? 
Or, the SCIENCE of SCIENCES, 
Reduced to a complete and permanent Form, on the Principles of Transcendental Philosophy, 
as contained in Kant’s “Critic of Pure Reason.” 
It fhall be for ever: nothing can be put to it, 
Philosophy is a rationed Science, that comprehends 
under it all the rational lciences. It confilts of a fyftem 
of propofitions that refer to the rational grounds of what¬ 
ever prefents itfelf to the mind. It is founded upon Rea¬ 
son alone. 
Philosophy is divifible into Physics, Ethics, and 
Logic. The two former are materiel lciences, which take 
cognizance of external and internal fafts; whereas the lat¬ 
ter is purely formal, and treats only of the form and con¬ 
nexion of our thoughts. 
Physics is the refult of Sense and Understanding, 
it inveftigates every objeft of nature, and is hence called 
Natural Pldlpfophy. Every objedt of nature pre-ents it¬ 
felf to the mind in Time and Space; but whatever is pre- 
ient to the mind muft affe£t the fences, and is called 
Intuition while prefent, and Conception when abfent, 
though ftill in Time and Space., 
Ethics is the refult of Reason. It contemplates 
every object that our moral nature fuggefts to the mind, 
and is hence called Moral Philofophy. No objedt of mo¬ 
rality can be found among the phenomena of Nature, 
that is, in Time and Space; it muft therefore be fought 
for in the mind alone, namely in the Ideas furnifhed by 
Reafon, which are out of Time and Space. Plence the 
freedom of the will. 
Logic is the fcience of the neceflary laws of thinking ; 
and, as it excludes all the objects of thought, it is merely 
formal. It is the felf-knowledge of Understanding and 
Reason, not of their powers to conftitute objects, but 
merely of their formal laws for regulating our thoughts. 
Sense is the faculty which receives the matter of all 
the phenomena of nature; it is therefore pajfive, and has 
only two modes or forms of receiving. It confilts there¬ 
fore of the 
z Receptivities. 
Time Space. 
Understanding is an adtive faculty that gives laws 
to the phenomena of nature. It is erroneous therefore 
to fearch after the laws of Nature among the phenomena, 
for they exift excluiively in the nnderftanding, and are 
difeovered in its twelve connecting activities, which 
are the 
12 Categories. 
Quantity. Quality. Relation. Modality. 
Unity, Reality, Subftance and Accident, Poflibility, 
Multitude, Negation, Caufe and Effect, Exiftecce, 
Totality. Limitation. Action and Re-A&ion. Neceffity. 
Reason is a faculty that aCts quite independently of 
Time and Space. It lifts man out of the fphere of 
Nature, and transfers him to another order of things that 
is free from the neceffity of Nature. It gives laws of 
freedom to the will. It forms ideas of the Immortality of 
the Soul, of a future jiate, and of the Deity. Thus diltin- 
guifliing Man from all other beings of Creation. And it 
does this by its fix pure activities, which are the 
VOL.XX. No. 1355. 
nor any tiling taken from it. Eccl. ill. 14. 
6 Ideas. 
Ahfolute 
Abfolute 
Abfolute Abfolute 
Totality. 
Limitation. 
Subftance, Neceffity. 
Abfolute 
Caufe, 
Abfolute 
Concurrence. 
Mathematics is the fcience of the laws of the Senfi- 
tive Faculty, or of the two mental receptivities, Time and 
Space. No wonder, therefore, that all the phenomena are 
imprefted with mathematical forms, and that mathematics^ 
itfelf is a pure fcience a priori. 
Metaphysics is a pure rational fcience that contem¬ 
plates the rational ground of all that prefents itfelf to the 
mind. Hence we have Metaphyfics of Nature, or the fei- 
ences of Ontology and Cofotology; and Metaphyfics of 
Morals, or the lciences of Pjycholvgy and Theology. Me- 
taphyiics of Morals may more properly be termed Meta- 
phyiies of PraElical Reafon, fliowingthe principles of the , 
poflibility, not only of the defires and inclinations of our 
fenllble nature, or what is termed Happiness, but alfo 
the indifpenfable defire of our practical reafon, or what is 
underftood by Virtue. In (hort, this is the orrly fcience 
which can procure lading fatisfaiftion to Reafon. 
Transcendental Philosophy is the fcience which 
thoroughly inveftigates and completely eftablifhes all the 
Elements of the Mind, or, in other words, the faculties of 
Sense, Understanding, and Reason, and their refults, 
Intuition, Conception, and Idea, together with their appli¬ 
cation. It is therefore in every fenfe of the word the only 
true Philosophy of the Mind. It makes man ac¬ 
quainted with the chief end of his exiftence, and opens 
to his view his ultimate deftination. 
Intuition, Conception, Idea, 
prefentin abfent in out of 
Time and Space. Time and Space. Time and Space. 
When thefe definitions are expanded to their fulleft ex¬ 
tent, they will exhibit the only Key to all true know¬ 
ledge; thus. 
Intuition, 
Every thing prefent in Time and Space, that we feel, fee, 
hear, tafte, or ftnell. 
Conception, 
Every thing abfent in Time and Space, that we think of 
only, but do not touch. 
Idea, 
Every thing out of Time and Space that we think of 
only, but which can never come into Time and Space. 
INTRODUCTION. 
The epoch is at length arrived when we are able to 
give permanent definitions of Philofophy and of the phi- 
lofophical lciences. How muft it excite our aftonifhment 
to refleft that the world has rolled on in its courfe for fo 
F f many 
