24 
140 Leaves smooth, usually shining. Fruit whitish or pinkish. 
Cult.—White Mulberry Morns alba L. 
140 Leaves rough, usually downy-hairy beneath. Fruit dark 
purple or nearly black. Western N. E. Cult.—Red 
Mulberry, Black Mulberry, Moms rubra L. 
Magnolia —Leaves commonly very large (except in Sweet Bay) 
and margins without teeth. Flowers large and conspicu¬ 
ous. Fruit cone-like. Seeds hanging from the mature 
fruit by slender threads. 
141 Flowers appearing before the leaves in early spring. Culti¬ 
vated for ornament only. Small trees or large shrubs. 
Various Chinese and Japanese Magnolias. 
141 Flowers not appearing until the leaves have expanded. 
Native in eastern U. S. and cult.—142 
142 Leaves 1 to 2 feet long, pointed at both ends, crowded at 
the ends of the branches in umbrella-like clusters. Flow¬ 
ers 3 to 5 inches long—Umbrella Tree, Magnolia tripetala L. 
142 Leaves not crowded at the ends, but scattered along the 
sides of the branches—143 
143 Leaves 3 to 0 inches long, blunt at tip, whitish beneath. 
Flowers globular, fragrant, white, 2 inches long. Usu¬ 
ally a shrub. Eastern Mass.—Sweet Bay, Sweet Mag¬ 
nolia, Magnolia virginiana L. 
143 Leaves 0 to 10 inches long, pointed at tip, not conspicuously 
whitened beneath. Flowers shaped like a narrow bell, 
greenish yellow, 2 inches long—Cucumber Tree, Magnolia 
acuminata L. 
143 Leaves 1 to 3 feet long, somewhat clustered, heart-shaped 
at base, whitened and hairy beneath. Flowers broad bell¬ 
shaped, white (with purple spots at base), about 6 inches 
long—Great-leaved Magnolia, Great-leaved Umbrella Tree, 
Magnolia macrophylla Mx. 
Apple, Pear, Quince —Leaves simple. Fruit fleshy, containing 
5 thin-walled compartments with about 2 seeds in each. 
144 Leaves woolly beneath, margins entire. Fruit globular, 
pressed inward or flattened at both ends. Cult.—-Quince, 
Pgrus Cydonia L. 
