i 
[^4 Journal New York. Entomological Society. [Voi.iv. 
This larva is on the whole the most highly specialized North Ameri¬ 
can Eucleid. It belongs to the group of smooth Eucleids, but is the 
only one in which the primitive first stage has disappeared. Though it 
lacks the specializations of the spined Eucleids, it exceeds them by the 
number of its peculiar modifications, namely, the union of the ridges to 
the exclusion of the lateral space, the high modification and development 
of the depressed spaces and the conversion of the skin granules into 
scales. 
Affinities, Habits, Etc. 
The genus Eulimacodes was founded by Moeschler on a species 
from Surinam. A larva apparently identical with our scapha is figured 
by Sepp (Suranim. Vlinders, PI. 129) from this locality, but the moth, 
which he calls gibbosa , is quite distinct. Of our two species one is found 
in Arizona and doubtless occurs farther south. Therefore we may re¬ 
gard the present species, scapha , to be of South American origin and we 
should not expect to find it represented in the European fauna. 
The moths fly in July and the larval stages occupy the summer months, 
the insects reaching maturity in August and September. The eggs are 
laid singly and the larvte live on the under sides of the leaves, solitary, 
though not greatly scattered, as often several or many occur on the same 
plant. 
There is a wide range in variation with something of a local ten¬ 
dency. In Long Island the form with smooth subdorsal ridge is common, 
with no hump or only one small one (Plate VII, fig. 13). d he back is 
green or variously spotted with yellow and brown, rarely entirely brown, 
the sides generally green. In the wooded parks near New York the single 
or double humped form is morg common, often with brown markings on 
the sides. The larva shown in fig. 14 was collected at Fort Lee, N. J., 
and a curious example with two humps on one ridge and but one on the 
other occurred at Scarsdale, N. Y. I have collected a long series with 
a wide range in variation near Woodstock in Greene county. 
I am indebted to Miss Morton for a number of young larvae and to 
Mr. Doll for fertile eggs and cocoons. Mrs. Knopf has kindly assisted 
with the plate. 
Criticism of Previous Descriptions. 
We have several recognizable figures of this peculiar larva, but no full 
account of its life history. Dr. Packard describes two of the early stages, 
calling them “II?” and “ IV, or that before the last.” I infer from the 
