271 
P H L O 
gymnofpermia, natural order of verticillatge or labjatse. 
Generic charaflers—Calyx; perianthiutn one-Ieafed, 
tubular, oblong, five-cornered, toothed, permanent; 
involucre below the whorl. .Corolla : one-petalled, rin- 
gent; tube oblong; upper lip ovate, vaulted, incumbent, 
comprdfed, villole, obloletely bifid; lovyer lip ti .‘id ; the 
middle fegment larger, twc-lobed, blunt; the fide ones 
final!, more acute. Stamina: filaments four, concealed 
under the upper lip, of which two are longer; anthers 
oblong. Piltillum: germ f'qur-parted; ftyle the length 
and iituation of the Itamens ; ltigma bifid, acute; the 
lower cleft longer. Pericarpium none; the calyx con¬ 
taining the feeds at the bottom. Seeds four, oblong, 
three-fided. It differs from Leonurus by the want'of 
points on the anthers.— Effential Character. Calyx an¬ 
gular; corolla, upper lip. incumbent, compreffed, vil- 
iofe. There are twenty-fix fpecies. 
i. Phlomis fruticola, flirubby phlomis, or Jerufalem 
fage: leaves roundifh, tomentole, erenate; involucres 
lanceolate; Hem flirubby. Mr. Miller makes three fpecies 
of this. The firft has a pretty thick flirubby ftalk, 
covered with a loofe bark, riling five or fix feet in height, 
and divided into many irregular branches, which are 
four-cornered and woolly when young, and afterwards 
become woody : their joints are pretty far afunder; at 
each of tliefe are placed two roundilh leaves oppofite, on 
fliort footffalks; they are woolly on their under fide. 
The flowers come out in thick whorls round the (talks, 
and are yellow ; they appear from June to Augult, but 
the feeds very rarely ripen here. It grows naturally in 
Spain and Sicily. 
ci. P. augultifolia, narrow-leaved flirubby phlomis, or 
Jerufalem iage, does not rife lo high as the other ; the 
branches are weaker; the leaves longer, narrower, and 
rounder; the whorls of flowers fmafler, but the flowers 
of the fame fliape and colour. Tliefe have been long 
propagated in the Englilh gardens. Gerard cultivated 
them in 1597. He calls them French J'age and Jage-mul- 
lein. 
( 3 . P. latifolia. This has a Ihrubby ftalk like the former, 
but much lower, feldom rifing more than three feet and a 
half high, fending out branches on every fide. Leaves 
lioary, broader than either of the former, of an oblong 
ovate form, on pretty long footffalks, and whiter. 
Whorls large, with bigger flowers, the upper lip of which 
is very hairy. 
Dillenius defcribes the ftems as from afoot to two feet in 
height, woody and upright; brandies oppofite, quadran¬ 
gular, viilofe ; leaves thick, at firft hoary, but afterwards 
green on their tipper furface; tbofe on the flow’ering 
branches are green on both fides, on Ihorter and wider 
petioles, bluntly notched about the edge, but the notches 
lcarcely vilible, efpecially on the upper ones; the furface 
wrinkled and liirlute : the twigs on which the flowers 
grow are commonly curved in and reclined : whorls on 
each (lioot two, or fometimes only one, terminating the 
uppermoft branchlets, compoled of feveral broadilli hirfute' 
leaflets, and large flowers of a yellow colour, in a wide 
head. See the annexed Plate. 
a. Phlomis purpurea, or lharp-leaved purple phlomis ; 
Trades lanceolate, acute, pungent; calyxes five-cornered, 
.acuminate; leaves underneath very cjolely woolly. Stem 
rather flirubby, erefit, branched, flightly quadrangular, co¬ 
vered with thick wool, efpecially the younger branches. 
Leaves oppofite, ovate-oblong, obtufe, erenate, netted- 
veined, woolly on both fides, but moll; on the under one ; 
the lowermofl cut off at the bale, but not heart-lhaped ; 
on long footffalks; the upper ones on flicrter. Flowers 
Affile, the fame fize with thofe of P. fruticofa, but pale 
purple. This plant has a (oapy fmell, like the preceding. 
This is the true Ph. purpurea, intended by Linnaeus, 
in the firff edition of the fpecies Planta’tum, but con¬ 
founded in the lecor.d edition with another fpecies, which 
is the next following. It is a native of Spain. Barrelier 
M X S. 
found it in Valentia, Dr. Smith had it from the garden 
of John Coakley Lettfom, M. D. It flowers in June. 
