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Proceedings of the Society. 
253 
art *yf different colors is the question whether the gonad of a certain sex and the color, 
arf^both the effects of a common set of causes, or whether the color is more directly 
dependent upon the gonad of a certain sex. As the color is produced by a chemical 
^composition of the hmmolymph, and as the h?emolymph can hardly escape being 
reciprocally affected chemically by the sexual organs, the second of the assumptions 
would be indicated. 
The. results so far obtained, however, do not warrant any final opinion upon this 
subject. The pupoe used were those of the common Saturnidoe, Ca/losatnia promethea , 
Platysamia cecropia and Telea polyphemus. A cartilage knife or razor was used in 
cutting the pupa;. The two portions to be united were placed in apposition and 
melted parafine was applied with a camel’s hair brush to the edges of the common 
wound. The cooled parafine formed a ring which kept the parts together and pre¬ 
vented the escape of the haemolymph. Three groups of operations were recognized 
according to the make-up of the complex. First, where parts from two different 
pupae were united in normal proportions. 
Homoplastic operations upon Cynthia furnished three successful cases. Only 
one heteroplastic union was obtained. In this specimen a part of the abdomen of a 
female promethea was united to the rest of the body of a cynthia. The part of the 
imago derived from the promethea showed no trace of a red color, but was buff, the 
ground color of the cynthia. “Tandem” fusions formed the second group. In 
these a head was cut from one pupa and a part of the abdomen of the other, the parts 
being united on a long axis. The resulting moths possessed four pairs of wings and 
six pairs of legs. Heteroplastic and homoplastic. 
Twin unions formed' the third group. In these but little of each pupa was cut 
off. Moths joined by the heads, by their backs or tails or sides could be produced by 
corresponding operations. In some of the heteroplastic unions, however, was there 
any indications of reciprocal color effects. 
In summary it was pointed out that homoplastic unions were easier to produce 
than heteroplastic ones. Eleven per cent, of the latter was successful, while fifteen 
per cent, of the former furnished imagines. The mortality was greatest among the 
pupae of the first group, only six surviving the operation. The “Tandem” give a 
percentage of success of eleven. The “Twins” furnished twenty per cent, of suc¬ 
cessful operations. He hoped that future operations and experiments will furnish data 
for the solution of the problem of reciprocal color effects. After a lengthy discussion 
the meeting adjourned. 
Meeting of February 15, 1898. 
Held at the American Museum of Natural History. 
President Dr. Love in the chair. Eight members present and several visitors. 
Mr. Davis was elected an active member. 
Mr. Beutenmiiller exhibited specimens of the curiously formed butterflies, Ar~ 
mandia lidderdalii and A. thaidina. 
Mr. Joutel showed living specimens of Ceruchuspiceus in decayed white birch. 
After discussion, adjournment. 
Meeting of March i, 1898. 
Held at the American Museum of Natural History. 
Vice-President Groth in the chair. Twelve members present. 
