N E M 
NEM'AKAS. See Namaquas. 
NEMAKA PEARLS, a name given by Mr. Barrow 
to fubftances which he found on the mountains north of 
the Cape of Good Hope, in the Nemaka, or Namaqua, 
country ; and which confided of large rounded mafl'es of 
granite. 
NEMAL'LY, a toum of Hindooftan, in Madura : fifteen 
miles north of Coilpetta. 
NEMALO'NI, in ancient geography, a people of the 
Alps, placed by Pliny in the number of thofe who were 
lubdued by Auguftus. 
NEMANTURIS'TA, a town of Spain, according to 
Ptolemy, who places it among the Vafcones, betweeen An- 
delus and Curnonium. 
NEMARAM', a town of Hindooftan, in Golconda : 
thirty-two miles fouth of Combamet. 
NEM ATOSPER'MUM, j. in botany. See Lacistema, 
vol.xii. p. 68. 
NEMAU'SIS, or Nemausum, in ancient geography, 
the capital of the Arecomici in Gallia Narbonenfis; a 
colony with the furname of Augufta. In it ftands a Ro¬ 
man amphitheatre, which is ftill almoft entire. Now' 
Nijmes in Languedoc. 
NEM'BRO, a town of Italy, in the Serio : four miles 
north-eaft of Bergamo. 
NEMBS, a town of the duchy of Holftein : fix miles 
north of Segeborg. 
NEME. See Neheim, p. 690. 
NEME'A. See Nemtea. 
NE'MEN, a town of Hindooftan, in Travancore: fif¬ 
teen miles north-weft of Travancore. 
NE'MERSDORF, a town of Germany, in the princi¬ 
pality of Culmbach : fix miles north-eaft of Bayreuth. 
NEMESIA'NUS (M. Aurelius Olympius), a Latin poet, 
was a native of Carthage, and flourilhed about the year 
281, under the emperor Cams, and his fons Carinus and 
Numerianus. The laft of thel’e princes had a particular 
efteem for him, and entered into a friendly poetical con- 
teft with him. It is fuppofed that he relided at Rome 
during the reign of this prince, and rofe to high favour 
and fortune, and that he interefted himfelf in behalf of 
his cotemporary poet Calphurnius, who was reduced to 
indigence. Nemefianus, according to the hiftorian Vo- 
pifcus, wrote three poems, entitled Halieutica, Cynege- 
tica, and Nautica. Of thefe, the fecond only is come 
down to modern times, and that in an imperfeft ftate. 
He is alfo ufually confidered as the author of four eclogues 
printed with the (even of Calphurnius, though fome cri¬ 
tics have attempted to prove that all thefe were compofed 
by the latter poet. The Cynegeticon of Nemefianus ap¬ 
pears to have been well knowm in the dark ages ; but it 
was unknown to the modern till Sannazaro difcovered a 
manufcript of it in France, which he gave to Paulus Ma- 
nutius to print. It cannot rank high as a poetical com- 
pofition ; but it deferves praife for its polifh and elegance, 
and is free from moft of the faults of the preceding age. 
The Cynegeticon is ufually printed with that of Gratius 
Falifcus; and the Eclogues with thole of Calphurnius. 
Another poet of the fame name and age, but of inferior 
merit, wrote a work entitled Ixentica, of which fome 
fragments have been publifhed in the Poet. Lat. Minor, 
and Poet. Rei. Venat. Vojfii Poet. Lat. 
NEM'ESIS, one of the infernal deities, daughter of 
Nox. She was the Goddefs of Vengeance, always pre¬ 
pared to punifh impiety, and at the fame time liberally 
to reward the good and virtuous. She is made one of the 
Parcse by fome mythologifts, and is reprefented with a 
helm and a wheel. The people of Smyrna were the firft 
who made her ftatues with wings, to fhow with w'hat 
celerity (he is prepared to punifli the crimes of the wicked 
both by fea and land, as the helm and the wheel in her 
hands intimate. Her power did not only exift in this life, 
but fire was alfo employed after death to find out the moft 
.effectual and rigorous means of correftion. Nemefis 
was particularly worfhipped at Rhamnus in Attica, w here 
Vol. XVI. No. 1148. 
