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they can find no fruit in the mountains, they go down 
to the fea to catch crabs and oyfters ; and, that the oyfters 
may not clofe and catch their paws, they firft put in a 
(tone to prevent their (hutting clofe: they take crabs by 
putting their tail in the holes where they lie, and when 
the crab lays hold of it, they draw him out. There are 
alfo great numbers of civet-cats in fome of the iflands. 
The bird called tavan, is a black fea-fowl, fomething lefs 
than a hen, and has a long neck; it lays its eggs in the 
fand by the fea-fide, forty or fifty in a trench, and then 
covers them, and they are hatched by the heat of the fun. 
They have likewife the bird faligan, which builds her 
neft on the fides of rocks : this is a fpecies of fwallow, 
the nefts of which are fo much efteemed in the eaft, being 
a kind of jelly that diflolves in warm water. The Spa¬ 
niards have introduced feveral of the American fruits, 
which thrive here as well as in America ; the cocoa or 
chocolate-nut particularly, which increafes fo that they 
have no occafion now to import it from Mexico. Here is 
alfo the fountain-tree, from which the natives draw water; 
and there is likewife a kind of cane, by the Spaniards 
called vaxuco, which, if cut, yields fair water enough for 
a draught, of which there is plenty in the mountains, 
where water is mod: wanted. The orange, lemon, and 
feveral other trees, bear twice a-year. A fprig, when 
planted, becomes a tree and bears fruit in a year’s time; 
fo that, without any hyperbole, it may be affirmed, that a 
more luxuriant verdant foil can fcarcely be conceived. 
The woods are filled with old, large, and lofty, trees, and 
i'uch as yield more fultenance to man than is to be found 
in almoft any other part of the world. Thefe iflands, 
however, befides their other inconveniences, of which 
they have many, are fubjeft to earthquakes, which 
often prove very fatal. See Lu$on and Manilla. Gen- 
til's Voyage dans les Mers de I’Inde, J'ait par ordre da Hoi 
en 1761 et 1769. Paris, 1781. 
PHILIP'PINES, a religious fociety of young women 
at Rome, fo called from their taking St. Philip de Neri 
for their prote&oY. The fociety confifts of 100 poor 
girls, who are brought up, till they are of age to be mar¬ 
ried or become nuns, under the diredtion of fome reli¬ 
gious women, who teach them to read, write, and work, 
and inftrudt them in the duties of Chriftianity. They 
wear a white veil, and a black crofs on their breafts. 
PHILIP'PINES (New)- See Pelew Islands. 
PHILIP'PISTS, a fedl or party among the Lutherans ; 
the followers of Philip Melandlhon. He had ftrenuoufly 
oppofed the Ubiejuifs, who arofe in his time; and, the 
difpute growing ftill hotter after his death, the univerfity 
of Wirtemberg, who efpoufed Melandfhon’s opinion, 
were called by the Flacians, who attacked it, Philippi/ls. 
To PHIL'IPPIZE, v.n. [from philippic."] To declaim 
againft; to utter or write invedfives.—I know they fet 
him [Dr. Price] upas a fort of oracle; becaufe, with the 
belt intentions in the world, he naturally philippises, and 
chaunts his prophetick long in exadl unifon with their 
defigns. Burke on the Fr. Revolution. 
PHILIPPOP'OLI. See Filippopoli. We are told 
that this town was fwallowed up by an earthquake in 
March 1818. 
PHILIPPOP'OLIS, in ancient geography, a town in 
the interior of Thrace, according to Ptolemy, who fays 
that it recognized Philip, the Ion of Amyntas, for its 
founder or its reftorer. It was fituated on the Hebrus.— 
Alfo, a town of Arabia, mentioned in the adds of the 
council of Chalcedon. 
PHILIPPOW', a town of Lithuania : forty miles weft 
of Grodno. 
