June, t8 97 .] Packard : Transformations of Hymenoptera. 
79 
than in Megachile.') The sides of the epicranium at the insertion of the 
jaws in Vespa do not bulge out, and become squarely truncated as in 
Polistes. 
Fig. 6. Polistes, a, larva beginning to change to pupa; b , semipupa; b<, ventral 
view of head and thorax; c, pupa, X3> (Emerton del.) 
Pupa. —Compared with that of Vespa maculata the body is much 
longer and slenderer and the tubercle on the head is not near so large 
and prominent. The clypeus is longer and fuller; the labrum is small. 
The antennae have the joints half as long, and the appendage, as a 
whole, is still less bent than in Vespa , and much shorter than in Vespa, 
not reaching to the tip of the anterior legs. The trochanters are very 
much larger than in Vespa and at least twice as long. The maxillae are 
much shorter than in Vespa, the lingua not so deeply bifid. The legs 
are much longer than in Vespa and the wings do not reach so near the 
tibial spurs as in Vespa, while the hind legs nearly reach to the tip of 
the abdomen. Seen sideways, the legs and wings, especially, are much 
more oblique and parallel to the longer axis of the body than in Vespa. 
The thorax and long narrow subpedicellate abdomen are much as in the 
imago. The ovipositor is still exserted, while the last tergite is greatly 