3. Phlomis Italica, or blunt-leaved purple phlomis; 
brades lanceolate, obtufe, unarmed; calyxes truncate, 
pointlefs; leaves woolly on both fides. The leaves are 
lefs diffindrly veined on the under fide in this fpecies 
than in the real P. purpurea, and almoft equally woolly 
on both fides, inftead of being green on the upper ; the 
lowermoft are liearr-ftiaped at the bafe. Brades blunt, 
by no means pungent; half as long as the calyx, which 
is alfo remarkably obtufe. Native of Italy and Portugal. 
Common in our gardens ; and cultivated by Mr. Edward 
Morgan about 1661. It flowers from June to Auguft. 
4. Phlomis Niflblii, or Niflblian phlomis: root-leaves 
cordate-fagittate, tomentofe, viilofe on both fides. Root 
perennial, as are alfo the lower leaves, which do not arife 
from the root immediately, but ffand in cluffers upon 
fliort, trailing, woolly branches; they are placed without 
order on very long downy footffalks ; are heart-fhaped, 
downy on both fides, four inches long, and two broad 
towards the bafe, Stalks annual, (lender, a foot high. 
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, decreafing in fize to the top, 
where they are not half an inch long. The (talks gene¬ 
rally fend out tw'o fide-branches oppofite, near the bottom; 
and from this divifion to the top have thin whorls of yel¬ 
low flowers, not clofely joined together, but each flower 
ftands feparate. The flowers appear in June and July, 
but there are feldom any feeds produced in England. It 
grows naturally in the Archipelago, and. alfo in Spain, 
from both which countries Mr. Miller received the feeds: 
it was cultivated by him in 1759. 
5. Phlomis lychnitis, or f3ge-leaved phlomis: leaves 
lanceolate, tomentofe; floral leaves ovate; involucres 
briftle-ftiaped, woolly. This has the habit of the firft fpe¬ 
cies, but the leaves are narrower; the corolla is lcarcely 
bigger than the calyx. Leaves oblong, rufiet-coio.ured, 
cottony. Flowers of a golden colour, liandfome, and 
very apparent. The dry leaves are ufed for wicks ; hence 
the trivial 11 am e lychnitis, and the Spanifh candilcra. Na¬ 
tive of the foutii of France, Italy, Spain, and Portugal. 
Cultivated in 1731 by Mr. Miller: it flowers from June 
to Auguft. 
6. Phlomis laciniata, or jagged-leaved phlomis: leaves 
alternately pinnate; leaflets jagged; calyxes woolly. Stalk 
a foot and half high, decays in the autumn, but the lower 
leaves continue all the year. Flowers in whorls; corolla 
of a dufky purple colour; they appear in June, but the 
feeds do not ripen here. It was difeovered by Tourne- 
fort in the Levant, whence be fent the feeds to the 
royal garden at Paris. It was cultivated in 1731 by Mr. 
Miller. 
7. Phlomis Sarnia, or Samian phlomis: leaves ovate, 
tomentofe underneath; involucres awl-fhaped, ffriff, 
three-parted. Sterq upright, hirfute, four-cornered, her¬ 
baceous. Leaves very large, petioled, cordate, erenate, 
(harpifli ; above greenifh, with very fliort viilofe hairs 
flattered about; beneath tomentofe, lioary. Whorls 
many-flowered, axillary, and terminating ; corolla violet- 
coloured, of the fame fize and fliape with that of P. fru¬ 
ticofa, villofe-tomentofe. This and the preceding, having 
been trulfed to warm borders, were deftroyed by the 
fevere winter of 1740. It was difeovered by Tournefort 
in the ifland of Samos; and Desfontaines has fince found 
it in Barbary. Mr. Miller cultivated it in 1743. 
8. Phlomis herba venti, or rough-leaved phlomis: 
involucres briftle-fliaped, hifpid; leaves ovate-oblong, 
rugged ; Item herbaceous. Root perennial: when large, 
it lends up a great number of lquare ftalks, covered with 
a hairy down, and having Affile leaves on them. Leaves 
wide, erenate, dufky, and not very viilofe. Stems high, 
and branched. Flowers red, dufky, and fomewbat viilofe. 
A variety with yellow flowers is figured in Ruffell’s 
Aleppo, r. 16. Native of the Couth of France; Miller 
adds Italy ; Linnaeus, Perfia and Tartary. D’Affo found 
