M U S’ 
27$ 
The head of Jupiter Serapis, cut out of a green bafaltes, 
a raoft inimitable piece of fculpture, of Egyptian work- 
manlhip, from the Barberini cabinet, the lize about four 
inches. The countenance is highly expreflive of fub- 
limity, and dignity, tempered with fweetnefs and grace. 
i74l. 5s. 
The moft celebrated antique vafe, or fepulchral urn, 
from the Barberini cabinet, at Rome. It is the identical 
urn which contained the allies of the Roman emperor 
Alexander Severus and his mother Mammea, which was 
depolited in the earth about the year 235 after Chrift, and 
was dugup by order of pope Barberini, named Urban VIII. 
between theyears 1623 and 1644. This was fold for 1029I. 
but is now in the Britilh Mufeum. See vol. xiii. p. 584. 
and for a very particular account (with an engraving) of 
this curious piece of antiquity collected from MOntfaucon 
and others, fee the Gentleman’s Magazine for 1786. p. 97. 
See alio Letters of Granger, edited hj Malcolm, 1805. 
About forty years ago, fir Alhton Lever, opened his 
molt magnificent cabinet to the public, in Leicefter-fquare, 
which had colt him upwards of thirty tlioufand pounds 
in collecting. This Mufeum forfome time was one of the 
moft falhionable places of refort in London ; and, when 
difpoled of by lottery, became the property of Mr. Parkin- 
fon, who ereCted a building on the Surrey fide of the river 
Thames, near Blackfriars-bridge. The iituation, how¬ 
ever, was injudicioully chofen, being at too great a dif- 
tance from the refidence of that clafs of people moft likely 
to afford fupport to fuch an inftitution ; and in confe- 
quence, the proprietor, not meeting with the encourage¬ 
ment he expedted, was induced to difpofe of the whole by 
audtion, in feveral tlioufand lots, in the fpring of 1806. 
This collediion, fays Mr. Montagu, (Suppl. to Orni¬ 
thological DiCt.) was once as much an honour to the 
country as its recent difperfion is a dilgrace. When we 
refledt on the various detections’ of peculation to a vaft 
amount by public characters; when public bodies can, by 
application to parliament, procure loans to any amount, 
and private individuals be rewarded from the public fund; 
how extraordinary does it appear, that in neither of the 
houfes of parliament an advocate or a champion Ihould 
be found ready to Hand forth and refeue fcience in fo en¬ 
lightened a country. It will fcarcely be credited in af¬ 
ter-ages, when our children’s children fir all be told of the 
polifh and refinement of the prefent day, that the trifling 
fum of thirty, or perhaps twenty, tlioufand pounds, would 
have added that vaft alfemblage of nature and art to the 
Britifli Mufeum ; yet it was fluttered to be difperfed. Had 
the Leverian Mufeum been connected with the Britifli, 
thefe colledtively would have formed a moft magnificent 
national collection that might have been envied by fur¬ 
rounding potentates, but unrivalled even by that of 
France, (to which the fate of war had given the means of 
plunderingfrom the public and private mufeums of nearly 
the whole of Europe :) but alas ! that unfortunate collec¬ 
tion has been diffolved, “ and, like the bafelefs fabric of a 
vilion, has not left a wreck behind.” At its diffolution the 
Auftrian cabinet was enriched by means of a l'pecial feien- 
tific mefienger exprefsly fent by its auguft fovereign ; and 
l'ome of the choiceft and moft valuable articles were pro¬ 
bably, at the capture of Vienna (1809), transferred to the 
Parifian Mufeum. Thus far Mr. Montagu. It certainly 
cannot be denied that countries, of which the financial re- 
fources are very inferior to our own, have made the moft 
liberal exertions for the promotion and diffufion of natu¬ 
ral fcience ; but we may now be permitted to indulge the 
reafonable hope that a government, which can allot thirty- 
five thoufand pounds for the mutilated productions of an¬ 
cient art, will notin future withhold its fubftantial patro¬ 
nage from the exifting or modern collectors of the rare 
productions of nature. 
Many rare articles which ornamented the Leverian Mu¬ 
feum, we now recognife in that feientifle and fyftematic 
collection called Bulloch's Mufeum. This has alfo been 
flQfcribed under the article London, vol. xiii. p. 573,4. 
