27 
P E Z 
elevated veins or plaits. Size much lefs than the fore¬ 
going; fubftance tender and gelatinous. 
4. Peziza clavus (of Albertini and Sellweiniz); has a 
near refemblance to the genus Helotium. It is grega¬ 
rious and cluttering. In fome degree polymorphous in 
refpeft to the form and length of its (talk. This part is 
at its bafe thick ; for the length of two lines or half an 
inch it diminiflies; and again at its fummit it acquires a 
large circumference. The Item is all of one colour, ex¬ 
cept that its bafe is more ftrongly imbued with a dirty 
yellow. The dilk, which is from two to fix lines in dia¬ 
meter, is of a pale livid or purple colour, and is always 
convex ; it has occafionally a riling in its middle of a 
fomevvhat red colour; its margin is entire. The whole 
plant fmooth. It grows on the decayed leaves of trees, 
chiefly in wet fituations, and in the months of May or 
June, or femetimes, though fparingly, at a later feafon. 
£?. A deeper tinge of purple in the dilk, and a conca¬ 
vity of the fame part, has feemed fufticient diftinguilhing 
marks to Albertini to make another variety of this plant 
under the name of violafcens. But it is the firft variety, 
pal/ens, which is delineated on the preceding Engraving, 
at fig. 2. 
5. Peziza betuli: fo called from its ufually growing on 
decayed birch-trees, was, like the preceding fpecies, firft 
deferibed by Albertini and his colleague. We have in- 
ferted it (fee fig. 3.) becaufe it feems to unite the genera 
Tremella and Peziza very clofely, having the form of the 
one and the fubftance of the other : for, though it is of a 
foft confiftence, it does not fwell in water, a diftinguilhing 
mark of the Tremella. It is concave at top ; of a pale 
white colour; round or oblong; and about three lines 
in breadth. It grows plentifully in November; and is 
gregarious. 
II. Helvelloidete. Helvella-like ; larger, partaking of 
a flelhy and membranous fubftance, brittle, externally 
rather powdery. 
6. Peziza aurantia: cluttered, fefiile, obliquely wavy; 
wliitilh externally; dilk orange-fcarlet. Common in 
autumn about the roots of decayed oaks, fometimes on 
gravel-walks in gardens, after much wet, growing in 
clutters of various fizes. The plants are from half an 
inch to two or three inches in diameter, varioufly cup- 
ihaped, without any Item ; often wavy, and oblique, or 
convoluted ; the dilk of an orange hue inclining to fcarlet, 
but paleft in wet weather; the outfide fomewhat glau¬ 
cous, with a kind of bloom. 
7. Peziza veficulofa: ciuftered, hemifpherical, rather 
contracted at the margin; dilk brown, feparating from 
the llightly-downy, whililh, outer coat. Very common 
on expofed dunghills, according to Mr. Sowerby, who 
detected the effential character, confiding in a feparation 
and hollow fpace between the hyinenium and the recep¬ 
tacle, or outer coat. In a young ftate the fungus is glo¬ 
bular, white or cream-coloured, and rather downy; as it 
expands, the mouth ftill remains for fome time much 
more contracted than the reft. The full-grown plant is 
two inches wide; the dilk of an umber brown. 
8. Peziza Sowerbaeana: ciuftered; externally white, 
downy, with a long tapering root; dilk concave, yellow. 
Firft obferved by Mr. Sowerby in Wanltead-garden, 
Eflex, in the autumn of 1794 and 1795. It grows in 
clufters, apparently feflile, the long tapering root being 
concealed amongft earth and dead leaves. The cup is 
above an inch wide, of a bright ochraceous yellow in the 
dilk ; externally white, downy, reticulated with prominent 
veins. 
9. Peziza acetabulum : folitary, hemifpherical, brown 
on both fides; with elevated branching pale external 
veins, and a pale fluted ftalk. A rare fpecies, and one of 
the largeft; found in fandy hedge-bottoms, or on very 
rotten wood in the fhade, in winter. Its furrowed ftalk, 
like that of an Helvella, fending up branching elevated 
veins over the lower half of the large thin cup, and the 
I Z A 
brittle, fmooth, w'axy, nature of the whole fungus, well 
mark this fpecies, which preferves its appearance and cha¬ 
racters fufficiently well in drying. 
