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dies frs infulaires, nos voijtns, cette multitude de partis et 
d’opinions.” This liberty it was, of every portion of 
which they demanded the extinction. Yet, thefe men 
we s'oppojci.ent pas au.r progres ties eonnoijptnces humaines! 
On a fubjeCl like this, the clergy were not likely to 
delift prematurely. An addrefs, containing the lame 
complaints and entreaties, was prefentecl on theacceflion 
of Louis XVI. and another in the year 1780. In this, 
too, they cry, “ Loin de nous, fire, la penfee d’eteindre 
ia damme du genie,-on de vouloir donner des chaines a 
la noble emulation des favans.” Yet, they pray, “ Que 
V. M. fauve done la religion, les mceurs, l’autorite, en fe 
hatant d’addrefi'er a toutes les cours fouveraines une loi 
bienfaifante, propre a contenir enfin le plus noble de 
tous les arts, Vavt d’ecrire, dans les homes d’une gene- 
reufe mais fage liberte.” What, in their eftimation, was 
a./age liberte, they make abundantly appear. It was a 
liberty by which, in particular, all Englifh books, worth 
the obtaining, were to be fiiut out of the kingdom. 
“ En vain,” lay they, “ il n’exifterait dans le royaume 
sucune fource publique de corruption, fi les fujets de 
V. M. avaient la liberte indefinie de fe procurer les pro¬ 
ductions etrangeres, et notamment celles que repandent 
de toutes parts les prejfes d'une nation enterprenante, dont 
les ecrits out ete mille fois phis funcjtss a nos mceurs que 
les armes ne le furent jamais a nos poflefiions. Pour 
repoufler, fire, loin de vos etats, cette monftrueufe efpece 
de contrebande, il fuffira de faire religieufement obferver 
les reglemens anterieurs qui n’accordent qu’a un petit 
nombre de lieux fixes et determines le privilege exclufif 
de faire entrer les livres, venant de l'etranger; livres 
d’ailleurs, foumis, avant leur delivrance, a la rigueur des 
vifites prealables, et a d’autres formalites, dont la viola¬ 
tion opere des amendes, faifics, et conjijcations. ” Thofe ad- 
dreffes of the clergy (hiftorical documents fo replete with 
inftruCtion) have been happily preferved, by publication, 
in a book written with partiality to the primary clafles 
in France, and by which, in various modes, conliderable 
light is thrown upon the hiftory of the revolution. Me- 
moires Hijioriques et Politiques du Regne de Louis XVI. 
par Soulavie. 
From thefe expoftulations of the clergy, two, among 
Other, important faCts, are ftrongly prelented to our 
notice. The firft is, that the number of Proteftants ex- 
ifting in France, particularly in the fouthern parts, was, 
previoufly to the revolution, by no means inconfiderable. 
The next is, that they continued expofed to fuch per- 
lecution as muft have retained their minds in a ftate of 
perpetual eftrangement from the government under 
which they were oppreffed, and could not fail to give 
peculiar activity and energy to their efforts, as foon as a 
profpeCt of deliverance was held out to them. Of the 
extent of their influence, at the very commencement of 
the revolution, a fufficient proof is afforded by the num¬ 
ber of them who were chol’en deputies to the different 
reprefentative aflemblies; and of whom feveral, fuch as 
Rabaut de St. Etienne, and Boiffy d’Anglas, attained the 
higheit confideration. The former, diftinguifhed as one 
of the molt eminent and enlightened among the fine 
writers whom France at that time contained, was himfelf 
a Proteftant minifter, and the fon of a Proteftant minilier, 
who, for more than half a century, had been venerated 
in the fouth of France as an apoitle, and who truly led 
the life of an apoftle, hiding himlelf in corners by day 
from arreftation and death, and preaching in the fields 
by night to vail audiences, who flocked from all quarters 
to hear him. 
