96 PHI' 
erti extremity of the parifh, in an avenue of the port of 
Playle, is the foundry, where are call all kinds of iron 
and brafs utenfils. In the fouthern part of the faid pa- 
rifli, about feven miles fouth-weft of Carnbourne, and 
about four miles north-eaft of Marazion, in the great 
road leading from Cambonrne thither, is Gurling, an 
elegant villa, the refidenceof Capt. Babb. Treloweth, a 
tin fmelting-houfe, is one mile weft of Hayle river, and 
fix miles north of Penzance, where vaft quantities of 
black tin are fmelted and refined to white. Wilkes's Bri- 
tijh Dire&oryi vol. ii. 
PHIL'LEIGH, a village in Cornwall, five miles from 
Grampound. 
PHIL'LIPS’s ISLAND, an ifland in the South Pacific 
Ocean, difcovered in 1804. by Mr. John Turnbull, who 
named it thus “ in compliment to the late fheriff of Lon¬ 
don, fir Richard Phillips;” and he, in his review of Mr. 
Turnbull’s book, candidly confefler, that, “for any fer- 
vices rendered to him by humanity in executing the du¬ 
ties of an important public office, heJias received more 
diftindtion in the Pacific Ocean than in Great Bri¬ 
tain ; but a prophet is not without honour, fave in his 
own country !” Lat. 16. 24.. S. Ion. 143. 57. W. 
PHIL'LIS, in ancient geography, a country of Thrace, 
in the vicinity of mount Pagaeus. 
PHIL'LYR A, one of the Oceanides, beloved by Saturn. 
The god, to efcape from the vigilance of Rhea, changed 
himfelf into a horfe, to enjoy the company of Pbillyra, by 
whom he had a fon, half a man and half a horfe, called 
Chiron. Phiilyra was fo afliamed of giving birth to fuch 
a monfter, that fhe entreated the gods to change her na¬ 
ture. She was metamorphofed into a tree, called by her 
name among the Greeks. Hygin. Fab. 138. 
PHILLYRE'A, f. [of Diofcorides, fuppofed to be fo 
called from Phiilyra , the mother of Chiron. The mo¬ 
dern Greeks know this ftmib under the name of (pvXMxa ..] 
Mock Privet; in botany, a genus of the clafs diandria, 
ordermonogynia, natural order of fepiarise,/.»»i.(jafmineae, 
JuJ] 1 ) Generic charadters — Calyx: perianthium one- 
leafed, tubular, four-toothed, very fmall, permanent. 
Corolla: one-petalled, funnel-form; tube fcarcely any; 
border four-parted, revolute, acute; fegments ovate. 
Stamina: filaments two, oppofite, ftiort ; anther® fimple, 
eredt. Piftillum mgerm fuperior, roundifh; ftyle fimple, 
the length of the ftamens ; ftigma thickifli. Pericarpium : 
berry ovate-globular, two-ceiled. Seeds folitary, fiattiffi 
on one fide, convex on the other, one of them, frequently 
abortive.— Effefilial Character. Calyx four-toothed ; 
corolla four-cleft; berry (or drupe) two-celled; feeds foli¬ 
tary. There are three very diftir.dl fpecies, befides varieties. 
1. Phillyrea media, or lance-leaved phiilyrea: leaves 
oblong-lanceolate, entire, and ferrate. This rifes to an 
equal height with the third fort, which is commonly 
called the true phillyrea; but the branches are more 
diffufed, and have a darker bark : the leaves are of a 
darker green, are more than two inches long, and almoft 
an inch and a half broad, a little ferrate on their edges, 
oppofite, on ftiort footftalks. Flowers axillary, in long 
bunches, of an herbaceous white colour. 
Mr. Miller has two other fpecies, which are varieties 
of this, namely the privet leaved and olive-leaved. Thefe 
are of humbler growth, feldom more than eight or ten 
feet high. 
a.. Ph. liguftrifolia. The branches of the privet-leaved 
are weaker, and fpread wider, and are covered wfftli a 
light-brown bark. The leaves are ftiff, almoft two inches 
long, and half an inch broad in the middle, drawing to a 
point at both ends, and fit clofe to the branches. Flow¬ 
ers in little axillary clufters, fmall, and whiter. 
