M Y S O R E. 
beginning of the year 1107 of the hegira,) affirmed the title 
of fultan, or king, which had not been taken by either his 
father or grandfather ; and thus became the firft Maho¬ 
metan prince who, fince the eftablifhment of the Mogul 
empire, had openly difclaimed the authority of the King 
of Delhi, or Great Mogul ; and who had prefumed to 
imprefs coin with only his own titles. Even the govern¬ 
ment of Bengal ftill preferve that external mark of refpeCt 
to the fallen reprefentative of the houfe of Timur ; for, 
after the capture of Seringapatam in 1799, they placed 
on the (nominal) throne the only child of Chiaum Raj, 
who had been defied in 1733 ; and his refidence is fixed at 
the town of Myfore, the ancient capital of the kingdom. 
The firft Mahometan invafion of the Deccan was in 
1193. The extinction of the Mahometan dynally took 
place in 1799. 
By a miltake in the treaty of Paris in 1763, two ufurpers 
were recognized as lawful fovereigns, the Subah of the 
Deccan and the Nabob of the Carnatic. Of this impro¬ 
priety Hyder availed himfelf to aroufe the rightful heirs 
and their connections againftthe Englifh: this war broke 
out in 1766, and lafted (H} r der being fupported by the 
French) till 1772. War was renewed in 1780, and again 
arrefted by the European peace of 1783. The difputed 
queftion about the lines of Travancore brought on war 
againft Tippoo, the fon and fucceffor of Hyder, in 1790. 
This was concluded by lord Cornwallis under the walls 
of Seringapatam in 1792. The next war was conducted 
by lord Mornington, now marquis Wellelley ; and this, 
in 1799, P ut an enc ^> as we k ave faid, to the Mahometan 
dynafty, by the taking of Seringapatam, and the death of 
Tippoo Saib. 
The dominions of Tippoo Saib, previous to the war, 
rendered his power formidable, not only from their ex¬ 
tent and value, but alfo from their advantageous pofition ; 
which, ftrengthened by numerous fortrefl'es, commanded 
the frontiers of the adjoining countries; and the reftlefs 
enterprifing fpirit of the fovereign obliged all around him 
to be in a hate of conftant preparation for their defence. 
The fultan's revenues, it appears, amounted annually to 
about two and a half millions flerling. He was, befides, 
poffelfed of very great treafures, and had an army con¬ 
fiding of eighteen thoufand cavalry, fifty thoufand re¬ 
gular infantry, formed in brigades, completely appointed 
with field artillery; and twice that number of irregular 
infantry, employed to garrifon his forts, and for the col¬ 
lection of his revenues. 
Whether from the operation of the fyftem eftablifhed 
by Hyder; from the principles which Tippoo had adopted 
for his own conduCt ; or from his dominions having 
fuffered little by invafion for feven years ; or from the 
effeCl of thefe Several caufes united ; his country was 
found every-where full of inhabitants, and apparently 
cultivated to the utmoft extent of which the foil was 
capable; while the dilcipline and fidelity of his troops 
in the field, until their lad overthrow, were tedimonies 
equally drong of the excellent regulations which exided 
in his army. He had been diligently employed, ever 
fince the former war, in improving his army, and in 
drengthening his principal forts; and had laid in fuch 
ample fupplies of military dores in his frontier pods to the 
north, as fhowed that he meditated extenlive conqueds. 
Tippoo had chofen Mahomet for his model, and wilhed 
to force on every man the faith of Ifiam ; he had alfo fome 
ambition in literature, and compofed memoirs of his life, 
intitled “ The Sultan of Hidories.” This work, which 
reaches down to theyeari789, is a great literary curioiity; 
and, as we have given one particular trait of Hyder’s 
character from the tediinony of others, (for Hyder could 
not write,) we (hall let Tippoo fpeak for himlelf, in the 
following extraCf, as tranflated by Col. Wilks : “ Among 
the memorable events of this wonderful year, (1784,) 
was the making. Muffulmans of the Nazarene Chriftians. 
Now, Chrijlian, in the language of the Franks, is applied 
to defignate a new convert to the religion of Jefus, (on 
Vol. XVI. No. 1127. 
