P H Y T 
tlolecl, the upper half embracing. It varies with all the 
leaves fpatulate and blunt. Native of Monte Baldo, and 
the T-yrolefe and Carhiolian mountains. 
7. Phyteuma orbicularis, or round-headed horned 
rampion : root-leaves cordate-toothed ; ftem-leaves linear, 
quire entire; head roundifh; leaves ferrate; root-leaves 
cordate. The long woody root branches near thefurface 
into feveral divifions, each bearing a denfe tuft of pe- 
tioled fmooth leaves, the firft of which are heart-fhaped, 
the reft ovate-lanceolate. Stem fimple, about a foot high, 
erect, flightly angular, clothed with alternate lanceolate 
leaves, the uppermoft very acute, and fomewhat recurved. 
A fingle round head of blue flowers (lands ereft, on a few 
ovate acute ciliate braftes. The parts of fructification 
agree in ftruClure with Campanula, except that the 
corolla is divided at the very bafe, into five linear fpread- 
ing fegments, which in the bud cohere together, forming 
a curved horn, and feparating firft at their lower part. 
Every part of the flower remains permanent, though 
faded, till the feeds are difperfed, or longer. The herb 
is milky, but not acrid. Native of the South of Europe, 
and of England in Surrey, Suffex, and Hampftiire, on 
chalk-downs; as about Leatherhead, on Epfom-downs, 
on the South-downs; found near Maple-Durham in 
Hampfhire by Merrett ; near Sutton and Dorking by 
Blackftone ; on Beacon-hill near Faverlham, Kent; alfo 
between Kinlbury and Harrow, and between Harrow and 
Pinner, in Middlefex ; and between Selbury-hill and 
Beacon-hill in the way to Bath. It flowers in July and 
Auguft. 
The varieties a, and (3 are now confidered as diftinct 
fpecies. 
Ph. Charmelii has the habit of Campanula rotundi- 
folia. Stems thin, channelled, three or four inches long. 
Lower leaves round, heart-fhaped: ftem-leaves narrower 
the higher they are, having fome diftindt hair on their 
borders. Braftes very thin, filiform, a little longer than 
the flowers, which form a fpherical fpike, and are blue. 
Monf. Villars has named it from Monf. Charmed, a fur- 
geon, who ufed this plant with great fuccefs in venereal 
complaints. 
8. Phyteuma repandum, or Olympian horned rampion : 
fp'ke rather lax ; leaves elliptic-oblong, (talked, wavy, 
fmooth ; ftem perfectly fimple, almolt leaflefs. Gathered 
by Dr. Sibthorp on the fummit of the Bithynian Olympus. 
The root is ftrong, woody, and perennial, producing 
many tufts of leaves not unlike thofe of Globularia nu- 
dicaulis, but lefs coriaceous, and fomewhat wavy at the 
margin. Stems folitary, ereCt, ftraight, two, three, or 
four, inches high, fmooth, bearing one or two diftant 
leaves. Flowers blue, in a folitary, ereCt, lax fpike, the 
lower ones often in pairs, and fometimes very remote. 
This fpecies is no-where figured. 
9. Phyteuma ellipticum, or elliptical mountain horned 
rampion : fpike rather lax; leaves elliptical, (talked, 
crenate, rough; ftem perfectly fimple, leafy, hairy. 
Native of the Bithynian Olympus and of Mount Cauca- 
fus. Root fomewhat creeping. Stems, in the wild plant, 
from fix to twelve inches high, ereCt, more or lefs rough, 
with hoary denfe hairs, and bearing many elliptic or 
ovate, ftrongly crenate, roughifh leaves, about an inch 
and a half long, on fringed footftalks of various lengths. 
Flowers deep blue, in a terminal braCteated fpike, ex¬ 
tremely variable in length and luxuriance. In a garden, 
it feems, the ftem becomes fmooth, and the fpike race- 
mofe, with ternate flowers, which laft character occafion- 
ally prefents itlelf likewife in wild fpecimens. Dr. 
Sibthorp’s figure, with about feven flowers, and that in the 
Botanical Magazine, exhibit the two extremes of the 
inflorefcence. 
10. Phyteuma nigrum : head ovate; braCtes briftle- 
(haped; leaves Amply toothed; root-leaves cordate; 
ftem-leaves lanceolate, embracing. The flowering fpike 
is ovate, but it is lengthened out as it advances to matu¬ 
rity. It is a native of Bohemia, and is very diftinCt from 
E U M A. . 367 
all the fpecies in the dark-violet colour of the flower, the 
briftle-fhaped braCtes, and the (hape of the leaves. 
