ft 
N E * A 
and fecretary to the million-bank, was author of A free 
and ferious Remonftrance to Proteftant-Diffenting Mi- 
nifters on occafion of the Decay of Religion;” which 
was republifhed by Mr. Job Orton in the year 1775. One 
of the daughters married the fon of Dr. David Jennings ; 
and the other the Rev. Mr. Litter, of Ware in Hertford- 
fhire, whofe fons are the eminent Dr. William Lifter, of 
London, and Mr. Daniel Lifter, to whom Dr. Toulmin 
lias dedicated bis edition of The Hiftory of the Puritans, 
to which we refer our readers for more information on the 
fubjeit of this article. 
To NEAL, v. a. [anselan, Sax. to heat.] To temper by 
a gradual and regulated heat.—If you file, engrave, or 
punch upon your lteel, ncal it firft, becaufe it will make 
it fofter, and confequently work eafter. The common 
way is to give it a blood-rfed heat in the fire, then let it 
cool of itfelf. Moxon's Meek. Ex'. 
To NEAL, v. 71. To be tempered in fire.—Reduction is 
' chiefly effected by fire, wherein if they ftand and ncal , the 
imperfeft metals vapour away. Bacon 
NEALAM', or Cu'ty, a town of Thibet: 240 miles 
weft-fouth-weft of Lafla. Lat. 28. zz. N. Ion. 87. 5. E. 
NE'ALED, aclj. Deep towards the (here, foul, oozy. 
AJh. 
NE'ALING, f. The art or aft of tempering in a gentle 
heat. 
NEALS, a town of North Carolina : nine miles north- 
north-eaft of Fayetteville. 
NEAN'DER (Michael), a German philologer, was 
born atSorauin 1525. Though his parents were in poor 
circumftances, he received a good education in his na¬ 
tive place, and made himfelf fo familiar with the Greek 
language, that he could repeat from memory the greater 
part of the Golden Verfes of Pythagoras, the Sententite 
of Theognis and Phocylides, and of the works of other 
Greek poets. He ftudied afterwards chiefly at Wittem- 
berg; and, having acquired an extenfive knowledge of 
the Greek, Latin, and Hebrew, he became rertor of the 
fchool of Northaufen, and afterwards of the gymnafium 
of Ilefeld, which he raifed to a flourifhingcondition. He 
died a bachelor, in the month of April 1595. He was 
the author or editor of various works, of which the greater 
part relate to Greek poetry. Teijfier, Eloges dcs Homines 
Savans. 
NEAN'DER (Michael), a German phyfician, who was 
more celebrated, however, for his mathematical know¬ 
ledge, was born in the year 1529, at Joachimfthal, a town 
of Mifnia, on the borders of Bohemia. After the ufual 
ftudies, he received the degree of mafter-of-arts at the 
univerfity of Wittemberg, in 1550. He afterwards fet¬ 
tled at Jena, as a teacher of Greek and mathematics ; and 
fulfilled thefe duties for the fpace of feven years, during 
which, he alfo applied himfelf to the ftudy of medicine ; 
and in 1558 he was admitted to the degree of M. D. Two 
years after this, he was appointed profefior of medicine 
in the fame univerfity, of which he alfo twice filled the 
office of refitor. He died in 1581, at the age of fifty-two, 
leaving behind him feveral learned publications. The 
titles of thefe are, 1. Synopfis Menfurarum et Ponderum, 
See. 4to. Bafle, 1555. 2. Methcdorum in omni genere 
Artiutn brevis et fuccinfla vtpvyea i?, in 1556. 3. Phyfice, 
feu Sylloge Phyfica Rerum Eruditarum ad omnem Vitam 
utilium, Partibus duabus, ex Prseledftionibus Michaelis 
Neandri, 1585 and 1591. 4. Spherica Elementa, cum 
Computo Ecclefiaftico, &c. Gen. JBiog. 
NEAN'DRIA, or Neandrium, in ancient geography, 
a town of the Troade, upon the Hellefpont, according to 
Strabo. The inhabitants of this town were transferred 
to Alexandria. 
NE'ANT, a town of France, in the department of the 
Morbihan : five miles north-north-eaft of Ploermel, and 
four fouth-fouth-weft of Moron. 
NEAP, [ [nep-plob, Sax. Skinner derives it from 
naejrce, lUEjrcig, want, poor; implying, I fuppole, that 
a neap is when the water flows not copious.] Low tide. 
