SEQUOIA WELLINGTON I A. 
Mammoth Tree of the Californian Settlers. Wa-wo-nah (Great Tree) of the Aborigines. 
Identification.— WELLINGTONIA GIGANTEA, Lindley, in Gardeners Chronicle, No. 52, pp. 820 and 823 (Dec. 1853), and scattered 
notices in succeeding years; Hooker, Bot. Mag., lxxx., or Third Series, Nos. 4777 and 4778 (1854); Ch. Lem. Ittustr., p. 
14 (1854); Bui. Soc. Bot. de France, i. p. 72 (1854); Revue Hort., p. 116 (1854) ; Flor , Cab., p. 121 (1854); Van Houtte, 
in Flore des Serres, ix. pp. 93 and 903 (1853-4); Carriere, TraitS Gin. des Conif., p. 166 (1855); Gordon, Pinetum, p. 
333 ( 1 858); and Supplement, p. 106 (1862); Murray, in Edin. New Phil. Journ. (New Series), xi. p. 205 (April i860). 
SEQUOIA WELLINGTONIA, Bonplandia, ii. p. 238 (1854); iii. p. 27 in adnot. (1855); vi. p. 343 (1858); Seeman, in 
Annals Mag. Nat. Hist., Third Series, p. 161 (March 1859). 
WASHINGTONIA CALIFORNICA, Winslow, in California Farmer for 1854; Hooker, Journ. Bot. and Kew Miscel., 
vii. p. 29 (1855). 
TAXODIUM WASHINGTONIANUM, Winslow, in California Farmer [loc. cit) ; Hooker, Journ. Bot., {loc. cit.) 
SEQUOIA GIGANTEA, Torrey, in Sill. Jour., Second Series, 18, p. 150 (1854); 20, p. 281 (1855); Decaisne, in Bid. Soc. 
Bot. de France, i. No. 2, p. 72 (1854); Torrey, in Report on Botany of Whipple’s Expedition, in U. S. Pacific Railroad 
Explor., iv. p. 140 (1857); Bigelow’s Description of Forest Trees, in Whipple’s Expedition, in U. S. Pacific Railroad 
Explor., iv. p. 22 (1857); Blake, in Proc. Calif. Acad. Nat. Soc., vol. ii. p. 201 (1863). 
Engravings. —Tree, &c. —Veitch, Lithographic Plate, large folio, 1854; Hooker, Bot. Mag. foe. cit.) ; Ch. Lem. Ilhistr. foe. cit.)] Flor. Cab. 
foe. cit) ; Flo 7 'e des Serres, pi. 893 foe. cit) ; Murray, in Edin. New Phil. Journ. foe. cit) 
Specific CharaSlers. —S. vasta tri vel quadri-centipedalia; foliis alternis triangulatis coriaceis eredtis 
imbricatis spiraliter positis; floribus masculis subglobosis pedunculatis ; strobilis oblongo-ovatis ligneis, 
squamis cuneatis truncatis per apophysin transverse sulcatis mucrone setacea in medio. Seminibus 3-7 
cuique squama supra medium pendulis compressis utrinque alatis. 
Habitat in California in montibus Sierra Nevada, prope origines fluminum Stanislaus ex San An¬ 
tonio, in lat. 36° ad 38° N., long. 129° io' W. Altitudine ped. 5000. 
A tree reaching from 200 to 400 feet in height, and 30 feet in diameter ; wood extremely light and 
fragile ; bark, externally of a pale cinnamon brown colour, inter¬ 
nally darker in colour, very thick (in mature trees 15 inches or 
more), tough, stringy, corrugated, with the interstices filled with a 
spongy and elastic padding. Branchlets, with the leaves sometimes 
Fig. 1. 
slightly distichously pinnated, more usually with them quadrangular, 
especially in young plants, only loosely adpressed [fig. 1] ; in the older form they are closely imbricated, 
and hence the twig looks thinner. Leaves applied to the branch, thick, roundish on the outer side, scarcely 
concave on the inner side ; those on the stem of the branchlets elongate [figs. 2 and 3] ; on the twigs much 
shorter [fig. 4], small, pale green when young, dark green when older, arranged on an elongate spiral, 
imbricated, oblong-subulate, apiculate, or mucronate ; semiamplexicaul at-the base, keeled at the back, flat 
within, but with a slightly elevated central ridge: those of the older branches smaller, shorter, more com- 
[ 20 ] a padt, 