485 
whofe race be benediction and peace,) and, as a com¬ 
pound word, it is fynonymous with Eefovian, (perfons 
of the religion of Jefus ;) for in the language of the 
Franks Chrijl is a name of the Lord Jefus. But to pro¬ 
ceed with our fubjeCt. The Portuguefe Nazarenes, who, 
for a long period, have poffefled factories on the fea-coads, 
obtained, about three hundred years ago, an edablilh- 
ment of this nature, on pretence of trade, on the coad of 
Soonda, at a place (Goa) fituated midway in the courfie 
of a large river and eduary; and in procefs of time, 
watching their opportunity, obtained from the rajah a 
country yielding a revenue of three or four lacs of rupees. 
They then proceeded to prohibit the Mahometan worfhip 
within thefe limits, and to expel its votaries: to the 
Bramins, and other Hindoos, they proclaimed a notice of 
three days, within which time they were at libefty to 
depart, and in failure to be enrolled in the new religion 
Some, alarmed at the propofition, abandoned their pro¬ 
perty and pofieffions; and others, deeming the whole to 
be an empty threat, ventured to remain; and, on the 
appointed day, the Nazarenes enrolled them in then- 
own foolilh religion. In procefs of time, and by means 
of rare prefents, and flattery, and pecuniary offerings, 
they prevailed on the fenfelel's rajahs of Nuggur, Courial, 
(Mangalore,) and Soonda, to tolerate their farther pro¬ 
ceedings, and began gradually to ereCf fhrines and chapels; 
and in each of thefe idol-temples eftablifhed one or two 
padres, that is to fay, monks, who, deluding the weak 
and pliant populace, by a fluency of tongue, alternately 
foothing and fevere, and by liberal and munificent gifts, 
led the way to their abolifhed religion; [by abolifhed he 
means merged in the fubfequent revelations of Mahomet;] 
and in this manner made a multitude of Chriftians, and 
continue^ to that day the fame practices. When his 
majefty, the fhadow of God, was informed of thefe cir- 
cumftances, the rage of Iflam began to boil in his breaft: 
he firft gave orders, that a fpecial enumeration and de- 
fcription fhould be made and tranfmitted, of-the houfes 
of the Chriftians in each diftriCt: detachments, under 
trufty officers, were then diftributed in the proper places, 
with fealed orders, to be opened and executed, on one 
and the fame day, after the firft devotions of the morning: 
and, in conformity to thefe inftruCtions, fixty thoufand 
perfons, great and final], of both flexes, were feized, and 
carried to the refplendent prefence: whence, being placed 
under proper guardians, and provided with every thing 
needful, they were difpatched to the royal capital, and, 
being formed into battalions of five hundred each, under 
the command of officers well inftrufted in the faith, they 
were honoured with the diftinCtion of Iflam: they were 
finally diftributed to the principal garrifons', with orders 
for a daily provifion of food, apparel, and other requilites : 
and the year of their reception into the pale of Iflam is 
defignated in the following diftich, each hemiftich of which 
contains the date: The firmament is enlightened by the 
fed of Ahmed—God is the protestor of the religion of 
Alimtd; and, as a diltinCtive appellation for this race, 
they were thenceforth called Ahmedy." A-proceeding 
of this horrible nature, recorded in his own words, and 
fung by the laureat of the court as one of the exploits 
of his reign, gives an authentic imprefs of mind, which 
no profeffed delineation of character is capable of con¬ 
veying: the true numbers were about thirty thoufand: 
the murderous conlequences of thus wantonly driving 
off the peaceful and unoffending inhabitants of his own 
country into captivity and agony, were not fo fatal as in 
fome fubfequent cafes when the captives were exclufively 
from the lea-coalt; but, as far as could be afcertained 
from conjecture, one-third of the number did not furvive 
the firft year. 
A vaft diftriCt has been added to the Britifh govern¬ 
ment by the completed conqueft of the Myfore. To the 
intolerance of Iflamifm has fucceeded the liberty of a 
more philofophic fway; and to the perfonal defpotifin of 
an irafcible and cruel prince the mild fuperintendence of 
6 C Englifh 
