29G P H R 
through the greater part of their duration. See Galen, 
Comment i. in lib. i. Epidein. 
PHRIDIESG AM', a town of Ruffia, in the government 
of Viborg, on the north coaft of the Gulf of Finland : 
fixty miles weft of Viborg. Lar. 60. 35. N. Ion. 26. 34, E. 
PHRIX'IUM, in ancient geography, a town of Alia, 
on the confines of the Colchide and Iberia, according 
to Strabo; who fays that, in his time, it was called 
Ideeffa , and that it was well fortified. 
PHRIX'US, a town of Alia Minor, in Lycia. Step/i. 
Byz. — A port of Afia, in the Thracian Bofphorus, near 
its mouth in the Euxine Sea. Steph. Byz. —A river of the 
Peloponnefus, in Arcadia, which received the waters of 
the Erafinus, and ran into the fea between Temeniutn and 
Lerna, according to Paufanias. 
PHROLICHI'NO, a lake of Ruftia, in the government 
of Irkutfk : fixty miles north of Barguzinfk. 
PHRON'IMA, a daughter of Etearchus, king of Crete. 
She was delivered to a fervant to be thrown into the fea, 
by order of her father, at the inftigation of his fecond 
wife. The fervant was unwilling to murder the child ; 
but, as he was bound by an oath to throw her into the 
fea, he let her down into the water by a rope, and took 
her out again unhurt. Phronima was afterwards in the 
number of the concubines of Polymneftus, by whom fhe 
became the mother of Battus, the'founder of Cyrene. 
Herodotus. 
PHRON'TIS, f. A word ufed by Hippocrates as the 
name of a peculiar diforder of the general nature of the 
melancholy affeftions. In this cafe, the patient, he fays, 
feels, as it were, a thorn pricking the abdominal vifcera ; 
he is extremely reftlefs and uneafy, and always avoids 
light and company. He dreads being touched, and 
becomes timorous and afraid of every thing; he is mo- 
lefted with troublefome dreams, and imagines that he 
frequently fees fpeflres and frightful objefts. 
PHRONTIS'IERY, or Phrontiste'rion, f . [Greek.] 
Afchool; a feminary of learning. Not in ufe.—Your 
next attempt is made upon England’s grand p/irontijleries, 
feminaries, and feed-plots of learning, the two famous 
flouriftting univerfities, Oxford and Cambridge. Corah's 
Doom, 1672. 
’Tis the learn’d phrontijieriun 
Of moft divine Albumazar. Albumazar. 
PHRUGUNDIO'NES, in ancient geography, a people 
of European Sarmatia, near the fource of the Viftula, 
between the Sulones and the Avarini. Ptolemy. 
PHRURJE'SUM, mountains of Africa, in the interior 
of Mauritania Casfarienfis, fouth-eaft of the mountains 
Maltethubolus. Ptolemy. 
PHRU'RI, a people of Scythia, in the vicinity of the 
Cafpian Sea. 
PHRU'RIUM, a promontory on the fouth coaft of the 
ifle of Cyprus, near Curtam, and north-eaft of the pro¬ 
montory Curias. The term denotes a fortrefs. A town 
of India, on this fide of the Ganges, placed by Ptolemy 
in the interior of the territory belonging to the Arvarni. 
PHRYGANE'A, J'. in entomology, a genus of infefls 
of the order neuroptera. Generic characters—Mouth 
with a horny fliort curved mandible; four feelers ; three 
ftemmata; the antennae are fetaceous, longer than the 
thorax ; wings equal, incumbent, the lower ones folded. 
The genus Phryganea confifts of infefts, which, in 
point of habit or general appearance, bear a confiderable 
refemblance to lome of the Phal^n^e, or moths, and 
particularly to thole belonging to the divifion entitled 
Tineae. They may be diftinguifhed from moths by their 
feelers, as well as by the ftemmata fituated at the top of 
the head. The Phryganea;, before they become inhabi¬ 
tants of the air, have, like the Ephemerae, been aquatic 
animals. Their apartments in the water are fingularly 
conftruCled ; their form is that of a tube, the inward tex¬ 
ture of which is filk, while it is outwardly compofed of 
fand, ftraws, or chips of wood, and open at each extremity. 
