12 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. vi. 
main directions Endronus shows the most progress. Still, we shall have 
to discuss the relation between these specializations and habit, although 
here the matter may detain us no further. 
It may be here remarked that it is not strictly correct to speak of 
the Cubitus “becoming three or four branched.’’ The Cubitus is always 
two-branched. It is the movement of the lower branches of the 
Media, which become varyingly attached to the Cubitus, thereby giving 
the appearance of increasing the number of the cubital veins. In the 
opposite direction, it is the same way with the Radius. 
SPHINGIDiE. ! 
The absence of homology between the anal horn of the Hawk Moths 
and the similarly situated hypertrophied tubercle of the Emperor Moths 
has been determined by Dyar and is illustrated by me in the “ Satur- 
niiden,” pp. 7-8. The two groups have then no immediate connection 
and the correspondence with the Citheronians is illusory, the common 
habit of pupation of secondary acquirement. The venation, both of 
Endromis and Sphinx , entirely warrants this view of the case. We 
need not detain ourselves with these matters here but pass on to the 
venation. The mass of preparations I have made show me that this offers 
no characters of precision for a division into subfamilies. The wings 
appear cast, like iron, into the same mould. Still there is a play with 
the branches of the Media and it is often not difficult to decide, as be¬ 
tween distinct forms, which is the more specialized. Harder to embrace 
these forms into groups. A form like Cephonodes picus seems special¬ 
ized from the amount of absorption of vein IVi by the Radius on 
primaries, the retreating, almost vanished cell on secondaries, the fusion 
of IV3 with Vi. Cephonodes is more specialized than Hemans. As 
between Macroglossum and Aellopos it is hard to distinguish ; they seem 
practically identical. The obliquely transverse and rigid crossvein of 
primaries is the same and all goes to show that the position assigned by 
me to Aellopos in 1865, among the Macroglossians, is correct and that 
its placement among the Chaerocampians in the Philadelphia List is er¬ 
roneous. A study of the neuration seems to favor the idea that the 
Macroglossians are really the more highly specialized of all the groups. 
On the other hand, that portion of the hind wing between Cubitus and 
the anal margin appears generally more lappet-like in the Macroglossians 
(shared by Aellopos') as compared with the Elephant Hawk Moths. 
There is a decided indentation of the outer margin between V2 and VII. 
Almost does this character seem a probable test to distinguish the groups. 
