18 
Journal New York Entomological Society. [Volvi. 
with Automeris. But here it is evidently vein VIII which is added to 
what is, in its total pattern, in its flowing venation, its wide interspac¬ 
ing, its treatment of the Media and its system, its position of vein IV2 
—in all these points—the wing of a Saturnian, not the wing of an 
Aglian. What the addition of vein VIII makes to the wmg of an 
Aglian we see in Citheronia. The student will follow me here better by 
a glance at the figures given, in this way complying with Hamlet’s re¬ 
quest to look first on this picture and then on this. How impossible 
does it not seem, that a classification can be correct (and a classification 
which represents even approximately the phylogeny) which would de¬ 
rive the Automerid from the Hemileucid wing, or the reverse ! . Is it 
conceivable that the malleable Hemileucid wing should have stiffened 
into the Automerid? Or that the rigid wing of Citheronia should have 
produced both ? Or to believe with Dyar, that the wing of Aglia could 
have become transformed into the wing of Saturnia and Attacus, while 
the very wing of Aglia, its pendant, the wing of Automeris , should 
break out with Hemileuca ? For those who believe in the “more con¬ 
servative modern classification” it will be no argument to appeal to 
Hiibner and that this writer considered maia to be a Saturnia ; and, 
in fact we see that Hiibner was often mistaken, such as Professor 
Smith never is. But, in spite of all his mistakes, we believe that here 
Hiibner is quite right; right also, in the “ Tentamen” and in the 
“ Verzeichniss,” in recognizing two main groups of the Emperor Moths, 
which we call Saturniadse and Agliadie, and that Hemileuca belongs 
to the first and Automeris to the last. We shall try to make this clearer 
by our remarks on the next family. 
AGLIADiE. 
It is to Dr. Packard that we are indebted for calling our attention 
to the fact that Aglia is a specialized Citheronian, and this from other 
grounds than the neuration, grounds we must here pass over. Before 
taking up the neuration of the Agliadte, we will revert for an instant to 
Hemileuca again. The vein we call Illr + 2 in Hemileuca springs from 
the Radius above the cell. In the Agliadae this is the normal condition 
of affairs. Its point of emergence travels upwards a little in Aglia, as 
compared with Automeris, and herein is the latter the more generalized. 
But in Saturnia it has already been absorbed to a point of issuance 
from III3 4- 4, just before the apex. Now, this is just what we would 
expect in a generalized Saturnian, and it follows naturally the presence 
of vein VIII in Hemileuca. But the type of Saturnia , the long stem 
upon which IVi and IV2 sit, is already fully developed in Hemileuca. 
