422 M U T 
zuela, and Zea, are now celebrated in the botanical hillory 
of that country. Mutis, attended by fome of his pupils, 
and feveral draughtfmen, made a tour through the king¬ 
dom of New Granada in 1783. By his diligence much 
new light was thrown upon the hiftory of the Peruvian 
bark, or Cinchona, and its various fpecies, as there 
had already been upon that of the bali'am of Peru, the 
ipecacuanha, the elaftic gum, &c. He alfo taught his 
countrymen the culture and the value of indigo. His 
health having buffered from the climate of Mariquita, he 
was direfted to repair to Santa Fe, and to fix. on fome of 
his pupils, whole youth and conftitutions might be more 
adequate to fuch labours. In 1791 or 179a, Zea was fent 
to coliedt living plants and feeds, for the eftablilhment 
of a public botanic garden at Santa Fe. But in the poli¬ 
tical ferment of that period new inquiiitors arofe, as wife 
as thofe who had condemned Mutis fora magician. The 
innocent Zea was feized, and laid in prifon, under the 
charge of fome rebellious confpiracy, till the year 1797, 
when, with other viftims of malice or folly, he w ; as 
brought over to Spain to be tried. Their innocence was 
readily proved ; they were honourably acquitted, and 
each was reinftated in his former fituation. Mutis, with 
his accuftomed vigilance, took advantage of this oppor¬ 
tunity to vifit Paris, to confult with Juffieu, and the other 
eminent botanifts of that capital, concerning the com- 
pofition of a Flora Bogotenfis, and to make himfelf mailer 
of all the new improvements and dilcoveries. He re¬ 
mained at Paris till 1801, when he went back to Madrid. 
Whether he fubfequently returned to his native country, 
we know not; but in 1804 he w'as appointed to the pro- 
fefforlhip of botany, and fuperintendance of the royal 
garden, at Madrid, in the place of Cavanilles, wkofe death 
happened that year. 
The venerable Mutis was now eftablilhed in fame and 
reputation; but his advancing age made repofe in fome 
meafure neceffary. Fie continued however to be lervice- 
able to the government of his native country, and to the 
profperity of that in W'hich he had fo long been naturalized. 
He W’as regularly confulted by the viceroys on all difficult 
and important queftions; and, confcious that the happi- 
nefs of the people was the real intereft as w'ell as duty 
of the government, he made it the leading objedl of all 
his advice. He lived to an advanced age; but of the 
precife date of his death we are not informed. A pleafmg 
and well-executed portrait of this excellent man, his head 
encircled with a diadem of liars, is prefixed to one of the 
late lplendid botanical publications of his countrymen. 
We ought not to conclude this article without recording, 
that Mutis was the means of introducing Ilrawberries 
into the country of New Granada. He mentions in a 
letter to Linnaeus, that, on his departure from Spain, he 
advifed the viceroy to take with him fome of that fruit in 
a dried flate, the feeds of which vegetated in America, 
and the fubfequent propagation and fuccefs of the plant 
were truly wonderful. He adds that the tables w’ere 
daily furniffied at Santa Fe with this delicious fruit, and 
with other products of the kitchen-garden, all the year 
round, which the Italians might envy. Sims and Konig-'s 
Annals of Botany , vol. i. 
MUTIS'IA, _/.' [fo named by Linnaeus in honour of 
the fubjeft of the preceding article ] In botany, a genus 
.of the ciafs fyngenelia, order polygamia fuperflua, natural 
order of difcoideae, (corymbiferse, Jujf.) Generic Cha¬ 
racters— Calyx: common oblong, cylindric, imbricate; 
fcajes lanceolate ; the inner ones longer. Corolla: com¬ 
pound radiate ; corollets of the cliik three times more 
than of the ray, hermaphrodite; of the ray eight, female. 
Froper of the hermaphrodites tubular, trifid ; the outer 
iegment lanceolate, the inner fegments linear. Female 
oval-oblong, entire, with a linear claw. Stamina : in the 
hermaphrodites ; filaments five, linear; antheras cylindric, 
longer than the floret, with decurrent briltles at the bale. 
-In the females none; but only the rudiments of two 
fila 1 ents. Piliillum; germen Ihort; flyie filiform; Higma 
M U T 
in the hermaphrodites Ample ; in the females two, briftle- 
fhaped. Pericarpium : none. Seeds: fomewhat .oblong; 
down feathered. Receptacle : naked.— Fj,j'ential Char after. 