Villars’s figure of Ph. cordifolia refembles this, except in 
head and braCtes. 
11. Phyteuma betonictefolium: fpike oblong; leaves 
Amply crenate; root-leaves lanceolate-cordate; ftem- 
leaves lanceolate. Spike of flowers twice as long as it is 
wide, with very fliort braCtes; flowers fmall, with two 
(tigmas. Native of Dauphine. 
1 2. Phyteuma limonifolium, or fea-lavender horned ram¬ 
pion: (Campanula limonifolia, Linn. C. orientalis, limonii 
minimi facie, flore patulo, 7 'oturi.) Leaves lanceolate,rough¬ 
ifh with reverfed hairs, wavy, and fomewhat toothed ; ftem 
panicled ; flowers feflile, about three together. Gathered 
by Totirnefort in theLevant; by Sibthorp in grafly places 
towards the fummit of the Bithynian Olympus. The 
root is very thick and woody, crowned with numerous 
tufts of narrow', bluntifh, long-ltalked, fpreading leaves, 
about three inches long, and half an inch wide, of a 
bright green ; their fliort rigid pubefcence directed back¬ 
wards, or towards the bafe ; their margin either toothed 
or waved. Stems about a foot high, ereCt, round, fmooth, 
leafy, copioufly branched in an alternate manner; their 
branches fpreading, leaflefs, befet with many fmallifh, 
blue, feflile flowers, two or three together, having yellow 
anthers?, and a rough, reddifh, club-fhaped (tyle. 
13. Phyteuma (picata, or fpiked horned rampion: 
fpike oblong elongated ; ftyles fomewhat hairy, trifid ; 
root-leaves cordate; doubly-toothed. Root yellow on 
the outfide, white within, having fome ovate little tubers 
hanging to it at bottom. Stem upright, not branched, 
a foot and a half high, angular, fmooth. Flowers feflile, 
with a lanceolate bracte; corolla blue, varying to whi- 
tifli yellow. Seeds very numerous, fmall, ovate, fome¬ 
what angular, fmooth, fhining, fubferruginous, darker at 
top and bottom. Native of Germany, Swiflerland, 
Auftria, France, and Italy. The whole plant abounds 
with a milky juice. The root is eaten boiled. Bees are 
fond of the flowers, Cultivated in 1683 by Mr. James 
Sutherland. 
14. Phyteuma ovatum: fpike ovate; ftyles hirfute, 
longer than the flower, emarginate-bifid; root-leaves 
cordate, doubly-toothed. Stem from eighteen inches to 
two feet in height, not branched. Root-leaves on long 
petioles, acutely gafned, like thofe of the nettle. Lower 
item-leaves heart-fhaped, upper ones more (lender, long 
lanceolate. Flower deep violet. Native of Bohemia, 
Swiflerland, and Piedmont. 
55. Phyteuma vifgatum : leaves lanceolate, unequally 
toothed, rugged; ftem rod-like; flowers geminate, feflile, 
fcattered. For the defcription of this plant, fee Campa¬ 
nula virgata, vol. iii. p. 662. 
16. Phyteuma lobelioides : leaves linear-lanceolate, 
toothletted, hifpid; ftem panicled; flowers geminate, 
peduncled, fcattered. Refembles the preceding very 
much ; but differs in having the flowers peduncled, the 
ftem panicled with the branches brachiate, not ftriCt and 
rod-like, and the flowers narrower. Native of Armenia, 
where it was found by Tournefort. 
17. Phyteuma lanceolatum: leaves linear-lanceolate, 
very finely toothletted,_ rugged; Item branched at the 
bafe; branches very fimple, leafy; flowers fcattered, 
geminate, felfile. From the bafe of the rugged (talk arife 
filiform branches leafy to the middle, covered at the top 
with geminate diftant feflile flowers. Found in Armenia 
by Tournefort. 
18. Phyteuma rigidum: leaves linear-lanceolate, ob- 
fcurely toothletted, fmoothifh; ftem quite Ample, leafy; 
flowers fcattered, peduncles three-flowered. The leaves 
appear to be quite entire ; but, when examined by a mag¬ 
nifier, they are found to have very fmall thin-fpread 
blunt teeth on the thickened margin. It refembles the 
preceding very much, but the leaves are fmoothifh, and 
more rigid ; the ftem fimple ; fmooth ; and the peduncles 
fomewhat branched and three-flowered. 
19. Phy teuina 
