P H L 
273 
P H L 
faid to be fibrous, and the ftem fometlmes above five 
cubits high ; both very remarkable differences from the 
humble Ph. tuberofa. The downinefs of the ftem is but 
flight in our plant, which was gathered by Gerber in the 
deferts of Tula, Jebz, &c. towards Mount Taurus. 
Propagation and Culture. Jerufalem fage was formerly 
kept in pots, and houfed in winter with other exotic 
plants 5 but of late years it has been planted in the open 
air, where it is feldom injured by cold, unlefs in very 
fevere winters; fo it is intermixed with other ihrubs of 
the fame growth in fhrubberies, where it adds to the 
variety; for, as thefe fhrubs retain their hoary woolly 
leaves all the year, they make a good appearance in 
winter; and their yellow flowers, which continue great 
part of the fummer, being intermixed with their hoary 
leaves, have a good effeft. Thefe fhrubs fhould have a 
dry foil,' and a warm fheltered fituation, otherwife they 
will not live in the open air. They are propagated by 
cuttings, which if planted in a bed of light earth in April, 
juft before the plants begin to flioot, and covered with 
mats to fcreen them from the fun every day, as alfo to 
obferve when the ground is dry to give them water gently, 
they will get good roots in about two months or ten 
weeks, when they may be carefully taken up, and tranf- 
plarited into a nurfery, where they may remain one year, 
and then be removed to the places where they are 
defigned to ftand, for thefe plants will not bear tranf- 
planting at a greater age. 
2, 3. May be propagated and treated in the fame way, 
only the latter is more impatient of cold : indeed both 
are deftroyed by fevere froft in the open border, and there¬ 
fore muft have fome protection there occafionally, ora 
plant may be kept in the green-houfe to guard againft 
accidents. 
8. This may be increafed by parting the roots in 
autumn, when the ftalks begin to decay, that the plants 
may get root before the froft comes on; but it fhould 
not be parted oftener than every third or fourth year, if 
it be expefted to have many flowers. It is hardy, and 
may be planted in expofed places, but not in moift 
ground. 
9. Sow the feeds upon an eaft border in the fpring: 
keep the plants clean from weeds, and ir. the autumn 
tranfplant them where they are to remain ; the following 
fummer they will produce flowers and feeds. This fort 
is very hardy, and will thrive in almoft any foil or fitu¬ 
ation. 
10 to 18. Thefe, being natives of hot countries, muft 
be kept in the bark ftove. Several of them are annuals, 
and can only be propagated by feeds procured from the 
countries where they grow. 
19, 20. Thefe, are increafed by cuttings planted in 
July; after the plants have been fo long expofed to the 
open air as to harden the fhoots, they will take root very 
freely. Plant them in a loamy border with an eaftern 
afpeCl; and, if they are clofely covered with a bell or 
hand glafs to exclude the air, and are (haded from the 
fun, it will forward their putting out roots ; but, when 
they begin to (hoot, raife the glaffes to prevent their 
drawing up weak, and by degrees expofe them to the 
open air. As foon as they have taken good root, take 
them up, and plant each in a feparate pot, filled with foft 
loamy earth, and placed in the (hade, till the plants have 
taken new root; then remove them to a fheltered fituation, 
where they may remain till OCtober, when they muft be 
removed into the green-houfe, and afterwards treated as 
the myrtle,and other hardy green-houfe plants; obferving 
to water the 19th fort plentifully. 
All the fpecies are ornamental plants, when properly 
difpofed in gardens and plantations. There is generally 
a fucceflion of flowers on them for two or three months ; 
and their hoary leaves, intermixed with plants whofe 
leaves are green, make a good contrail:. See Ballota. 
PHLOX, f. [Gr. flame, from the bright or fiery hue 
of the flowers in fome fpecies.] Lychnidea, or Base 
Vol. XX. No. 1367. 
