N A V 
008 
Navarre alfo maintains the privilege of receiving the 
greater part of foreign merchandife without fearch or 
duty ; nor is it fubjeift to the cuftoms, except when they 
leave Navarre for. Old Caftile ; the firft cuftom-houfe is at 
Agreda. Jjtbordt's View of Spain, vol. ii. 
NAVAR'RE (Lower). This country was originally 
one of the fix provinces which formerly compofed the 
kingdom of Navarre, and by the Spaniards was called 
Merindada de Ultra Puertos, it being to them beyond the 
Pyrenees, and the road which leads over them, in their 
language called Puertos, i.e. Gates. Ferdinand, king of 
Arragon and Callile, having, in 1512, pofteffed himfelf of 
the kingdom of Navarre, all that Catharine the lawful 
heirefs, and her hulband John d’Albert, could procure to 
be reftored to them, was this little fpot. John their fon 
had no better luccefs, his fovereignty being confined to 
this fcanty remnant of Navarre, though with the title of a 
kingdom. Johanna, his daughter by his fpoufe Margaret, 
in 1548 was married to Anthony of Bourbon, to whom file 
broughtthe above-mentioned remnant as a dowry. Their 
fon Henry IV. arrived to be king of France, and His fon 
Louis XIII. in 1630, annexed Lower Navarre and Bearn 
to the crown of France. St. Jean Pie de Port was the ca¬ 
pital. It now forms the department of the Lower Py¬ 
renees. 
NAVAR'BE(New), a province of New'Mexico, bound¬ 
ed on the north by a country unknown, on the eaft by 
New Mexico Proper and New’ Biscay, on the fouth by 
Culiacan, and on the weft by the gulf of California. This 
Country was conquered by the Spaniards in the year 1552. 
The inhabitants confided of divers tribes of Indians. St. 
Juan Cinaloa is the chief Spanifli town. 
NAVAR'RE (Peter), a celebrated warrior in the fix- 
teenth century, was born in Bifcay. He was brought 
up to the fea-fervice, but after a time engaged him¬ 
felf as valet to the cardinal Arragon, and then ferved 
in the army of the Florentines. He w ! as next em¬ 
ployed by Gonfalvo de Cordova in the Neapolitan wars 
as captain ; and he contributed very much to the cap¬ 
ture of Naples. On account of his good conduct, the 
emperor gave him large domains in Naples, and the title 
of Count of Navarre. He afterwards failed againfc the 
Moors in Africa, and took poffeflion of Oran, Tripoli, 
and other places. His campaigns in Italy after this were 
unfortunate, and he was taken at the battle of Ravenna 
in 1512. Upon his liberation, thinking himfelf ill-treated 
by the Spanifh king, he determined to enter into the 
fervice of Francis I. In his attempt to relieve Genoa, he 
was taken by the imperial troops; and, for the fpace of 
three years, languifhed in the dungeons of the Caftel del 
Ovo, till the treaty of Madrid fet him free. He was again 
taken priloner at the retreat of Averfa, and fent to the 
fame prifon. Here his life w r as fpared by the duke of 
Orange, in compaflion for his misfortunes and his valour. 
He died foon after, though it was affected that he was 
ftrangled in his bed. 
NAVAR'RE (Martin), furnamed Azpileuda, becaufe 
lie was born in the kingdom which bears that name, an 
eminent Spanifh lawyer, fucceftively profelfor of jurif- 
prudence at Touloufe, Salamanca, and Coimbra, was 
confulted from all quarters as the oracle of law. For a 
part of his knowledge he was indebted to the fchools of 
Cahors and Touloufe, in w'hich he had ftudied. His 
friend Barthelemi Carewza, a Dominican, and archbifliop 
of Toledo, having been charged with herefy by the court 
of inquifition at Rome, Navarre fet out at the age of 80 
years to defend him. Pius V. appointed him affeffor to 
cardinal Francis Alciat, vice-penitentiary. Gregory XIII. 
