638 
N A U 
over this glen the old csdle of Naul is boldly fituated : 
iourteen miles north of Dublin. 
NAU'LAGE, f. [ naulage , Fr. from naulum, Lat.] The 
freight of palfengers in a (hip. 
NAU'LUM,j! among the Romans, properly fignified 
freight, whence it is uled to denote a piece of money put 
into the mouth of a perfon decealed, to pay Charon the 
ferryman for his palfage: this piece was to be of the cur¬ 
rent coin of the emperor then reigning; fo that from it 
the time of the perfon’s death may be known. 
NAUMA'CHIA, or Nau'machy, / [ uaumachia , Lat.] 
A mock lea-fight: 
And now the naumachie begins, 
Clofe to the furface. Lovelace's Luc. Pofth. 1659. 
The uaumachia was a lliow or fpeflacle very frequent 
among the ancient Romans, reprefenting a fea-fight. 
Thefe mock fea-fights are fuppofed to have originated at 
the time of the fird Punic war, when the Romans firdin- 
drudted their men in the knowledge of naval affairs. Af¬ 
terwards they were intended to entertain the populace, as 
well as to improve the feamen. They were often, like 
other Ihows, exhibited at the expenfe of individuals, to 
increafe their popularity. 
In thefe fpeftacles they fometimes drove to excel each 
other in fwiftnefs ; and fometimes engaged in a warlike 
manner. The naumachiae of Claudius, indeed, was a 
moll: favage diverfion. The combatants ufed to dedroy 
each other to amufe a tyrant and a cruel mob. As they 
palTed before him, they ufed this melancholy greeting, 
Ave Imperator, morituri tefalntant. The emperor replied, 
Avete vos. This they underdood as an anfwer of kind- 
nefs, and a grant of their lives ; but they foon difeovered 
that it proceeded from wanton cruelty, and barbarous 
infenfibility. In the time of Domitian, fuch a vaft num¬ 
ber of velfels engaged as would have nearly formed two 
regular fleets for a real fight, and the channel of water was 
equal in magnitude to a natural river. Heliogabulus is 
reported to have filled the channel where the velfels were 
to ride with wine indead of water. Tritons and fea- 
monfters were frequently exhibited during the engage¬ 
ment. Suetonius and Dio Caffius informs us, that at one 
of thefe lea fights of Domitian a violent Ihower fell; the 
emperor, however continued to the end of the engage¬ 
ment, often changing his clothes, nor would he fuffer 
any one to depart; and, as the rain continued for feveral 
hours, many were feized with didempers, and fome even 
died. Suet. cap. 4. Dio. lib. lxvii. 
Naumachire were alfo places fitted up for thefe fhows ; 
a fort of circi, or amphitheatres, with feats and porticoes, 
&c. There were feveral of them at Rome ; three built by 
Auguftus, one by Claudius, another by Domitian, and 
another by Nero ; which ferved for the reverie of his me¬ 
dals. Claudius ufed the Lake Fucinus as a naumachia. 
NAU'MBERG, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
the Lower Rhine, on the Eider: fourteen miles wed- 
fouth-wed of Calfel, and thirty-fix louth-wed of Gottin¬ 
gen. Lat. 51. 15. N. Ion. 9. 7. E. 
NAU'MBURG, a city of Saxony, and capital of a bi- 
lhopric. The foundation or bilhopric is fituated partly 
on the Saale and partly on the Elder, the former part of 
it being wholly furrounded by the circle of Thuringia, 
and the latter by Thuringia and the circle of Leipfic, the 
principality of Altenburg, and county of Reufs. The 
emperor Otho I. founded this bilhopric in the year 9S8, 
at Zeitz ; and though, in 1029, the fee w'.as removed to 
Nautnburg, yet all the canons did not quit Zeitz, but 
there dill remained a collegiate church. Naumburg, the 
bead town of the bidiopric, lies in a fertile and pleafant 
trail, not far from the Saale, which in thefe parts receives 
into it the Unftrutt. Naumburg conlids of the town it- 
felf, which Hands under the jurildiition of its council, 
and contains a fmall citadel, with three churches, and a 
town fchool. This place has many times fudained great 
damage by fire. It is twenty miles fouth of Halle, and 
eighty wed of Drefden. Lat. 51. 8. N. Ion. 11. 54. E, 
4 
N A U 
NAU'MBERG am BO'BER, a town of Silefia, in the 
principality of Sagan, on the Bober: twelve miles north 
of Sagan, and thirty-five wed-north-wed of Gros Glo- 
gau. Lat. 51. 11.N. Ion.15. 27.E. 
