53-2 
NAN 
Mirth and pleafantry prefided at the feftiv^ls which were 
here celebrated. Slight veftiges of the temple ftill appear 
in the fouth part of the bland. The marble of which it 
was conftrudled was taken from a deep rock, of frightful 
afpefl, on whofe fummit is a chapel dedicated to “ Our 
Lady of the Reed,” or in modern Greek Panegia Kala- 
mitofa. 
The forefts which once darkened the ifland have difap- 
peared, and have been fucceeded only by fome fcattered 
fhrubs. Its mountains are barren and naked, nor do its 
plains afford a much more brilliant vegetation. Agricul¬ 
ture languifhes; and, notwithftanding the fertility of the 
foil, barley is almoft the only plant that produces any 
harveft. Some frnall plantations of vines yield good 
wine; and honey is common. Partridges formerly mul¬ 
tiplied fo prodigioufly, that, in order to preferve the corn, 
all the eggs that could be found were colledled about the 
Eafter holidays, and made into various fauces, and efpe- 
cially into omlets ; and yet, according to Tournefort, 
coveys of partridges were ftill very numerous. Their 
number feems now to be diminifhed. A frnall town built 
to the fouth contains the whole population of Nanfio; 
every thing befpeaks the wretchednefs fpread over the 
territory of the ifland. Here is no harbour; but, in front 
of the town, fhips find a very good roadftead, protected 
by a frnall ihoal, which is called Nanjio-Poido, or Little 
Nanfio. 
NAN'FRI, a river of Sicily, which runs into the fea 
on the fouth coaft, in lat. 37. 3. N. Ion. 14.. 6. E. 
NAN'GA, a feaport-town of the ifland of Niphon, 
fituated in a bay on the fouth coaft: fifty-five miles fouth- 
wefl of Jeddo. Lat. 35. 52. N. Ion. 139. 16. E. 
NANGABUSAN', a town of Bengal : thirty-three 
miles fouth-fouth-weft of Calcutta. Lat. 22. 12. N. Ion. 
88.48.E. 
NANGAL'LY, a town of Hindooflan, in My fore : 
thirteen miles north of Vehcatighery. 
NANGANJEE', a river of Hindooflan, which runs 
into the Ambravetty eleven miles fouth-weft of Carroor. 
NANGASA'KI, or Nagaseki, a feaport-town of Ja¬ 
pan, on the weft coaft of the ifland of Ximo, fituated at 
the end of a deep commodious bay The mouth of the 
harbour, which lies north of the town, is narrow, and not 
deep, but grows wider and deeper as we fail farther in, 
till-we-come to a rocky ifland, where there is good riding. 
About half a mile from the town, are two imperial guards 
oppofite to each other, enclofed with palifades, and con¬ 
fiding each of feven hundred men, including thofe that 
are upon duty. There are alfo feverai forts, built like 
baftions along the harbour, but without cannon. The 
haven is long and deep: the fea rifes from four and a half 
to fix or feven fathoms; and the bottom is a ftiff clay, 
Which affords a firm anchorage. The city lies at the far¬ 
ther end of the harbour, where it fpreads itfelf wideft; but 
is deftitute of walls, caftles, or any other defence. The 
ftreets are neither ftraight nor wide. Three rivers run 
through the town, which defcend from the neighbouring 
hills ; the middlemoft of which is the larged, and erodes 
it from eaft to weft : the misfortune is, that they have 
fcarcely water enough during a great part of the year, to 
water their rice-fields, and gardens ; though thefe dreams 
fwell to fucli a degree,.after heavy rains, as to fweep away 
whole houfes with their rapid, current. The place is di¬ 
vided in to the Innerand OuterTown; the formerof which 
contains twenty-fix, and the latter fixty-one, ftreets. But 
in none of thefe are ftrangers fuffered to dwell: they have 
particular fuburbs allotted to them, where they are nar¬ 
rowly watched by the emperor’s officers. The chief pub¬ 
lic buildings hi and about it, are five janaguras, or large 
houfes, built of timber, not far from the fhore; where 
are kept three imperialjox/ts, or men-of-war, ready to be 
launched at command ; the powder-magazine, the palaces 
of the two refiding governors,, and other princes and 
grandees of the firfl and fecond rank, fome of whom con¬ 
stantly refide there, and others only on particular occa- 
N -A N 
fions. There are about fixty temples within and without 
the city; mod of them built on eminences, and ferving 
not only for devotion, but alio for recreation. The gokiiia, 
or common prifon, ftands near the middle of the town, 
and confifts of about one hundred frnall huts, or cages, 
feparate from each other : here prifoners are kept and pu- 
nifhed according to their rank, or the nature of their 
crime; either put to the torture, or privately executed. 