Lychnis; in botany, a genus of the clafs pentandria, 
order monogynia, natural order of rotaceae, (polemonia, 
Juff.) Generic characters—Calyx: perianthium one- 
leafed, cylindrical, ten-cornered, five-toothed, acute, per¬ 
manent. Corolla: one-petalled, falver-lhaped; tube 
cylindrical, longer than the calyx, narrower below, curved 
in; border flat, five-parted; fegments equal, blunt, 
fhorter than the tube. Stamina : filaments five, within 
the tube of the corolla, two longer, one fhorter; anthers 
in the throat of the corolla. Piftillum : germ conical; 
ftyle filiform, the length of the ftamens; ftigma trifid, 
acute. Pericarpium: capfule ovate, three cornered, three- 
celled, three-valved. Seeds folitary, ovate.— EJfential 
Charader. Corolla falver-fhaped; filaments unequal ; 
ftig ma trifid; calyx prifmatical; capfule three-celled, 
one-feeded. There are twelve fpecies. 
1. Phlox paniculata, or panicled lychnidea: leaves 
lanceolate, flat, rugged at the edge; ftem even, corymbs 
panicled; fegments of the corolla rounded. Stalk fmooth, 
of a light green, about two feet high, fending out a few 
fide-branches. Leaves near three inches long, and one 
broad in the middle, of a dark green, and feffde. Flowers 
in a terminating corymb, compofed of many fmaller 
bunches, which hpve each a diftindt footftalk, and fupport 
a great number of flowers, which ftand on fhort (lender 
pedicels. Calyx fhort, cut almoft to the bottom into five 
narrow acute fegments. Corolla pale purple, appearing 
late in July, and often followed by feeds which ripen in 
autumn. It is a native of North America, and flowers 
in Auguft and September. It is reprefented on the 
annexed Plate, at fig. 1. 
2. Phlox undulata, or waved-leaved lychnidea : leaves 
oblong-lanceolate, fomewhat waved, rugged on the edge; 
ftem even ; corymbs panicled ; fegments of the corolla 
fomewhat retufe. Flowers blue. Native of North Ame¬ 
rica. Cultivated in 1759 by Mr- Miller. It flowers in 
July and Auguft. 
3. Phlox fuaveolens, or white-flowered lychnidea.- 
leaves ovate-lanceolate, even all over; ftem very fmooth ; 
raceme panicled. Flowers white, moderately fweet- 
fcented. Native of North America. Introduced about 
1766, by Peter Collinfon, efq. It flowers in July and 
Auguft. 
4. Phlox maculata, or l'potted-ftalked lychnidea: leaves 
oblong-lanceolate, fmooth 5 ftem fomewhat rugged ; 
raceme corymbed. Stalks upright, of a purplifh colour, 
clofely covered with white fipots, and about three feet 
high. Leaves about three inches long and one broad at 
their bafe, ending in acute points. Towards the upper 
part of the ftalks are final 1 branches oppofjte, each termi¬ 
nated by a fmall bunch of flowers; but on the top of the 
principal (talk is a long loofe fpilce of flowers, compofed 
of fmall bunches from the axils at each joint; each 
clufter having one common peduncle near an inch long, 
but the pedicels are fhort. The flowers are of a bright 
purple colour, and appear late in July; if the feafon be 
temperate, or the foil moift, they will continue in beauty 
great part of Auguft, but rarely perfeft feeds in England. 
It is probably the fame with the Ph. pyramidalis of 
Smith’s Exotic Botany, ii._ t. 87. faid to be introduced 
from North America by Me'ffrs. Lee and Kennedy, about 
the year 1800; but it was cultivated by Mr. Miller in 
1759. The purple-fpotted ftem, and denfe pyramidal 
clufter of rich purple honey-fcented flowers, render this 
a very ornamental fpecies. 
5. Phlox pilofa, or hairy-leaved lychnidea : leaves lan¬ 
ceolate, villofe; ftem upright; corymb terminating. 
Stalks about a foot high. Leaves narrow, lanceolate, 
ending in acute points, feffde, a little hairy. Flowers 
light purple, appearing at the end of June, but feldqrn 
followed by.feeds in England. Native of North America. 
Cultivated by Mr. Miller in 1759. 
6. Phlox glaberrima, or fmooth lychnidea: leaves 
linear-lanceolate, fmooth ; ftem upright; corymb termi¬ 
nating. Stalks near a foot an da half high, dividing into 
4 A three 
