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70S 
obtained. The height of the monuntent from the ground 
to the fummit of the gallery is 140 feet. The top-ftone 
was laid on Saturday the 12th of September laft, with 
mafonic ceremonies. 
A monument to lord Nelfon on the Calton hill, Edin¬ 
burgh, was completed in Feb. 1818. It is 484 feet above 
the level of high-water mark; riles 100 feet above its 
foundation ; and is an elegant pillar. The under part 
forms a neat cottage, which is divided into rooms: thefe 
are kept by the widow of a petty-officer of the navy, who 
is allowed to provide dinners and fuppers for ftrangers, 
but not to fell wines or ftrong drink. There is alfo a 
garden round it, which is kept in excellent order, from 
which Hie has plenty of vegetables, with ftrawberries and 
other fruit in their feafons. A few of the moll refpedlable 
citizens of Edinburgh have formed themfelves into what 
they are pleafed to call the Nelfon Club ; and, properly 
fpeaking, the apartments in the monument belong to this 
club, which dines there on the anniverfary of all the 
hero’s victories. Over the door by which you enter, the 
Nelfon crelt, viz. the Hern of the San Jofef, has been cut 
in bas-relief, and in a manner which does credit to the 
artift; and fo anxious, we underlland, was the worthy 
dean of guild (Robert Johnllon, elq. treafurer to the 
Waterloo-fund for Scotland) to have this emblem cor- 
reft, that he was at the trouble of getting a geometrical 
drawing of the identical San Jofef’s Hern, with drawings 
of all the Spanilh ornaments of that fhip. The infcription 
is a moll elegant piece of Englilh compofition, and the 
intention with which the building has been raifed is moH 
beautifully expreffed. The apartments of this Nelfon 
club-room are plainly but neatly furnilhed. The walls 
are hung with prints of the hero, his Ihips, and views of 
his vi&ories; as alfo with engravings of the principal 
objefls of art \vhich have been dedicated to his memory. 
On all grand holidays the St. George is difplayed from 
the Haff of the monument; and on the anniverfary of each 
victory the particular flags of the nations whofe fleets he 
overcame. A good print of this monument has been en¬ 
graved and publilhed by Mr. R. Scott of Edinburgh. 
In the compilation of this article, we have been confi- 
derably indebted to a monthly magazine called the Naval 
Chronicle, to which his lordfhip communicated, under 
liis own hand, many particulars of the early part of his 
life and naval exploits. Other works, which we have laid 
under contribution, more or lefs, are—the Britannic Ma¬ 
gazine, vol. xii. Wars of England, vol. viii. Charnock’s 
Biographical Memoirs; and Southey’s Life of Nelfon. 
NEL'SON’s FER'RY, a town of South-Carolina. Here 
is a poll-office : fifty miles north of Charleflown. 
NEL'SON’s FO'RT, a fort and fettlement of North- 
America, in the country of Labrador, at the mouth of 
Nelfon’s River; originally built by lome French adven¬ 
turers, but now belonging to the Englifh Hudfon’s-Bay 
company, for the purpofe of trading with the Indians. 
NEL'SON’s RIV'ER, a river of North-America, which 
runs into Hudlon’s Bay in lat. 57.2. N. Ion. 92.46. W. 
NELSO'NIA, f. [fo named by Mr. Brown, in comme¬ 
moration of the merits of the late Mr. David Nelfon, an ex¬ 
cellent gardener and good practical botanifl, who was fent 
out with captain Cook, in his lafl voyage, and difcovered 
many new plants. He afterwards accompanied captain 
Bligh, in his firfl voyage, and died in the ifland of Ti¬ 
mor.] In botany, a genus of the clafs diandria, order 
monogynia, natural order perfonatre, Linn, (acanthi, or 
acanthaceoe, Juff.) —Eflential generic charafiler. Calyx in 
four deep unequal fegments; corolla funnel-lhaped; limb 
five-cleft, flightly unequal; flamens tw r o, fhorter than 
the tube, without any barren filaments ; cells of the 
antherse equal in their infertion, divaricated; capfule 
fertile, with an elaflic point, the partitions from the centre 
of the valve ; feeds ieveral in each cell, without any 
fpinous fpring. 
