PHY 
awl-fhaped, acute, rugged, fomewhat hairy; branches pa- 
nicled, many-flowered. This flirub grows to the height of 
two feet, and is very like the firfl fpecies; but the branches 
are man}-flowered, and the flowers fmnller. 
20. Phylica.fecunda: leaves linear, mucronate, fmooth ; 
heads terminating, hiffute. Found by Thunberg at the 
Cape of Good Hope; .where all the other fpecies are na¬ 
tives. 
Propagation and Culture. As tliefe fnrubs do not pro¬ 
duce feeds in England, they are propagated by cuttings. 
There are two feafons for planting thefe; the end of March 
before the plants begin to (hoot, and the'beginning of 
Auguft, In the firfl: feafon plant them in pots, and plunge 
them infon very moderate hot-bed,cov.eringthefu clofewith 
gtefies,' (hading them in the middle of the day, and refrefh- 
ing them gently-with water: they will put out roots in 
- two months; then inure them to the open air ; and, when 
they have obtained ftrength, take them carefully out of 
thole pots, and plant each in a feparate fmall pot, filled 
with (oft loamy earth, placing them in a (hady fituation 
until they have.taken new hoot ; when they may be re¬ 
moved to a more fheltered place, there to remain till au¬ 
tumn. In the fecond.feafc-n, plant the cuttings in pots, 
which may be either plunged into an old hot-bed or in 
rite ground, covering them clofe as before, and treating 
them in the fame way. When they put our roots it will 
be too late to tranfplant them, and they mud remain in 
the fame pots until fpring. If thefe are placed under a 
hot-bed frame in autumn, where they may be protected 
from froft, and expofed to the open air in mild weather, 
they will fucceed better than when they are more tenderly 
treated. Thefe fhrubs, being too tender to thrive in the 
open air in England, mufl be kept in pots, and boufed in 
winter: but-they require no artificial heat. In futnmer 
they may be placed abroad-in a fheltered fituation. As 
they flower in winter, they make a good appearance in 
the gree-n-houfe or dry ftove at that feafon. The firfl fort 
will live.through the winter, when mild, in a warm fhel¬ 
tered fituation ; but is always deftroyed by fevere frofi. 
See Brunia, and Rhamnus alaternus. 
PI-lYLI'T-fE, in ancient geography, a people of India, 
on this fide of the Ganges: placed by Ptolemy with the 
Bittigi, near the river Nanaguna. 
PHYLLACH'NE, f. [from the Gr. (pvX'Kav , a leaf, and 
ayjii, even a glume ; becaufe it has both leaves and perianth 
like a glume or chaff.] In botany, a genus of the clafs 
dioecia, order monogynia. Generic charadlers—-I. Male 
flowers. Calyx: perianthium three-leaved, fuperior: 
leaflets very fmall, awl-fhaped. Corolla: one-petalled ; 
tube'-gradually-widening- and fpreading; border five-cleft, 
fpreading ; fegments 1 oblong, blunt, the length of the 
tube. Stamina : filament Angle, capillary, eredly the length 
of the corblla, w ith a gland on each flue at the bafe. An¬ 
ther globular, three-grooved. Piftillum : rudiment of a 
germ; ftyie and ftigma none. II. Female flowers, on a 
different plant. Calyx and Corolla: as in the male. 
Piftillum : germ turbinate, inferior. Style filiform, 
ftraighr, the length of the corolla, with a gland on each 
fide at the bafe; ftigma capitate, four-cornered, with four 
tubercles, the two upper ones larger. Pericarpium : berry 
inferior, one-celled, many-feeded. Seeds numerous, 
ovate-oblong, very fmall, fattened to the receptacle.— EJ- 
J'enlidl Chara£lcr. Male. Calyx three-leaved, fuperior;. 
corolla funnel-form. Female. Stigma four-cornered; 
capfule inferior, many-feed’ed. ., 
Phyllachne uliginofa, the only fpecies, defcribed by Fcr- 
fter. It is a very fmall mofly plant, growing in tufts like 
the common polytrichum. Stems clofely approximating, 
covered with imbricate leaves, proliferous into two or 
three branchlets. Leaves fmall, awl-fhaped, crenulate 
with a cartilaginous margin. Flowers terminating, fef- 
file, white. It is a pretty plant, having the ftrudture of 
a mofs all over, but adorned with flowers of a very differ¬ 
ent kind. Native of Terra del Fuego, where it was 
found by Sparrman. Commerfon, wh® named it Stibas, 
Vol.XX. No. 1369. 
P H Y 305 
defcribes the corolla as being Torhetimes fix or feven 
clef t, and the flowers as monoecous, with a Angle ftameii 
on one fide, and a Angle piftil on the other. 