N E A 655 
Seamen ufe the expreflion “ deep neap.” —The mother of 
waters, the great deep, hath loft nothing of her ancient 
bounds. Pier motion of ebbing and flowing, of high 
fprings and dead neaps, are as conftant as the changes of 
the moon. Halteivill on Providence. 
NEAP, adj. Low ; decrefcent. Ufed only of the tide. 
See the fubftantive.—The waters are in perpetual agi¬ 
tation of flux and refluxes ; even when no wind ftirs, 
they have their neap and fpring tides. Bp. Hall. —How 
doth the fea conftantly obferve its ebbs and flows, its 
fprings and neap tides, and ftill retain its faltnefs, fo con¬ 
venient for the maintenance of its inhabitants. Ray. 
NE'APED, adj. Wanting fufficient depth of water. 
Spoken of fhips. The lame as bene aped. See Beneaped, 
vol. ii. 
NEAP'OLIS, in ancient geograph}', Naples, a town of 
Italy, in Campania, upon a gulf to which it has given its 
name. This town was built by the Cumasans, who called 
it NeizwoTus or the New Cumes. This city be¬ 
came municipal, and obtained the privilege of a borough 
by the Julian law. Strabo fays, that in his time many 
Romans reforted hither to pafs a voluptuous life after the 
manner of the Greeks, whofe language they adopted. 
Aiaric, after having lacked Rome, A. D. 409, paffed Na¬ 
ples without damaging it; and the fame condudt was pur¬ 
ified by Genferic. Hither the young Auguftulus retired, 
when he was dethroned by Odoacer. The town was 
taken by this prince, and afterwards by Theodoric. For 
farther particulars, and its prefent ftate, fee the article 
Naples, p. 568 of this volume. 
Neapolis, or the New City, was the name very natu¬ 
rally given to many places in Greece and Egypt at their 
firft ereffion ; as—A city of the Higher Egypt, in the 
Nomos Panopolitanus, between Thebas to the fouth, and 
Pauopolis to the north, on the eaft fide of the Nile ; other- 
wife called Caame. — A fecond Neapolis of Babylonia, 
fituated near the Euphrates on the fouth fide.—A town 
mentioned in the Adds of the Apoftles, (ch. xvi. 11.) This 
was a town of Macedonia, where St. Paul arrived from 
the ifland of Satnothrace.—A town of Alia Minor, in 
Ionia, according to Strabo. It was fituated north-eaft of 
the Hie of Samos, north of Mount Mycale, and fouth- 
fouth-caft of Ephefus. This town belonged to the Sa¬ 
mians, who had received it in exchange of the inhabitants 
of Ephefus.—A town of Afia, in Ilauria, according to 
Suidas, probably the fame which Ptolemy places in Pifidia. 
—A town of Egypt, in theThebaid, called alfo Nea, and 
placed by Herodotus in the vicinity of Chemnis.—A town 
of Africa, now Nabal, fituated five leagues fouth-weft of 
Curobis. It was near the fea-coaft, and feems to have 
been a confiderable place.—Several others of which the 
fituation is not now known, or concerning which nothing 
worth notice has been tranfmitted. 
NEAPOLITAN, /.’ A native of the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples.—O Stephano ! two Neapolitans Heaped. S/ialiejpeare's 
Tempi'll. 
NEAPOLITAN, adj. Belonging to Naples.—When a 
Neapolitan cavalier has nothing elfe to do, he gravely (huts 
himfelf up in his clofet, and falls a tumbling over his pa¬ 
pers to fee if he can ftart a law-fuit, and plague any of his 
neighbours. Addijon on Italy. 
NEAR, prep, [neji, Sax. from neah, nigh.] At no 
great diftance from ; clofe to ; nigh ; not far from. It is 
ufed both of place and time.—This child was very near 
being excluded out of the lpecies of man, barely by his 
fliape. Loche. 
I have heard thee fay, 
No grief did ever come fo near thy heart. 
As when thy lady and thy true love died. ShaJtefpcarc. 
NEAR, adv. Almoft: 
Whofe fame by every tongue is for her minerals hurl’d, 
Near from the mid-day’s point throughout the weftern 
world. Drayton. 
At hand j not far off. Unlefs it be rather in this Penfe an 
adjeflive. 