(S'. Ph. oleasfolia. In the olive-leaved, the branches 
are ftronger, and fpread out wider; the bark is of a 
lighter colour; the leaves are ft iff, fmooth, and entire, 
on very fhort footftalks, of a lucid green, and terminating 
in a point. Flowers in clufters, on pretty long peduncles, 
.from the axils of the young branches, fmall and white. 
P H I 
S. y. In Mr. Aiton’s Catalogue of the Royal Garden 
at Kew, where this genus is very accurately detailed, two 
other varieties are added, namely, the Ph. virgata, or 
long-branched, with long upright branches; and the 
Ph. pendula, or drooping, with the branches hanging 
down and ftraddling. 
2. Phillyrea anguftifolia, or narrow-leaved phillyrea : 
leaves linear-lanceolate, quite entire. Stalk ten or twelve 
feet high, fending out oppofite branches, covered with a 
brown bark fpotted with white. Leaves fmooth, ftiff, 
narrow, entire, feffile, about an inch and a halfilong, and 
half an inch broad in the middle, drawing to a point at 
both ends, of a light green, and pointing upwards. The 
flowers come out in clufters at each joint of the branches, 
fitting clofe like whorled flowers, and almoft furrounding 
them ; they are fmall and yellow. This is reprefented on 
the annexed Plate, with the caterpillar of the Phalsena 
quercifolia, in its different ftates, male and female, feeding 
thereon. See Phalzena, Plate II. fig. 6. for the perfect 
moth. 
3. Phillyrea latifolia, broad-leaved phillyrea, or mock 
privet: leaves ovate-oblong, fubcordate, ferrate. The 
true phillyrea, fo called to diftinguifh it from the Alater- 
nus, which the gardeners call Amply phillyrea, rifes with 
a ftrong upright Item to the height of eighteen or twenty 
feet, dividing into feveral branches, covered with a fmooth 
greyifli bark. Leaves entire (or obfeurely ferrate), firm, of 
a light green, an inch and a half long, and an inch broad, 
on (hort footftalks. Flowers axillary, on each fide, of an 
herbaceous w'hite colour, in fmall clufters; they come out 
in March, and being fmall make no great appearance. 
13. Ph. fpinofa, or prickly broad-leaved phillyrea, is as 
high as the fmooth one, and fends out feveral ftrong 
branches, which grow eredt, and are covered with a grey 
bark. Leaves an inch-and a half long, and an inch broad, 
firm, of a lucid green, and ferrate, each ferrature ending 
in a fpine. 
y. Mr. Aiton adds another variety under the name of 
Ph. obliqua, or ilex-leaved phillyrea. 
Thefe flirubs were cultivated very early in our gardens. 
Gerard fays that he planted them at Barne Elmes near 
London, belonging to the earl of Eflex ; and that he had 
them growing in his own garden likewife. 
Propagation and Culture. Thefe flirubs are hardy 
enough 10 thrive in the open air in England, and are 
never injured except the winter's are very fevere, which 
fometimes paufes their leaves to fall, and kills a few of 
the weaker branches, Inn thefe are repaired by new flioots 
the following fummer; fo that there are but fevv'of the 
evergreen-trees which are hardier than thefe, or that de- 
ferve more to be cultivated for pleafure. 
Formerly thefe were either planted againft walls, to 
which they were trained to cover them ; or, if they were 
placed as fta/idards, their branches were (beared either 
into balls or pyramids, like 010ft of the evergreen-trees; 
fo that, when the former old tafte of laying out gardens 
w'as exploded, the evergreens were generally banifhed, 
and for fome years there were but few forts cultivated, 
whereby feveral valuable kinds of evergreen-trees were 
almoft entirely loft in England, and have been with diffi¬ 
culty retrieved fince. In the manner which the ever¬ 
green-trees and flirubs are now difpofed in gardens, they 
have a very fine erfedt, efpecially during the winter-feafon, 
when the other trees are deftitule. of leaves. 
The firft, third, and prickly broad-leaved, forts are 
very proper to intermix with other evergreen-trees of 
the fame growth, to form clumps in paries, or to plant 
round the borders of wood?, which are filled with deci¬ 
duous trees, where, ill the fummer-time, the dark (hade 
of thefe evergreens will make a fine contrail with the 
brighter-green leaves of the deciduous trees; and in 
winter, when the latter are deftitute of leaves, they w'lll 
have a fine effedt, and will be a harbour for birds. Thefe 
may be trained up to Items, fo as to be out of the reach 
of cattle; therefore maybe planted in open places, where. 
