PHASEOLUS. 
high, flexuofe, weak, neither upright nor twining. 
Flowers dirty yellow, the upper part efpecially of the 
banner being brownifh. It grew from feeds fent from 
Conftantinople by Celfing. 
14. Phafeolus tuberofus, or tube-rooted kidney-bean: 
item fcandent, banner revolute, root tuberous, fafcicled. 
Stem flirubby, long, branched. Flowers wholly yellow in 
fubterminatingracemes. Legumes fomewhat compreffed, 
long; not efculent; "but the root is large, and efculent. 
Native of Cochinchina. 
15. Phafeolus Tunkinenfis, or Tonquin-bean: item 
twining, very much branched, leaflets conical, fmall, 
thick; banner revolute, of the fame colour with the ca¬ 
lyx. Stem fhort; flowers white. Native of Tonquin, 
and cultivated in Cochinchina. 
II. Stem ereft, or nearly fo. 
16. Phafeolus nanus, or dwarf kidney-bean : item up¬ 
right, even ; braftes larger than the calyx 5 legumes pen¬ 
dulous, compreffed, wrinkled. Perennial. This fpreads 
out wide, and fupports itfelf without any prop. Flowers 
white; feeds white, with the eye black. It is fown in 
great abundance in the fields of Italy in the month of 
May: but it is a native of the Eaft Indies. Retzius re¬ 
marks, that the charafter taken from the relative fize of 
the brakes is very uncertain ; they being in fome varie¬ 
ties larger, in otherslefs, than the calyx. See N°i. «, |3. 
17. Phafeolus radiatus, or radiated kidney-bean: Item 
upright, round; flowers in heads; legumes cylindric, ho¬ 
rizontal. Stem annual, upright, two feet high, fubcylin- 
drical, grooved, hairy, branched. Flowers dulky yellow/, 
on a long upright common peduncle. Legumes narrow', 
ftraight, acuminate, hairy, brown ; feeds many, greenilh- 
yellow, ovate, fmall. Thunberg obferves, that it varies 
with white and with black feeds. Native of Ceylon, Am. 
boyna, China, Cochinchina, and Japan. 
18. Phafeolus max, or hairy-podded kidney-bean : ftem 
upright, ftraight, angular, liifpid; legumes pendulous; 
rough-haired. Stem and leaves rigid. Flowers pale or 
greenifh yellow'. Legume thick, ending in a beak that is 
curved inwards. Seeds black, the fize of coriander. Max 
is the Spanilh name. Native of India. Cultivated in the 
Apothecaries’ garden at Chelfea, in 1758. It flowers in 
June and July. 
19. Phafeolus Mungo, or hairy-headed kidney-bean: 
ftem flexuofe, round, hirfute; legumes in heads, rough¬ 
haired. The whole plant is covered w'ith hairinefs of a 
colour like red wine. Sterna foot and half high, branched. 
Leaflets roundifh, fomewhat acute both ways, hairy, foft, 
yellowifh-green. Native of the Eaft Indies, China, and 
Cochinchina. 
ao. Phafeolus lathyroides, or fpurge kidney-bean : ftem 
upright; leaflets lanceolate. Stem fomewhat ffarubby at 
bottom, from one to two feet high, branched, ltiff, 
round, fmooth, browm. Flowers in a fort of fpike, alter¬ 
nate, moftly in pairs clofe together, blood-red : banner of 
a paler red ; wings deep red, twice as large as the ban¬ 
ner; keel whitifli. Legume roundifli, aw'l-fliaped. Seeds 
roundifh, feparated, brown. Native of Jamaica in moift 
fandy grounds. Common in the favannas about Spanifh 
Town. 
2i. Phafeolus fphterofpermus, or round-feeded kidney- 
bean : ftem upright; feeds globular, dyed at the hilum. 
Stem about a foot high, branched. Petioles three or four 
inches long pthe odd leaflet is an inch and half broad at 
the bafe, two inches and a half long, on a petiole three 
quarters of an inch longer than the lateral leaflets, which 
are fmaller; they are all very foft, and of a yellowifli- 
green colour. Peduncles axillary, ftrong, nine inches in 
length. Corolla white. Legumes three or four inches 
long, almoft round and ftraight, clay-coloured. Seeds 
very many, almoft round, white with a black eye, not fo 
big as the fmalleft field pea. They are accounted the 
fweeteft and belt food of any of the kidney-beans. Na¬ 
tive of both Indies. 