PHYLLAMPKO'RA, f [from «/i/,<papsu?, a wine-jar, 
and (pv AAos>, a leaf.] A name-given by Loureiro, in his 
Cochinch. 606, to the Linnsean Nepenthes, (fee that ar¬ 
ticle,) in alluiion to the pitcher-like appendage to the 
leaf. 
PHYLLAN'THUS,. f. [from the Gr. QvMov, a leaf, 
and apfio?, a flower; the flower growing out of the leaf.] 
In botany, a genus of the clafs monoecia, order trian- 
dria, natural order of iricoccte, (euphorbia?, .Tuff.) Ge¬ 
neric characters — I. Males. Calyx: perianthium one- 
leased, fix-parted, bell-fha-ped, coloured ; fegments ovate, 
fpreading, blunt, permanent. Corolla: none, except the 
calyx be called fb; Stamina : filaments three, fhovter than 
the calyx, approximating at the bafe, d ilia n t at the tips; 
anthera? twin. If. Females. Calyx: perianthium as in 
the males. Corolla: none; nectary a rim of twelve an¬ 
gles, furronndirig the germ. Piftillum: germ roundifh, 
obtufely three-cornered; ftyles three, fpreading, bifid; 
ftigmas blunt. Pericarpium : capfule roundilh, three- 
grooved, tlifee-celled ; cells bivalve. Seeds folitary, 
ronndifh .—Efferdial CharuSier. -Male. Calyx fix-parted, 
beil-fhaped ; corolla none. Female. Calyx fix-parted ; co¬ 
rolla none ; ftyles three, bifid ; capfule three-celled ; feeds' 
folitary. There are twelve fpecies.' 
1. Phyllanthus grandifolia, or great-leaved phyllan- 
thus : leaves ovate, blunt, quite entire ; item arboreous. 
Native of America. 
а. Phyllanthus nutans, or pendulous-flow'ered phyllan¬ 
thus : fhrubby; leaves alternate, oval, glaucous under¬ 
neath ; racemes terminating, -leafy,-nodding; Branches 
(lender, covered with a light-coloured reddifh-brovvn 
fmooth bark, divided into twigs fet with leaves at one- 
third of an inch diftance from each other, two inches 
long, and one inch and a half broad, with one middle and 
feveral tranfverfe ribs of apurple colour; petioles ten 
inches long. Native of Jamaica. 
3. Phyllanthus mimofoides, or mimofa-like phyllan¬ 
thus: Item fhrubby; branches rod-like; leaves pinnate, 
fioriferous. Native of Antigua. ’ 
4. Phyllanthus Conami, or Brafiiian phyllanthus: ftem 
fhrubby, very much branched; branches diffufed ; leaves 
petioled, roundifh, attenuated, but bluntifh at the tip ; 
peduncles fafcicled, axillary. Native of the Weft Indies. 
5. Phyllanthus Niruri, or Barbadoes phyllanthus: 
leaves pinnate, fioriferous; flowers peduncied ; ftem her¬ 
baceous, erecl. Stem annual, about afoot high,branched, 
eredl, roundifh, even. Leaves alternate, diftant. Peti¬ 
oles filiform, bearing both leaves and flowers. Pinnas 
from eight to twelve pairs, alternate, oblong, entire, Ysnsllj 
fmooth; petiolets very fhort; ftipules very minute, in 
pairs, at the bafe of the pinnas, coloured. Flowers on 
very fhort peduncles, axillary, nodding, under the leaves; 
Males and females mixed, but folitary ; calyxes of both 
five-leaved ; leaflets ovate, in the males pale. Thefe-have 
one columnar round filament, and three twin contigu¬ 
ous antherte, with five glands at the bafe of the filament. 
Capfule fix-valved, marked with three lines. Seeds fix, 
oblong, angular. According to Miller, it is an annual 
plant, with an herbaceous ftalk a foot and a half high. The 
leaflets contract every evening, turning their under fide' 
outwards. The flowers are produced on the under fide 
of the leaves along the midrib, and turn downwards. It 
ufually flowers here from June to Odfober. The feeds ri¬ 
pen in fucceflion, and are call out of the capfules, when, 
ripe, with fo much force, as to be thrown to a confidera- 
ble diftance. It is very common in Barbadoes, in the 
mountainous fwamps of Jamaica, on the banks of rivers 
in Hif'paniola, in the Eaft Indies, and Japan. It was cul¬ 
tivated in 1692, in the Royal Garden at Hampton Court. 
It is reprefented on the annexed Plate. 
б. Phyllanthus urinaria, or diuretic phyllanthus : 
leaves pinnate, fioriferous; flowers feflile; ftem herbace- 
4.1 ous, 
