky ftreak; upper parts of 
the body and wings dulky, each feather edged with ru¬ 
fous brown ; rump and tail ferruginous, with the middle 
of the feathers on the back dulky, like the other; the 
under parts, from the breaft, pale yellow, marked with 
long narrow black ftreaks on the fides ; legs dulky blue. 
The female wants the yellow on the head : and in lome of 
the males the fpot is of an orange-colour. This fpecies 
is feen along the creeks at Cayenne, and perches on the 
low branches of trees, efpecially the mangrove, catching 
the infebts which frequent the water. It is a bold and 
audacious bird, quite regardlefs of the prefence of man. 
26. Mufcicapa atricapilla, the pied fly-catcher, or cold- 
finch : length four inches and three quarters ; bill black; 
irides hazel. The colours of this bird are merely black 
and white; the upper parts of the body, wings, and tail, 
are black; the firft of them inclined to dulky, and the 
forehead and under parts white ; there is alfo a fpot of 
white on the wing, and the outer tail-feather is white on 
the outer web, almoft to the end ; the upper tail-coverts 
are black and white mixed ; legs black. The female is 
brown where the male is black; wants the white on 
the forehead; and the under parts are dulky white; 
the white on the wings is alfo lefs pure. This is indige¬ 
nous to England ; and moll plentiful in Yorklhire, Lan- 
calhire, and Derbylhire. A neft belonging to two birds 
of this fpecies was taken in 1803, in Axvvell-park, with a 
great number of young, and alfo the parent birds. The 
afliduity of the latter, which were almoft unremittedly 
employed in taking flies for their numerous family, was 
highly interefting. The dexterity and attention of the 
male bird appeared moll confpicuous. 
There are two other varieties of this fpecies. /■? is 
above fix inches and a half in length, and differs in havin'- 
a mixture of grey on the upper parts, the thighs mixed 
brown and white, and three of the outer tail-feathers 
white on the margin. 7 more nearly refembles the firft, 
having only the outer tail-feather white on the margin, 
but differs in the white on the neck palling quite round 
it, like a collar. Thefe varieties the lefs lurprile us, when 
we are aware that the bird varies in plumage in different 
feafons of the year ; the male only poffeftmg the full black 
during the fummer; after that, growing, by degrees, fo 
like the female as not to be known from tier. Hence fuch 
variety of defeription and fentiment concerning this bird. 
It is met with in Lorraine and Brie, where it comes the 
middle of April. Builds in fome hole of a tree, not very 
near the ground. The neft is only a few fibres mixed 
with mofs, covering the bottom of the hole: the eggs fix 
in number. It is found as far north as Sweden, and in 
Rullia; and has been obferved between the river Kama 
and Samara. 
27. Mufcicapa ruticilla, the black-and-orangefly-catcher; 
length four inches and three quarters: bill blackilh to¬ 
wards the tip ; head, neck, and upper parts, jet black; the 
wings are alfo black, with a deep orange bar acrofs the 
middle of them ; lideaof the body orange ; the belly, thighs, 
and vent, pale orange ; the tail orange, with one-third of 
the end black; the two middle feathers w'holly black. 
The female has the upper parts brownilh alh-colour; the 
under 