10. Peziza digitalis (Albertini and Schw’einiz) is 
Ihown at fig. 4. This fungus grows on decayed firs and 
other trees. It is of a membranaceous or paper-like 
ftruCture, and fomewhat flelhy. The ftalk, which is only 
.about one or two lines in length, gradually lofes itfelf in 
the cup. It is curved either direCtly or obliquely down¬ 
wards, or, on the other hand,lies in a horizontal direction. 
The cup is about half an inch deep, and three or four 
lines broad; its margin curved inwards: it is of a whi- 
tilh colour, gradually loft in a purple hue, and is thickly 
fprinkled with farina. The external afpeCt of this fun¬ 
gus prefents a dark amber colour deepening into black 
at the ftalk, and growing almoft white at the margin : a 
little below the margin it bulges out confiderably, and is 
furrowed longitudinally; the depreflion being of a dark 
hue, and extending fome way into the ftalk. 
III. Pezizte hirtas. Moftly fmall; the outfide of the cup 
either briftly, hairy, downy, or woolly. 
11. Peziza hemifphaerica: ciuftered, feflile, hemifphe¬ 
rical, clothed with ciuftered brown hairs; dilk glaucous- 
white. Found in autumn, after rains, growing amongft 
mofs on the ground ; but not common. This is among 
the larger fpecies of the prefent feCtion, being fometimes 
an inch or more in diameter, though occafionally not 
bigger than a pea. The indexed margin gives the whole 
fungus nearly an orbicular ftiape, though fomewhat de- 
preffed. The outfide is brown, with a tawny caft, and 
clothed with ciuftered, fliort, prominent hairs; the dilk 
concave, of a Angular pearly or glaucous white. 
12. Peziza rhizopus; (Albertini and Schweiniz.) 
Grows in a clofely-compaCted tuft, the individual fungi 
often coalefcing. Each fungus is about the fize of a pea, 
connected with the wood (oak or beecii) on which it 
grows by a fliort, conical, and recumbent, (talk. The 
external part of the cup is covered with a black flaxy 
tegument, which is thickly ftudded with tubercles of red 
woolly feta: thefe are of red colour; and, becoming 
gradually thinner as they defeend, are quite abfent at the 
bafe of the fungus. The black tegument of the cup is 
ltretched downwards (its hairs at the fame time becoming 
longer and blacker,) in fuel) a manner as to hide the linali 
(talk. The cup, the margin of which is incurved even to 
depending, is, in the early part of the feafon, of a (hining 
black ; but, as it expands, it becomes of an olive colour. 
See a congeries of thefe fungi, of the natural fize, at fig. 5, 
and a Angle one magnified at fig. 6- 
13. Peziza fcutellata : feflile, nearly flat, orange-red; 
rough externally with black fpreading briftles. This 
fpecies is not uncommon on wet rotten wood. It grows 
generally more or lefs difperfed, about the fize of a large 
fplit pea, and is nearly hemifpherical at firft, fixed by a 
central black fibrous root. The pale fcarlet dilk, which 
becomes gradually flattened, and the remarkable black 
briftles, which arife from the outfide and overtop the 
margin, cannot fail to ftrike the moft incurious obferver. 
14. Peziza ftercorea : fefiile, concave, orange-coloured; 
rough externally with fliort, nearly upright, brown briftles. 
Common upon the dung of horles and cows, in low wet 
paftures. Moft authors confound this with the laft, 
from which it differs in its place of growth, fmaller fize, 
more concave and paler dilk ; as well as in the fliortnefs, 
bluntnefs, and lighter hue, of the external briftles. 
15. Peziza coccinea : (talked; turbinate or funnel- 
fliaped, white and downy; difk concave, crimfon ; mar¬ 
gin fomewhat crenate. Found on rotten (ticks, imbedded 
among dead leaves, early in the fpring. This is one of 
the moft elegant of the whole order of Fungi, whether we 
confider its delicate downy outfide, whole pure white is 
partly tinged with a pale blufti, or the vivid deep crimfon 
of the difk. The ftalk is often an inch long, or more, 
and the diameter of the cup an inch and a half. 
16. Peziza 