3 
PER 
The included larva;, when feeding, protrude the head and 
fore-parts of the body, creeping along the bottom of the 
waters they inhabit by means of fix fhort and flender 
legs: on the upper'part of the back, in moft fpecies, is 
fituated an upright papilla or procefs, ferving as a kind 
ol prop or ftay, preventing the cafe or tube from flipping 
too forward during the time the animal is feeding. 
Thefe larvae feed not only on the fmaller water-infefts, 
but on the fpawn of fifties, and even on the young fry itfelf. 
See th&'figures annexed to this article. When the larva; 
finds its chryfalis ftate approach, it flops up the end’of 
this tube with threads of a loofe texture, through which 
the water may penetrate, while it prevents the approach 
of voracious infeCts. The precautions of thefe aquatic 
larva;, in fecuring themfelves in thefe retreats, are alfo 
neceffary to protect them from fifties, who are very greedy 
of them. Some of the Phryganea; of ftagnated water, 
fuch as lakes and ponds, cut the water-lentil in regular 
iquares, from which they conftruit their edifices. The 
common trout is one of their greateft enemies ; and many 
other fifties covet them fo eagerly, that, when ftripped of 
their cruft, they make excellent bait, and are known to 
fifhermen by the name of cad-bate or caddice. The pupa 
refembles the perfeft infefl, which laft may be feen in a 
fummer’s evening floating in the air in vaft quantities, 
and are moft eagerly devoured by fwallows. There are 
fifty-five fpecies, in two divifions. 
I. Tail with two truncate Bridles. 
1. Phryganea marginata: wings immaculate; body 
brown, with yellowifh fpots on the head, fides of the abdo¬ 
men yellowilh. It is a large infeCl, and found in Ger¬ 
many. The thorax is grooved on the back ; bridles of 
the tail yellowifh, annulate with brown, and as long as 
the abdomen. 
2. Phryganea bicaudata: wings reticulate; body 
brown, with a yellowifh line on the head and thorax. It 
inhabits this country and other parts of Europe, fre- 
quentingequally the banks of rivers and of Handing pools. 
The wings are a third longer than the body, narrow at 
the top, and broad below, and reticulated with brown 
veins. The colour of this infeft is dark brown, with a 
Angle longitudinal ftreak palling acrofs the head and tho¬ 
rax : the antennae are long, filiform, and of the fame 
colour with the legs and body. Barbut adds, that this 
inf'eft carries its eggs in a duller at the abdomen* in a 
fimilar manner with lome fpiders. From that author we 
have copied the reprefentations of this fpecies, fig, 1,2, 
on the annexed Engraving. 
3. Phryganea nebulofa: wings pale cinereous; body 
brown. It inhabits alfo this and other countries in 
Europe. 
4. Phryganea viridis: wings greenifh-hyaline, imma¬ 
culate; body greenifh. This is a l’mall inleft, and inha¬ 
bits Germany. The antenna; are green tipt with black ; 
the head and thorax are green, the latter faintly margined 
with black ; the abdomen and legs are greenifh, 
II. Tail without Bridles. 
5. Phryganea reticulofa : wings fub-ferruginous, reti¬ 
culate with black ; body black. An inhabitant of 
Europe, as is alfo the next. 
6. Phryganea ftriata : wings teftaceous, with darker 
nerves. This is a large fpecies, all over of a dun colour, 
except the eyes. It refembles a Phalasna in the carriage 
of its wings. The antennae equal the body in length, 
and are borne by the infeft ftraight forward, as do mod 
infefls of this genus. The wings are full one third larger 
than the reft of body, and have veins of a colour rather 
deeper than the reft. The feet are large, long, and fome- 
what fpiny. See fig. 3. 
7. Phryganea analis: wings brown, with a white fpot 
near the tail; the nape is covered with golden hair. 
Found in Sweden. 
8. Phryganea fufca ; upper wings browm, immaculate; 
legs 