59 
Propagation and Culture. The three forts which are 
ufually cultivated for early crops, are the fmall white 
dwarf, the dwarf black, which is called the negro-bean, 
and the liver-coloured bean. The ftalks of thefe, never 
being very long, may be planted much nearer together 
than the larger growing kinds, and they require but little 
fupport. Thefe are planted on hot-beds under frames, 
or in pots which are placed in ftoves to come early in the 
fpring, for which purpofe they are better adapted than 
any of the other; but they are not to be compared with 
fome of the others for goodnefs ; but, as they may be had 
at a time when the others cannot be fo well obtained, 
they are generally cultivated in gardens; and, where 
there are not the conveniences of ftoves or frames for 
railing them very early, they are planted in warm borders 
near hedges, walls, or pales, where they will be fit for ufe 
a fortnight earlier than the other forts. 
Next to thefe are the Batterfeaand Canterbury kidney- 
beans ; thefe do not ramble far, and, producing their 
flowers near the root, bear plentifully for fome time. 
The Batterfea bean is the forwarder of the tw'o, but the 
other will continue bearing much longer; they are both 
better flavoured than any of the three former forts ; 
but, when they begin to be large, are very ftringy and 
tough. 
There are two or three forts of kidney-beans cultivated 
with ereft ftalks, which want no fupport, as they do not 
put out any twining ftalks ; thefe are much cultivated by 
the gardeners for that reafon, as alfo for their producing 
a great plenty of pods; but they are inferior in goodnefs 
to all the other, efpecially that fort with black and white 
feeds, whofe pods have a rank flavour, and, when boiled, 
become foft and meally; fo this Ihould never be propa¬ 
gated by perfons of tafte. 
The belt forts for the table are the fcarlet-blofiom bean 
before mentioned, and a white bean of the fame fize and 
fhape, which appears to be only a variety of the fcarlet, 
as it differs in no other refpeft but the colour of the 
flowers and feeds, being equal in fize and flavour. See 
N° 1. ( 3 . And next to thefe is the large Dutch kidney- 
bean, which grows as tall as either of thefe, fo muff be 
fupported by ftakes, otherwife the ftalks will trail upon 
the ground and fpoil. The fort with fcarlet flowers is 
preferable to this in goodnefs, and is alfo hardier; and, 
although it will not come fo early as fome of the dwarf 
kinds, yet as it will continue bearing till the froft puts a 
ftop to it in the autumn, it is much preferable to either 
of them ; for the pods of this fort, when old, are feldom 
ftringy, and have a better flavour than the young pods 
of thofe forts, and will boil greener; and, where this is 
fown in the fame fituation and foil as the Batterfea-bean, 
it will not be a fortnight later. 
All the forts of kidney-beans are propagated by feeds, 
which are too tender to be fown in the open air before 
the middle of April ; for, if the weather Ihould be cold 
and wet after they are in the ground, they will foon rot; 
or if the morning frofts fhould happen after the plants 
come up, they will be deftroyed ; therefore the belt w'ay 
to have early kidney-beans, where there is no conveni- 
ency of frames for raifing them, is to fow the feeds in 
rows pretty clofe upon a moderate hot-bed, the latter er d 
of March or the beginning of April. If the heat of the 
bed is fufficient to bring up the plants, it will be enough ; 
this bed fhould be arched over with hoops, that it may be 
covered with mats every night, or in bad weather. In 
this bed the plants may ftand till they have put out their 
trifoliate leaves, then they Ihould be carefully taken up, 
and tranfplanted in warm borders near hedges, pales, or 
w'alls. If thefeafon proves dry at the time of removing 
them, the plants Ihould be gently watered to forward 
their taking new root, and afterwards they muft be ma¬ 
naged in the fame way as thofe which are lown in the 
full ground. Thefe tranfplanted beans will not grow (o 
ftrong as thofe which are not removed, nor will they con¬ 
tinue fo long in bearing, but they will comeat leaft a 
fortnight 
