72 P HASI 
The feni.il 5 is fmaller tliai) the male, and of a lefs 
elegant plumage; the length twenty-one inches. The 
bill, and bare (pace round the eye, as in the male: the 
general colour of the plumage is brown; the middle of 
each feather paler, or buff-coloured, mottled and barred 
with dark brown : beneath the eye is a broad duflcy 
■white band ; the primequills are black; the fecond quills 
barred with black and ferruginous: the tail is very fhort, 
hardly exceeding the quills in length ; the colour of the 
feathers of it are fimilar to the back : the legs as in the 
male, but furnifhed with a blunt knob in lieu of the 
fpur. 
Thefe birds inhabit India, but in no great plenty, 
being brought from the hills in the northern parts of 
Hindooftan, to Calcutta, as curiofities. Lady Impey at¬ 
tempted, with great probability of fuccefs, to bring over 
with her forne of them to England ; but, a'fter living on¬ 
board the fhip in health for two months, they caught a 
diforder from the reft of the poultry, fimilar to the fmall- 
pox, and died in confequence. The food given them 
during the paflage, was rice in the hulk. Thefe birds 
are known in India by the name of monual, which is 
tranflated, “mouth-piece;” but the male is called by 
fome the golden fowl. They bear cold, but are impatient 
of heat. The cock was never obferved to crow, but had 
a ftrong hoarfe cackle, not unlike that of a pheafant. 
Specimens of the male were in the Leverian Muleutn. 
jo, Phafianus parraka, the parraka-pheafant: brown, 
beneath and crown tawny; tail even. Size of a fmail 
fowl, which it refembles in its bill, legs, and body ; length 
twenty-three inches. Bill dark rufous; eyes brown; 
the general colour of the plumage deep brown on the 
back, and fulvous under the belly : the top of the head 
is fulvous, and the feathers fomewhat long, but not fo as 
to form a real creft. The wings are fliort; the webs of 
fome of the quills incline to rufous ; the tail confifts of 
twelve feathers, is even at the end, about a foot in length, 
and is carried pendent for the moft part: the legs of a 
dark rufous, inclining to black ; claws like thofe of a 
fowl. Thefe birds are found in the unfrequented woods 
of the internal parts of Cayenne, Guiana, and many parts 
of South America. At fun-rife it fets up a very loud 
cry, which is thought to be the loudeft of all birds in the 
new world ; at which time their eyes appear red, as does 
a fmail Ikin under the breaft, which is not at all feen, ex¬ 
cept when the bird makes fuc'h exertions, or is angry. 
This cry is very like the word pan-aqua; and is repeated 
many times together : and often many cry at once, or 
anfwer one another, but moft in breeding-time, which is 
twice in the year; they lay from four to fix eggs; mar¬ 
king the neft in low branches, or ftumps of trees, and 
train their chickens in the fame manner as hens. They 
feed on grain, feeds, and herbs; but feed the young in 
the neft with worms and i’mall infefls. Thefe, with 
many other birds, inhabit the woods by day, coming out 
into the open favannas morning and evening to feed ; 
at which times they are chiefly killed by the natives. 
They may be brought up tame; and their flefii is very 
much efteemed. 
Under the article Penelope, -vol. xix. p. 536. we have 
noticed a peculiarity in the trachea of fome fowls, which, 
inftead of being a fliort uniform cylinder, is lengthened 
much below its ufual iituation, to which it afterwards 
rifes. .This peculiarity is very ftriking in the parraka- 
pheafant, as will be evident on infpe&ing fig. 6 of the 
annexed Plate; where it will be feen, that the windpipe, 
inftead of entering direftly the breaft, as in moft birds, 
paffes over the fide of the left clavicle, and on the outfide 
of the flefliy part of the breaft, being covered only by the 
ikin, then taking a turn upwards, pafles over the right 
clavicle into the breaft, and is diltributed through the 
lungs in the ufual way. In this it differs from the Pe¬ 
nelope criftata, referred to above, where the defcent of 
the windpipe was on the right fide, and the rife on the 
left. The Penelope marail (fee the fame page) is the 
ANUS. 
only bird known to have this conformation extended to 
the female as well as the male. See Linn. Tranf. vol. iv. 
p. 100. 