The brothel, which confifts of two handfome ftreets, is 
ftiut up at each end by ftrong gates; here women are kept 
to be hired, either by natives or foreigners. 
The houfes are low and mean, though well filled with 
inhabitants, who are moftly merchants, tradefmen, fhop- 
keepers, and handicraft-men. Moll merchandifes here 
fell dearer than in other ports, and fo do their provifions, 
though they are plentifully lupplied with all kinds ; the 
country about, furnifhing them with fruits, puife, and 
herbage ; the fea with fill); and the neighbouring coun¬ 
tries with cattle, grain, and other provifions; but their 
water, though clear and well-tafted, is apt here, as well 
as in mod other parts of the empire, to caufe violent and 
painful colics. 
The Porruguefe were completely routed from Japan in. 
the year 1639, 0' ee vol.x. p.869.) and no further attempts 
were made on the part of the Englifh till the year 1768, 
when the Eall-India Company lent a ihip to Nangafaki, 
with a letter from his Britannic majefty to the emperor of 
Japan. The emperor, probably under the'influence of 
the Dutch, fent the Englifh a meflage, forbidding any in- 
tercourfe with his dominions. Thus ended all communi¬ 
cation with Japan, on the part of the Englifh, until the 
year 1803, when a fhipwas fent on a mercantile fpecula- 
tion from Calcutta, which was refufed admittance, and 
ordered to leave in twenty-four hours. In 1808, Capt. 
Pellew, in the Phaeton frigate, entered the harbour of 
Nangafaki under Dutch colours; but the event was un- 
propitious. Lat. 32.45. N. Ion. 129. 52. E. 
NANGAX'IMA, a town of Japan, in the ifland of 
Xicoco : twenty miles north-north-eail of Tofa. 
NANGIHAN' POI'NT, the fouthern extremity of the 
ifland of Leyta. Lat. 10. 2. N. ion. 124. 57. E. 
NAN'GIS, a town of France, in the department of the 
Seine and Marne: thirteen miles eaft of Melun, and 
twelve weft of Provins. 
NAN'GIS (Guillaume de), an ancient French hiftorian, 
is fupnofed to. have been a native of a town of that name 
in the Ifle of France. He was abenediftine of the abbey 
of St. Denis, and lived from the time of St. Louis to the 
beginning of the fourteenth century. He wrote the Lives 
of St. Louis and of Philip le Hardi, and -alfo two Chro¬ 
nicles : the firfl, from the creation to the year 1300 ; the 
fecond, a chronicle of the kings of France. The Great 
Chronicle, written with clearnefs, and in tolerably pure 
Latin, has been much ufed by later writers: it has had 
two continuators, who have brought it down to 136.8. 
The Lives were printed firfl in Pithou’s Coilettion ill 
1596, and afterwards in that of Du Chefn.e; and the 
Chronicle from the year 1113, was publillied in the Spi- 
cilegium of Luc d’Achery. Moreri. 
NANGOI'A, a town of Japan, in the ifland of Ximo,: 
fixty-five miles north of Nangafaki. 
NANGU', a town of Hindooflan, in Myfore : twenty- 
five, miles north-eaft of Rettinghefy. 
NA'NI, a town of Candahar: eight miles fouth-weft: 
of Ghizni. 
NA'NI (Giambatifta), an Italian hiftorian, of a nobie 
Venetian family, was born in 1616, and educated under 
the eye of his father, who took him to Rome in his lui(;e, 
being appointed ambaffador from the Venetian republic to 
pope Urban VIII. In 1641, Nani was admitted into the 
college of fenators ; and. loon after was appointed am- 
baflador to France, where he redded five’years. He was 
muchefteemed by cardinal Mazarin, who was in the habit 
of confulting him on public affairs. In 1648 he returned 
to Venice, having obtained from the court of France a 
2 confiderablc 
