phi 
There were many perfons of the name of Philoftrafus 
among- the ancients; and there were many other works 
of the Philoftratus here recorded, but no others are ex¬ 
tant befides thofe we have mentioned. 
PHILOTECH'NUS, /. [from the Gr. to love, 
and art.] An encourager of arts. Scott. 
PHILOT'ERA, in ancient geography, a town in the 
vicinity of the Troglodytes, placed by Ortelius on the 
Cimmerian Bofphorus, in the environs of Caucafus.— 
Alfo the name of a town placed by Polybius on the lake of 
Tiberias. 
PHILOTHE'CA, f. [from theca, Lat. a (heath, becaufe 
the filaments of the ftamens fpread out below into a na¬ 
ked (heath embracing the (lalk : as thofe filaments are 
fringed with delicate hairs, Dr. Smith (Linn. Tranf. iv. 
221.) called the genus Erioftemon, from the Gr. upon, 
wool, and aT/ipwr, a ftamen. The prefent name was given 
by Mr. Rudge in Linn. Tranf. vol. xi. p. 298.] In bo¬ 
tany, a genus of the clafs decandria, order monogynia, 
natural order rutaceee, Juffl Generic characters—Calyx : 
perianthium inferior, in five deep fegments, nearly equal, 
permanent. Corolla: petals five, ovate, fefiile, regular 
and equal, fomewhat fpreading, moflly five times as long 
as the calyx, fometimes rpugh, inferted under a glandu¬ 
lar neftary, which furrounds the bafe of the germen. Sta¬ 
mina : filaments ten, awl-fliaped, flattened, clothed or 
fringed with fine fpreading hairs; anthers on. terminal 
flalks, roundifh with a fmall point, two-lobed, incumbent, 
fmooth. Piftillum : germen of five lobes, fuperior, (land¬ 
ing on the neftary, each lobe fomewhat ovate, triangular, 
acute, foon fpreading; ftyle central, from the bafe of the 
germen, ereft, cylindrical, elongated after flowering, 
fmooth ; ftigma capitate, with five notches. Pericarpium : 
capfules five, connefted by their bafe, ovate, compreffed, 
coriaceous, of tw'o valves, enclofing an elalfic, cartilagi¬ 
nous, bivalve, arillus. Seeds folitary, kidney-fliaped, 
brown, fmooth.-EJJential Charaflcr. Calyx in five deepfeg- 
ments; petals five, fefiile; ftamens flat, fringed; anthers 
(talked, terminal ; ftyle fron the bafe of the germen ; cap¬ 
fules five, combined, feated on a glandular neftary; feeds 
enclofed in an arillus. There are four fpecies. 
j. Philotlieca falicifolia, or willow’-leaved philotheca 5 
leaves linear-lanceolate, flat, ftraight, naked on both fides ; 
branches fmooth, flowers lateral. Gathered near Port 
Jackfon, New South Wales, by John White, M.D. who 
communicated dried fpecimens to Dr. Smith in 1791 ; 
but it has not yet appeared in the gardens^ Thisisavery 
handfome flowering flirub, with numerous alternate 
wand-like leafy fmooth angular branches. Leaves alter¬ 
nate, from one to two inches long, but little fpreading, 
linear-lanceolate, entire, bluntifh with a fmall point, 
thick.and coriaceous, naked and fmooth on both fides, 
befprinkled with glandular dots, fcarcely veiny,' but 
marked with an obfolete central rib; their bafe tapering- 
down into a fhort flat footftalk. Flowers pink, on (hort 
Ample folitary axillary angular downy brafteated ftaiks. 
Filaments about one third as long as the corolla, red, all 
clothed from the bafe with denfe, white, fpreading hairs, 
'and terminated by a naked, club-fliaped, obtufe, red ftalk, 
w hich in the five innermoft alternate ones is much longer, 
thicker, and more glandular, than thereft, rendering thofe 
ftamens confpicuoufly the longed ; anthers at the top of 
each ftalk, incumbent, uniform, all fertile, ovate, of two 
cells, burfting longitudinally on their inner fide, tipped 
with a fmall pale reflexed fcale or creft. 