This is a genus of herbaceous plants, with diffufe Hems, 
and 3 downy, fomewhat-hoary, habit; leaves broadifli, 
N E L 
undivided ; fpikes terminal, denfe, equal; braftes broad, 
oppofite, Angle-flowered; flowers firnall, each with a pair 
of fmaller inner brabteas; anterior fegment of the calyx 
emarginate, or divided half-way down ; corolla either 
white or purple. The two New-Holland fpecies, both 
tropical, are thus defined. 
1. Nelfonia campeflris: leaves elliptical, woolly; brables 
of the fpike acute, anterior fegment of the calyx cloven 
half-way down; dorfal one acute, undivided; fegments 
of the corolla entire. Gathered by Mr. Brown in New 
Holland. 
2. Nelfonia rotundifolia : leaves roundifli; fomewhat 
hairy when full-grown; braftes of the fpike acute; two 
broader fegments of the calyx emarginate, as well as the 
divifions of the corolla. Gathered by fir Jofeph Banks, in 
whofe herbarium only Mr. Brown had feen it. Prod. Nov. 
Moll. i. 48.1. 
NELUM'BIUM, or Nelumbo, f. in botany. Sec 
Nymphtea nelumbo. 
NE'MA, a river of Ruflia, in the province of Urtiug, 
which runs into the Vitchegda at Utnemlkoi. 
NEMAS'A, in ancient geography, a river of Acliaia, 
running between Sicyon and Corinth, the common boun¬ 
dary of both territories, an dialling in to the Corinthian bay. 
NEMAJ'A, a town of Argolis between Cleons: and 
Phlius, with a wood, where Hercules, in the fixteenth 
year of his age, killed the celebrated Nemsean lion. This 
animal, born of the hundred-headed Typhon, infefled 
the neighbourhood of Nemrea, and kept the inhabitants 
under continual alarm. It was the firfl labour of Her¬ 
cules to deflroy it; and the hero, when he found that his 
arrows and his club were ufelefs againfl an animal whofe 
fkin was hard and impenetrable, feized him in his arms, 
and fqueezed him to death. The conqueror clothed him- 
felf in the Ikin; and games were inflituted to commemo¬ 
rate fo great an event. 
But the Nemzeax Games were originally inflituted by 
the Argives in honour of Archemorus, or Opheltes, fon 
of Lycurgus king of Nemasa by Eurydice. The llory is 
this: The child was in the arms of Hypfipyle queen of 
Lemnos, who had fled to Thrace, and was employed as a 
nurfe in the king’s family: Ihe was met by the feven 
chiefs who were going againfl Thebes ; and, they begging 
her to Ihow them fome water, Ihe laid the child down on 
the grafs, and conducted them to a well. In her abfence, 
a venomous ferpent killed the child ; upon which the 
nurfe, out of an excefs of grief, grew defperate. The 
chiefs, at their return with her, killed the ferpent, buried 
the young Archemorus, and, to divert Hypfipyle, infti- 
tuted the Nemeean games. 
Hercules, on his victory over the Nemaean lion, revived 
and augmented the games, and confecrated them to Jupi¬ 
ter Nemseus. They were one of the four great and folemn 
games which were obferved in Greece. The Argives, 
Corinthians, and the inhabitants of Cleonae, generally 
prefided by turns at the celebration, in which were ex¬ 
hibited foot and horfe races, chariot-races, boxing, wreft- 
ling, and contefts of every kind, both gymnailic and 
equeftrian. The conqueror was rewarded with a crown 
of olive, afterwards of green parfley, in memory of the 
adventure of Archemorus, whom his nurfe laid down on 
a fprig of that plant. They were celebrated every third 
year, or more properly on the firfl and third year of every 
Olympiad, on the twelfth day of the Corinthian month 
Panemos, which correfponds to our Auguft. They ferved 
as an era to the Argives, and to the inhabitants of the 
neighbouring country. It was always ufual for an orator 
to pronounce a funeral oration in memory of the death of 
Archemorus, and thofe who diflributed the prizes were 
always d relied in mourning. 
NEMAi'A, now called Trijlena, is a village of Euro¬ 
pean Turkey, in.the Morea, twenty miles fouth-weft of 
Corinth. 
NEMAi'AN, adj. Belonging to Nemasa; belonging to 
the public games celebrated at Nemsea every third year, 
NEM'AKAS. 