M U S 
This collection is continually receiving a frefli acceffion of 
curiofities, both permanent and temporary. Among the 
latter we may mention, that the public W'ere gratified laft 
winter with the fight of Bonaparte’s very-commodious 
travelling-chariot, which he was forced to abandon after 
the fatal battle of Waterloo : the coachman and horfes 
were alfo in attendance. And at this prefent moment, a 
curious carriage is exhibiting, which goes without horfes. 
The National Mufeum, at Paris, afterwards fo greatly en¬ 
riched and called the Imperial Mufeum, now fo greatly im- 
poverifhed and chriftened anew the Royal Mufeum, opened 
in July 1817, with 1133 pictures. To the eye of aperfon 
not a connoifleur, it is as magnificent as ever. There are 
253 pictures of the French fchool alone; amongft which 
figure the chef d’ceuvres of fome modern painters, viz. 
Reftaut, Robert, Chardin, Chavaurie, and Greuze. David 
is a republican : his pictures are therefore fuppofed to have 
no merit, and are accordingly excluded. 
MUS'GRAVE (William, M. D.), a learned phyfician, 
w'as born at Charlton-Mufgrave,in Somerfetfhire, in 1657. 
He U'as educated at Winchefter, and afterwards at Oxford, 
where he was made probationer-fellow of New College in 
1675. His firft intentions were to ltudy the law ; but he 
afterwards adopted the profeflion of medicine, and was 
eleCted a fellow of the Royal Society, of which body he 
was appointed fecretary in 1684. In this capacity he 
edited the Philofcphical TranfaCtions, from N° 167 to 
N° 178 inclufive : hq^ikewife communicated feveral pa¬ 
pers on anatomical and phyfiological fubjeCts to the fo- 
ciety. Irr 1689, he took the degree of doCtor of phylic, 
and became a fellow of the College of Phyficians. Ulti¬ 
mately, however, he quitted London, and fettled at Exe¬ 
ter, where he praCtifed his profeflion, with confiderable 
reputation and fuccels, for nearly thirty years, and died 
in 1721. Beyond the circle of his praCtice, he made him- 
felf known principally by his two treatifes on gout: the 
one, De Arthritide Symptomatica, Exon. 1703 ; the other 
De Arthritide Anomala five Interna, ibid. 1707 ; both of 
which were feveral times reprinted. They contain nu¬ 
merous cafes of the difeafe, under all its forms and irre¬ 
gularities ; but the author not unfrequently aferibes to 
gout, l'ymptoms which probably were not connected with 
that malady. Neverthelefs, thefe are valuable practical 
works. 
Dr. Mufgrave was alfo a diftinguifhed antiquary, and 
publiftied leveral learned traCts upon the fubjeCt of his re- 
fearches in this way; efpecially one, entitled “ Belgium 
Britannicum,” 1719, 8vo. which treats of the topography, 
liiltory, and antiquities, of Hampfliire, Wiltfliire, and So- 
merfetfnire, which were anciently in the poffeflion of a 
tribe of Belgte. He likewife publiftied, 4. Julii Vitalis 
Epitaphium cum Commentario, 1711. 5. DeLegionibus 
Epiltola. 6. DeAquilis Romanis Epiftola, 1713. 7. In- 
feriptio Tarraconenlis, cum Commentario. 8. Geta Bri- 
tannicus, &c. 1715. 9. Differtatio de Dea Salute, 1716. 
Gen. Bing. 
MUSH'AKEN, ,a town of Perfia, in the province of 
Irak : thirty-five miles north-north-weft of Ifpahan. 
MUSH A'NON CREE'K, a river of Pennfylvania, which 
runs into the weft branch of the Sufquehannah in lat. 41. 
7. N. Ion. 70. 30.. W. 
MU'SHI, [Heb. one that withdraws.] A man’s name. 
MUSHIEDAU', a town of the kingdom of Candahar: 
fixty miles weft of Ghizni. 
MU'SHITE, f A defendant of Mulhi. 
MUSH'ROOM, f. [ mufeheron , Fr.] See Agaricus.— 
Mvjhrooms are by curious naturalifts efteemed perfect 
plants, though their flowers and feeds have not as yet 
been difeovered : the true champignon, or mujhroom, ap¬ 
pears at firft of a roundifti form like a button, the upper 
part of which, as alfo the ftalk, is very white, but, being 
opened, the under part is of a livid fiefn-colour, but the 
fieftiy part, when broken, is very white; when they are 
fuffered to remain undifturbed, they will grow to a large 
lize, and explicate themfelves almolt to a ftatnefs, and the 
i jed 