2. Philotheca buxifolia, or box-leaved philotheca: 
leaves elliptical, keeled, revolute, with a recurved point; 
branches hairy, round ; flowers lateral. Gathered near 
Port Jackfon, by Dr. White. Of this we have two very 
diftinft varieties; for, confidering the proteus-like nature 
of (he leaves in New-Holland plants, in which alone thefe 
differ, we dare not call them diftinft fpecies. In one, the 
leaves are obovate, narrow at the bafe, bluntly crenate 
and glandular at the edges; in the other they are broadly 
elliptical, heart-lhaped, and embracing the Item at their 
P H I 263 
bafe, generally even and entire at their edges, though 
occafionally furniftied in the very fame manner, with 
blunt glandular teeth. In both the branches are round, 
clothed with fhort prominent hairs. Leaves numerous, 
fcattered, fcarcely half an inch long, coriaceous, nearly 
fmooth, keeled, with a (harp recurved point, and a thick, 
(lightly revolute, margin. Flowers towards the ends of 
the branches, axillary, folitary. Stalks rather (liorter than 
the leaves, thickened upwards, (lightly hairy, with feveral 
minute crowded roundifh fmooth braftes a little above 
their bafe. Petals whitifh or rofe-coloured, almoft as 
large as in the former, but fmooth or very (lightly downy ; 
more fpreading and recurved. Filaments minutely 
fringed, their terminal ftaiks awl-ftiaped, bearing a few’ 
long fcattered hairs ; antherae much like the former, but 
ftiorter, and with a fhorter broader point. Germen 
fmooth, with very pointed lobes; ftyle (liorter than the 
ftamens. 
3. Philotheca Auftralis, or faltwort-leaved philotheca ; 
(Erioftemon falfolifolia, Smith in Rees's Cyclop.) leaves 
crowded, linear, obtufe, flattened above, convex beneath, 
rough-edged, ftraight; flowers terminal. Gathered near 
Port Jackfon, with the laft, in 1810. It feems a more 
humble (limb than either of the foregoing; and has 
angular branches, all over fcarred where former leaves 
have (food ; (lightly hairy when very young. Leaves 
very numerous, fomewhat imbricated, half an inch orlefs 
in length, fleftiy, linear inclining to obovate, obtufe, 
flattifh above, convex beneath, more or lefs rough-edged, 
and fometimes otherwi'fe pubefcent, dotted with fcattered 
glandular points, which in the dried leaves are prominent 
tubercles. The bafe tapers down into a very (hort broad 
footftalk, articulated with a decurrent prominence of the 
branch. Flowers few, terminal at the top of each branch, 
on (hort, Ample, fmooth ftaiks, which are minutely brac- 
teated at their bafe ; fegments of the calyx (hort, broad, 
and acute; petals recurved, downy, pale red with a 
darker keel. Filaments fmooth at the bafe, their upper 
part, and terminal ftaiks, denfely clothed with long 
upright white hairs almoft concealing the antherae, which 
are oblong, with a very minute point or creft. Germen 
fmooth, with obtule lobes. The ftamens in thefe three 
fpecies would afford beautiful fpecific differences, were 
not thofe of the leaves more commodious and obvious. 
The prefent fpecies is reprefented of the natural fize on 
the annexed Plate, from the Linn. Tranf. vol. xi. 1815. 
The fruftification appears in feparate figures, at the 
bottom : a, the flower magnified ; h, the ftamina, without 
the petals ; c, the piftillum magnified ; d , filaments with 
the antherae; e, an anther with its filaments; f, cap¬ 
fules; g-, front and back view of the fame; h, capfule 
laid open ; i, feed with the arillus ; /.-, feed without the 
arillus. 
4. Philotheca paradoxa, or various-leaved philotheca : 
leaves lanceolate, revolute, downy beneath ; Ample, ter- 
nate, or pinnate; flowers lateral, four-cleft; ftamens 
eight. Sent from Port Jackfon, New South Wales, by 
Dr. White. Stem (hrubby, with numerous, oppofite, 
round, rough, leafy branches. Leaves an inch, more or 
lefs, in length, lanceolate, obtufe, entire, fomewhat revo¬ 
lute ; fmooth and naked above; clothed with denfe 
white entangled or (tarry pubefcence beneath. In one 
variety they are Ample, almoft perfectly oppofite, on (hort 
footftalks; in another (mailer, ternate, fefiile on one 
common winged ftalk, which is about half the length of 
the lateral pair; in a third they are as large as in the firft, 
and are either ternate or confift of two pair and an odd 
one, all fefiile on a flmilar, but longer, winged ftalk. 
The pinnate and the ternate kinds are unquestionably but 
varieties of each other, nor can we think the firft a diftinft 
fpecies, however paradoxical our opinion may feem. The 
flowers of all are exaflly alike. Petals four, thrice as 
long as the calyx, elliptical, keeled, rofe-coloured, fmooth- 
i(h above, downy beneath. Filaments eight, all nearly 
equal, rather (liorter than the calyx, red, thick, obtufe, 
4 glandular, 