NEM 
709 
fhe had a celebrated ftatue ten cubits high, made of Parian 
marble by Phidias, or, according to others, by one of 
his pupils. The Romans were alfo particularly attentive 
to the adoration of a deity whom they folemnly invoked, 
and to whom they offered facrifices, before they declared 
war againft their enemies, to fhow the world that their 
wars were undertaken upon the moft juft grounds. Her 
ftatue at Rome was in the capitol. Some fuppofe that 
Nemefis was the perfon whom Jupiter deceived in the form 
of a fwan, and that Leda was entrufted with the care of 
the children which fprung from the two eggs. Others 
obferve that Leda obtained the name of Nemefis after 
death. According to Paufanias, there w'ere more than 
one Nemefis. The Greeks celebrated a feftival called 
Nemefia, in memory of the deceafed perfons, as the god¬ 
defs Nemefis was fuppofed to defend the relics and the 
memory of the dead from all infult. 
NEME'SIUM, in ancient geography, a town of Mar- 
marica, placed by Ptolemy between Azicis and Tifarchi. 
NEME'SIUS, an eminent ancient Chriltian philofopher, 
is fuppofed to have been bifhop of Emefa in Phoenicia, 
and to have flourilhed, according to fome writers, to¬ 
wards the dole of the fourth century, while others place 
him in the fifth. Since antiquity, however, affords us no 
light on this fubjedt, we muft confider his age to be un¬ 
certain. He was the author of a treatife “ On the Nature 
of Man,” which by fome has been erroneoufly aferibed 
to St. Gregory Nyfien. It refutes the notions of the Ma- 
nichaeans, Eunomians, and Apollinarifts, and defends 
that of Origen concerning the pre-exiftence of fouls. 
The opinions of the Greek philosophers on the fubjedt 
of his work, he relates with great perfpicuity of thought, 
and corredfnefs of language; but his treatife is chiefly 
curious as it difeovers a degree of acquaintance with phy- 
iiology not to be paralleled in any other writers of fo 
early a date. He treats clearly concerning the ufe of the 
bile, the fpleen, the kidneys, and other glands of the 
human body; and feems to have had fome idea of the 
circulation of the blood. Upon the whole, his perform¬ 
ance is one of the moft elegant fpecimens, now extant, of 
the philofophy which prevailed among the ancient Chrif- 
tians. George Valla publifhed the firft Latin verfion of it 
at Lyons, in 1538; which was treated with great con¬ 
tempt by Nicalius Ellebodius, who gave the firft edition of 
it, in Greek and Latin, at Antwerp, in 1565, odtavo, with 
a preface in the Greek language. It is inferted in the fe¬ 
cond volume of the Auchiajv Bibl. Patr. but the belt edi¬ 
tion of it was publifhed at Oxford, in 1671, odtavo, in 
Greek and Latin, with notes and a learned preface. En¬ 
field's Hijl. Phil. Gen. Jiiog. 
NEMES'KO, a town of Hungary: fix miles weft of 
Ziget. 
NEMESTRI'NUS, in mythology, an ancient divinity 
who prefided over forefts, called Nemora. He was pro¬ 
bably the fovereign of the dryads, hamadryads, fauns, 
latyrs, and other gods, inhabitants of the woods. 
NE'MET, a town of Hungary : two miles fouth-w'eft 
of Korpona. 
NE'MET, a town of Tranfilvania, on the river Maros’: 
twelve miles weft-north-weft of Hunyad. 
NEM'ETES, in ancient geography, a people of Ger¬ 
many, who named their capital Nomamagus. I11 the 
time of Casfar, they occupied both fides of the Rhine. 
They were eftablifhed along the Rhine, between the Van- 
giones to the north, and the Triboci to the fouth. 
NE'METH U'JAVAR, or Glussingen, a town of 
Hungary, on the borders of Stiria; it is a populous 
walled town, with a caftle ftanding on a very high rock, 
which is wholly detached from all the other mountains j 
this place is moft delightfully lituated among woods, 
corn-fields, and rifing grounds, which are covered with 
vines. It is foriy-five miles fouth-weft Raab, and twenty- 
fix fouth of Edenburg. 
NEMETOBRI'GA, in ancient geography, a town of 
Spain, in the Tarragonenfis, belonging to the Callaiti, 
8 S at 