never paffed his gate without fending for him ; and fome- 
times would convcrfe with him for an hour together in 
the ftreet: he even deigned to vifit him, accompanied by 
feveral cardinals. Thefe honours did not render him 
more hgughty.' His charadter became fo eminent, that 
even in his own time the greateft encomium that could 
he paid to a man of learning was to lay that he was a 
N A U 
Navarre: this name thus included the idea of erudition, 
as that of Rofcius formerly marked an accomplilhed 
comedian. Azpilcudta was the oracle of the city of 
Rome, and of the whole Chriftian world. For the influ¬ 
ence which he had acquired, he was indebted not only to 
his knowledge, but alfo-to his probity and virtue. Faith¬ 
ful to the duties which the church preferibed, his tem¬ 
perance and frugality preferved to him a vigorous confti-' 
tution ; and at a very advanced age his genius was equal 
to the fevereft ftudy. His favings enabled him to give 
liberal afliftance to the poor. His charities, indeed, were 
fo great, that his mule, it is faid, would ftop as foon as 
the perceived a beggar. He died at Rome, in 1586, at 
the age of ninety-two. His works were collefted and 
printed in fix vols. folio at Lyons in 1597, and at Venice 
in 1602. They difplay more learning than judgment; 
and are now very feldom confulted. Navarre was uncle 
by the mother’s fide to St. Francis of Sales. 
NAVARREI'NS, a town of France, in the department 
of the Lower Pyrenees : ten miles north-weft of Oieron, 
eighteen weft of Pau. 
NAVARU', a town of Hindooftan, in Vifiapour: fix- 
teen miles eaft-north-eaft of Vifiapour. 
NA'VAS DEL MAR'QUES, a town of Spain, in New 
Caftile : fifteen miles weft of Efcurial. 
NA'VAS DE TOLO'SA, a village of Spain, in the pro¬ 
vince of La Mancha, fo called from a defile in the neigh¬ 
bouring mountains ; where, in the year 1212, Alphonfo 
IX. king of Caftile, Peter II. of Arragon, and Sancho VII. 
of Navarre, with their joint forces, attacked and cut to 
pieces the army of Mahomet, king of Morocco. 
NAVA'SIA, a fmall illand in the windward paffage, 
between Hifpaniola and Cuba. 
NAVAS'QUE, a town of Spain, in Navarre,: twenty- 
two miles fouth-eaft of Pampeluna. 
NAVATI'R, a town of Arabia Petrsea: eighteen miles 
eaft-fouth-eaft of Adjerud. 
NAVAZ'ZA. See Navace, p. 605. 
NAUCEL'LE, a town of France, in the department 
of the Aveiron : two miles fouth-eaft of Sauveterre. 
NAUCLE'A, f. [probably from vxvg, a fliip, and y.Xnu, 
to enclofe ; becaufe the feed, or more properly the half- 
capfule, is lbaped like the hull of a veffel, and contains 
the kernels in its cavity. Linnaeus, the author of the 
name, has not given its derivation, nor has Mr. Profeffor 
Martyn attempted any explanation.] In botany, a genus 
of the clafs pentandria, order monogynia, natural order 
ofaggregatte,(rubiaceae, Juff.) Generic chara&ers—Calyx: 
common, none ; receptacle, common, globular, lubvillofe, 
covered all over with florets : perianthium, proper, one- 
leafed, oblong, incrulling the germ; mouth contracted, 
entire. Corolla: proper,one-petalied, funnel-form, placed 
on the mouth of the perianthium • tube filiform, longer ; 
border fhort, five-parted ; fegments ovate, blunt, recurved. 
Stamina : filaments five, very fhort, in the throat of the 
corolla; antherae ovate, the length of the tube. Piftillum: 
germ inferior, oblong; ftyle capillary, ereCt, longer than 
the corolla; ltigma obovate. Pericarpium: caplule in- 
crufted with the calyx, turbinate, attenuated below, 
blunt at the top, two-grained, two-celled; grains faften- 
ed by a thread at the top. Seeds feveral, fmall, ovate, 
compreffeda little, membranaceous-margined, attenuated 
into a briftle-fhaped tail, faftened to the future.— EJJential 
Charadter. Corolla funnel-form; feed one, inferior, two- 
celled ; receptacle common, globular, hairy. There are 
thirteen fpecies in two divifions. 
I. With the heads of flowers terminal. 
1. Nauclea orientabs, or broad (harp-leaved nauclea: 
leaves ovate, obtufe, peduncles terminating folitary. 
This is a large tree, with a ftraight trunk, and fpreading 
branefies. Leaves quite entire, large, Imooth, petioled, 
oppofite, with thick parallel curved nerves. _ Flower on 
along peduncle, compofed of very many yellow flo: : 
gathered into a ball two inches in diameter. Proper 
perianth 