Calyx cylindric, imbricate; corollets of the ray oyal- 
oblong ; of the dilk trifid; down feathered; receptacle 
naked. There are eleven fpecies, in two divifions. 
1. Leaves pinnate. 1. Mutifia clematis, or woolly¬ 
leaved mutifia: leaves pinnate with tendrils; leaflets 
elliptical, deniely woolly beneath. This is a climbing 
plant, like Clematis: when young, tomentofe all over. 
Stem Ihrubby, llriated, long, branched, twining. Leaves 
alternate, remote, pinnate; with the rachis ending in a 
tendril; leaflets oblong-ovate, fubfeffile, alternate or op- 
polite, feven, by age becoming fmooth above, but very 
tomentofe underneath. Flowers the iize and form of a 
large pink; calyx tomentofe; corolla purple, the length 
of the yay of the calyx itfelf. It was found in New 
Granada by Mutis, in the year 1762. According to 
Cavanilles, it was gathered by Lewis Nee, in ftony places* 
not far from San Buenaventura el viejo, in Peru, flower¬ 
ing in June and July. This noble plant does not appear 
to have been leen alive in Europe, any more than the reft. 
Fine fpecimens are in the Linnsean Herbarium. Juffieu 
remarks, that it has the calyx of Scorzonera; and, in¬ 
dependent of the flower, the habit of Vicia. Jofeph de 
Juffieu had given it the Peruvian name guariruma ; and 
it is allied on one fide to Chuquiraga, and on the other 
to Barnadefia. 
2. Mutifia peduncularis, or long-llalked mutifia: leaves 
pinnate, with tendrils; leaflets lanceolate, fmooth, alter¬ 
nate ; flower-ftalks axillary, very long. Gathered by L. 
Nee, in the fame part of Peru with the preceding, flow'er- 
ing in July. This is fmooth in all its parts. The leaflets 
are ten or twelve on each fide of the common ftalk, alter¬ 
nate, lanceolate, acute, fomewhat decurrent, near an inch 
and a half long, half an inch wide. Flower nearly as 
large as the foregoing; calyx fmooth; radiant florets 
fcarlet, their terminal teeth very minute; thofe of the 
difle yellowilh-red, about fifteen in number; feeds of both 
all fertile. Cavanilles. 
3. Mutifia viciaefolia, or vetch-leaved mutifia: leaves 
pinnate, with tendrils; leaflets lanceolate, fmooth; the 
low'erones oppofite; flow'er-ltalks terminal. Found near 
Valparaifo, in Chili, flow’ering in May. This is very 
nearly akin to the laft, butfmaller in all its parts; and is 
perhaps a variety. 
II. Leaves fimpie. 4. Mutifia ilicifolia, or ilex-leaved 
mutifia: leaves roundilh-heart-fliaped, clafping the ftem, 
bordered with lpinous teeth ; tendrils Ample. Native of 
dry hilly places in Chili, flow ering in January. The ftem 
is Ihrubby, branched, climbing, llriated, reddiffi, three 
feet or more in height. Leaves alternate, feffile, clafping 
the ftem, but not decurrent, roundilh-heart-ffiaped, an 
inch wide, and fomewhat more in length, coriaceous, 
bordered with ftrong, fpreading, fpinous teeth, their ter¬ 
mination Angularly abrupt, with two much longer diva¬ 
ricated teeth; their upper lurface fmooth; the under 
fomewhat downy and glaucous, efpecially when young; 
their mid-rib terminates in a Ample fpiral tendril, thrice 
the length of the leaf. Flowers purple, on Ihort folitary 
Ample terminal italks; calyx fmooth ; its fcales yellowiffi, 
with a membranous edge. Radiant florets narrower than 
in the pinnated fpecies. 
5. Mutifia runcinata, or lion-toothed mutifia: leaves 
oblong, runcinate, decurrent; woolly beneath ; tendrils 
cloven. Gathered by L. Nee, flowering in December, in 
dry barren fituations, near Port Defire on the coall of 
Patagonia. Stem Ihrubby, zigzag, a foot and a half long, 
branched, round, not winged, except as far as the bales of 
the leaves extend. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, about three 
inches in length, acute; Ilrongly runcinate, fomewhat 
revolute; decurrent, and tapering at the bafe. Flowers 
terminal, yellow. Willdenow calls this Ipecies retrorfa. 
6 . Mutifia finuata, or blunt-toothed mutifia: leaves 
linear-oblong, bluntly toothed, decurrent; tendrils Ample. 
Gathered 
1 