NAU'MBURG am QUEI'SS, a town of Silefia, in the 
principality of Jauer, at the conflux'of the Ivenitz and 
Queifs : thirty-four miles wed of Jauer, and feventy ealt 
of Drefden. Lat. 51. 12. N. Ion. 15. 26. E. 
NAU'MS, a lake of Norway, in the province of Dron- 
tlieim : 114 miles north-north-ead of Drontheim. 
NAU'NA, a town of the ifland of Cuba : fifteen miles 
fouth-wed of Spiritu Santa. 
NAU'NHOF. See Nauenhof, p.612. 
NAU'NTON, a village of Worceflerlhire, north of 
Penlhore ; with a very ancient church.— SherrifPs Naun- 
ton is a hamlet in the fame parilh. 
NAU'NTON, a village of Glouceflerfliire, in the pa- 
rifh of Cheltenham.—Another,-in the parilh of Winch- 
combe. 
NAU'NTON (Sir Robert), a datefman and hidorian in 
the feventeenth century, was educated at Cambridge, 
and became prodtor and public orator of that univerfity. 
He attradled the notice of king James I. in a fpeech 
to him at Hinchinbroke ; and was brought into public 
employment. He rofe to the offices of fecretary of date 
and mafler of the court of guardians, which he filled with 
great reputation for prudence and integrity. He lod his 
place as fecretary in 1620, through the difpleafure of the 
duke of Buckingham ; and nothing further is recorded 
of his life. He wrote a work intitled “ Fragmentu Re¬ 
galia, or the true Character of Queen Elizabeth and her 
Favourites,” 1641, 4to. and re-publillied with Walling- 
ham’s Arcana Aulica. It is regarded as a faithful and 
judicious performance. 
NAV'OLOK, a cape on the north-wed coafl of Nova 
Zembla. Lat. 76. 20. N. Ion. 54. 14. E. 
NAVOO'K, a town of Perfia, in the province of Me- 
cran : feventy miles wed-north-wed of Kelveh. 
NAUPAC'TUS, or Naupactum, in ancient geogra¬ 
phy, a city of ZEtolia, at the mouth of the Evenus. The 
w'ord is derived from vuvi; and •xnyvvij.i, becaufe it was 
there that the Heraclidas built the fird Jhip which carried 
them to Peloponnefus. It fird belonged to the Locri 
Ozolas ; and afterwards fell into the hands of the Athe¬ 
nians, who gave it to the Meflenians, who had been 
driven from Peloponnefus by the Lacedaemonians. It 
became the property of the Lacedaemonians after the 
battle of iEgofpotamos, and it was redored to the Locri. 
Philip of Macedon afferwai ds took it, and gave it to the 
Aitolians ; from which circumdance it has generally been 
called one of the chief cities of their country. Lat. 38. o. N. 
Ion. 22. 20. E. 
There was on the Ihore a temple of Neptune, and near 
it a cave filled with oderings, and dedicated to Venus, 
where widows reforted to requed new hufbands of the 
goddefs. Paufan. lib. x. 
NAU'PENT, a town of Hindoofian, in the circar of 
Gur.toor : eight miles fouth of Innaconda. 
NAUPHA'RAH, a town of Hindoodan, in the circar 
of Cicacole : five miles north-ead of Tickely. 
NAtJ'PLIA, in ancient geography, a town of the 
Argolides on the Argolic Gulf, fouth-ead of Temenicum. 
This, according to Strabo, was the port of the Argians ; 
and, in the time of Paufanias, the docks, into which velfels 
retired, were vifible. It had a temple of Neptune, and 
a fountain called Canathe, in wdiich Juno is-faid to have 
bathed every year, allufion being made to one of the 
myderies of this goddefs. Here was confecrated the 
head of an afs, which wasfculptured on a done, in honour 
of this animal, who, by breaking off the under branches 
of a vine, which thus became more fruitful, taught the 
neceffity of trimming the vine. 
NAU'PLIUS, in fabulous hidory, a fon of Neptune 
and Amymone, king of Eubcea. He was the father of 
the famous Palamedes, who was fo unjudly facrificed to 
the artifice and refentment of Ulyfles by the Greeks at the 
Trojan 