We have no fpace, however,' to purfue any further the 
reflections which the recent hiftory of France fuggefts in 
fuch abundance, as to the effeCls of that religious into¬ 
lerance to which her old government adhered with fo 
fatal an obftinacy ; nor would it anfwer any good purpofe 
to exhibit at large the contrail which the liberal policy 
of our own country has ever prefented to this fpirit of 
periecution. We will only obferve, that the late dif- 
Vol. XVI, No. 1132- 
turbances at Nifmes, and the very-recent profecution and 
conviClion of a proteftant at Bourdeaux,* may be con- 
fidered as evidence in fupport of the pofition with which 
w ; e fet out—that perfecution and intolerance were among 
the chief caufes of one French revolution, and may per¬ 
haps be the occaiion of another. 
NANTEU'IL (Robert), an eminent engraver, was born 
at Rheims in 1630. A talent for the arts of defign dif- 
clofed itfelf in him from his childhood; and he drew and 
engraved, without a mailer, the decoration for the thefix 
which, according to cuilom, he maintained in phiiofophy 
when a ftudent in the univerfity. An early marriage re¬ 
duced him to indigence, which the practice of his art at 
Rheims was unable to relieve. Coming to Paris, he made 
his works known, and foon gained employment. lie firft 
drew portraits in crayons, and then engraved them. His 
fuccefs in taking that of Louis XIV. procured him the 
place of the king’s defigner and cabinet-engraver, with 
peniion. All the great perfons about the court were 
afterwards reprefented by the hand of Nanteuil; and he 
rofe to the fummit ol reputation. His heads of Colbert, 
Richelieu, and Mazarin, were admired as mailer-pieces. 
Carlo Dati, in fpeaking, in his Life of Zeuxis, of the 
perfection to which the modern art of engraving was 
arrived, cites the portraits of Nanteuil as the moil finiihed 
examples of this excellence. His engraved heads amount 
to two hundred and forty, the fubjeCls of which are all 
the molt eminent perfons in France of his time; and for 
beauty of execution they are coniidered as unrivalled. 
He acquired a large fum by his labours, which he fpent 
freely, being of a facial difpoiition, and much carelfed 
for his companionable qualities. He compofed verfes 
with eafe, and recited agreeably. This artift died at 
Paris in 1678. 
NANTEU'IL, a town of France, in the department of 
the Aifne, between Meaux and Chateau-Thierry. 
NANTEU'IL, a town of France, in the department of 
the Marne : fix miles north of Epernay. 
NANTEU'IL le HAUDOUIN', a town of France, in 
the department of the Oife : nine miles eaft-fouth-eaft of 
Senlis, and feven fouth of Crefpy. 
NANTEU'IL en VALLE'E, a town of France, in the 
department of the Charente: fix miles fouth-eail of 
Ruffec. 
hlANT'GLIN, a village in Denbighfliire, North Wales; 
with fairs on May 6 and OCtober 27. 
NANTIAL', a town of France, in the department of 
the Upper Vienne, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftriCt of Bellac ; containing 1570 inhabitants. 
NAN'TICOKE, a town of the ftate of Maryland : 
eighty-five miles fouth of Philadelphia. 
NAN'TICOKE CREE'K, or Wavenny, a river of 
Upper Canada, which runs into Lake Erie. 
NAN'TICOKE RIV'ER, a river of the ftate of Mary¬ 
land, which runs into the Chefapeak in lat. 38. 3. N. 
Ion. 76. 3. W. 
* The cafe was this. A deacon of the proteftant church 
at Bourdeaux was convicted (June 16, 1818.) before the 
tribunal of police, and condemned to pay a fine and the 
expenfes of the procefs, for not having decorated his houfe 
with hangings, in the manner of the catholics, during 
the proceffion of the hoft on Corpus Chrifti day. The 
5th article of the Conftitutional Charter, by which general 
toleration is granted, was urged by the accufed. But, to 
the aftonifliment of every one, the law-officers of the 
crown demanded and obtained the condemnation by 
citing a regulation of the old government in 1757. Now 
this was one of thofe vexatious decrees which renewed 
the perfecutions againft the proteftants, exiling their 
pallors, interdicting their aflemblies, annulling their mar¬ 
riages, baftardizing their children, &c. What muft we 
think, in the age in which we live, of feeing fuch arbitrary 
decrees as thefe enforced! A fimilar conviction took 
place a few months previoufly at Lyons, 
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