PHIL'IPS (Fabian), author of feveral books relating 
to ancient cultoms and privileges in England, was born 
at Preftbury in Gloucefterlhire, Sept. 28, i6ot. When 
very young, he fpent fome time in one of the inns of 
Chancery, and went from thence to the Middle Temple, 
where he became learned in the law. In the civil wars, 
he was a bold aflertorof the king’s prerogative; and was 
fo ftrongly attached to Charles I. that, two days before 
that monarch was beheaded, he wrote a proteftation 
againft the intended execution, and caufed it to be prin¬ 
ted, and affixed to polls in all public places. He likewife 
publilhed, in 1649, 4to. a pamphlet entitled, “ Veritas 
Inconcuffa; or, King Charles I. no Man of Blood, but a 
Martyr for his People;” which was reprinted in 1660, 
8vo. In 1663, when the courts ofjufticeat Weftminfter, 
efpecially the chancery, were voted down by Oliver’s par¬ 
liament, he publilhed, “ Confiderations againft the diflol- 
ving and taking them away for which he received the 
thanks of parliament. He was for fome time filazer for 
London, Middlefex, Cambridgefliire, and Huntingdon- 
fliire ; and fpent much money in fearching records, and 
writing in favour of the royal prerogative. The only 
advantage he received for this attachment to the royal 
caufe was, the place of one of the commilfioners for re¬ 
gulating the law, worth 200I. per annum, which only 
Lifted two years. After the reftoration of Charles II. 
when the bill for taking away the tenures was depending 
in parliament, he wrote and publilhed a book to Ihovv the 
neceffity of preferving them, entitled, “ Tenenda non tol- 
lenda; or, the Neceffity of preferving Tenures in capite, 
and lay knight’s-fervice, which, according to their firft 
inftitution, were, and are yet, a great part of the faint 
populi, See. 1660,” 4to. In 1663, he publilhed, “The 
Antiquity, Legality, Reafon, Duty, and Neceffity, of Pre¬ 
emption and Pourveyance for the King,” 4to. and after¬ 
wards many other pieces upon fubje6is of a fimilar kind. 
He affifted Dr. Bates in his Flenchus Motuum ; efpecially 
in fearching the records and offices for that work. He 
died, Nov. 17, 1690, in his 89th year. He was a man 
well acquainted with records and antiquities ; but his 
manner of writingls neither clofe nor well digefted. He 
publilhed a political pamphlet in 1681, entitled, “ Ur fa 
Major et Minor ; (Lowing that there is no fuch Fear, as 
is fadtitioufly pretended, of Popery and arbitrary 
Power.” 
PHIL'IPS (Catharine), an Englifli lady of great wit 
and accomplilhments, but chiefly diftinguiflied for her 
Ikill in poetry, was the daughter of Mr. John Fowler, 
merchant, born at London in January 1631, and edu¬ 
cated at a fchool at Hackney. She married, while very 
young, James Philips, of Cardigan, efq. and went with 
the vifeountefs of Dungannon into Ireland, where ffie 
tranflated Corneille’s tragedy of Pompey into Engliffi, 
which was feveral times adted there with great applaule. 
She tranflated alfo the four firft adds of Horace, another 
tragedy of Corneille, the fifth being done by fir John 
Denham. This excellent and amiable lady, for fuch it 
feems flie was, died of the fmall-pox in London, the 22ft 
of June 1664, much and juftly regretted; “having not 
left (fays Langbaine) any of her fex her equal in poetry. 
She not only equalled (adds he) all that is reported of the 
poetefles of antiquity, theLelbian Sapphoand the Roman 
Sulpitia, but juftly found her admirers among the great- 
eft poets of our age.” Cowley wrote an ode upon her 
death. Dr. Jeremy Taylor had addrefled to her his 
“ Meafures and Offices of Friendlhipthe fecond edition 
of which was printed in 1657, i2mo. She alTumed the 
name of Orinda. In 1667 were printed, in folio, “ Poems 
by the moft defervedly admired Mrs. Catharine Philips, 
the matchlefs Orinda. To which is added Monfieur 
Corneille’s Pompey and Horace, tragedies. With feveral 
other tranflations from the French and her pidture be¬ 
fore them, engraven by Faithorne. There was likewife 
another edition in 1678, folio; in the preface of which 
we are told, that “ ffie wrote her familiar letters with 
great facility, in a very fair hand, and perfect orthography; 
and, if they were collected with thole excellent difeourfes 
Ihe wrote on feveral fubjects, they would make a volume 
much larger than that of her poems.” In 1705, a fmall 
volume of her letters to fir Charles Cotterel was printed, 
under the title of “ Letters from Orinda to Poliarchus.” 
The editor of thefe letters tells us, that “ they were the 
3 effect 