11. Phafianus Mexicanus, the courier-pheafant: colour 
tawney-white; tail long, gloffy green. This bird is de- 
fcribed by Fernandez, and is faid to be eighteen inches 
long. The general colour of the plumage white, incli¬ 
ned to fulvous; about the tail black, mixed with.fome 
fpots of white; the tail is long, and of a green colour, 
reflefting in fome lights like the feathers of a peacock; 
the wings are fliort. It inhabits the hotter parts of Mex¬ 
ico, and flies flow; but is recorded to outrun the fwifteft 
horfe ; and hence has acquired the name of the courier. 
12. Phafianus criftatus, the crefted - pheafant: brown 
above, reddiffi-white beneath ; vent rufous, head crefted ; 
orbits naked, red ; tail wedged, tipped with yellow. 
This curious fpecies is one foot ten inches in length. 
Bill black ; the head furniflied with a pendent creft, the 
feathers of which are of different lengths, the longeft 
three inches; colour of them brownifli-white ; beneath 
black : round the eye bare and reddifh : the upper parts 
of the body are brown; the under, as far as the belly, 
rufous white; the belly and vent rufous: from the hind 
head to the lower part of the neck behind, each feather 
has a ftreak of white down the middle ; tips of the middle 
and larger wing-coverts white, forming two bars on the 
wing; edge of the wing, half wa}' from the bend, white; 
the quills rufous: the tail cuneiform, ten inches long, 
of the fame colour as the back; all the feathers tipped 
with yellow : the legs black, and not furniflied with 
fpurs behind. It inhabits Mexico, and parts adjacent, 
where it feeds on fnakes: it makes' an howling kind of 
noife, and is found on trees near rivers; the natives ac 
count it an unlucky bird. It is met with chiefly in au¬ 
tumn, and is Paid to pronounce a found not unlike the 
word hoaSl-zin. We learn from others that it may be do- 
mefticated, and is feen in that [fate among the natives; 
and further, that it feeds on ants, worms, and other in¬ 
fers, as well as fnakes. 
13. Phafianus Africanus, the African pheafant: body 
blue-afh, beneath white; head crefted ; two middle tail- 
feathers at the tip, and lateral ones entirely, black. Length 
nineteen inches. Bill [font, fliort, and of a yellow co¬ 
lour; the head is crefted, and each feather which conipo- 
fes it is brown in the middle, and white on the fides. 
The top of the head is biackifh ; the back bluifli afn-co- 
lour, each feather daftied with a black ftripe down the 
Ihaft: chin and fore part of the neck ferruginous; fides 
of the neck whitifli, a little mottled with dark brown ; 
breaft and belly white, daftied down the fliafts with black; 
wings bluifh, fliafts and tips black; the eight firft quills 
are white on the inner webs half way from the bafe; the 
two next white next the bafe; all the reft, lead-coloured 
brown. The tail is near ten inches long, and rounded 
at the end ; the two middle feathers brown, with the 
ends black ; the others wholly black. 
14. Phafianus leucomelanus, the coloured pheafant: 
crefted; black, the feathers edged with white. Lengtli 
twenty-two inches. Bill greenifli white, and hooked in 
fliape; fides of the head naked, carunculated, and red, 
much the fame as in the filver pheafant: the feathers at 
the back of the head are elongated, forming a-creft, 
which bangs down behind. The head, throat, and hind 
part of the neck, are black; the back, rump, and wing- 
coverts, the fame, flightly edged with white; prime 
quills dulky brown; tail large, even at.the end, and 
black; the fore part of the neck, breaft, and belly, co¬ 
vered with longifli fliarp-pointed feathers, which are 
black in the middle, deeply edged on the fides with white; 
thighs black ; legs dark brown, armed with fpurs; claws 
curved and black. Inhabits India. 
15. Phafianus variegatus, the variegated pheafant: 
black ; front red; neck and back glofly green ; tail com- 
preffed, afcending, the coverts hanging down each fide. 
The caruncle includes the eyes and is continued up¬ 
wards 
