P I c 
410; but, the Pi£ls ruining it in the year following, it 
was no longer regarded but as a boundary between the 
two nations. The wall was eight feet thick, and twelve 
high from the ground: it ran on the north fide of the 
rivers Tyne and Irthing, up and down feveral hills: the 
trafl, or remains of it, are to be feen to this day in many 
places, both in Cumberland and Northumberland. 
PI CTA'V I, or Pic'tones, a people of Gaul, in the 
modern country of Poiciou . 
PIC'TET (Benedidf), a learned and eminent proteflant 
divine, was defcended from an ancient and illuftrious 
family at Geneva, where he was born in the year 1655. 
Having paffed through his clafllfcal and pbilofophical 
courfes, in the twentieth year of his age he left his 
native city, with the defign of profiting by the inftrudlions 
of celebrated profefTors in foreign univerfities. During 
the time which he fpent in France, he was introduced 
to the acquaintance of the mod eminent proteflant 
miniflers of the age ; and, upon quitting that country 
for Holland, he attended the leilures of the molt famous 
profefTors in the univerfity of Leyden, and maintained 
his public thefes in the Schools with great reputation. 
From Holland he went to England; and, having re¬ 
turned to Geneva after an abfencc of two years, was 
admitted to the office of the miniltry. In 1679, he was 
received into the number of pallors and profefTors 5 and, 
in the following year, was fettled with the church of 
St. Gervas. About the fame time he formed a matri¬ 
monial connexion ; and, in 1686, his merits recommen¬ 
ded him to the chair of profeffo'r of divinity. The very 
able manner in which he conducted himfelf in this de¬ 
partment, afforded the highefl fatisfa&ion at Geneva, and 
widely extended his fame into foreign countries. Hence 
the curators of the univerfity of Leyden were induced to 
fend him an invitation to become profeffor of divinity in 
their reputable feminary; but he declined their offer, 
out of a fenfe of duty towards his country, which he 
confidered to be entitled to his beft fervices. For this 
ad of patriotic felf-denial he received the thanks of his 
country, which were communicated to him by the mem¬ 
bers of the council. In the year 1690, he was nominated 
refior of the univerfity, and he continued to hold that 
poll till 1694. In 1706, the'Society in England for pro¬ 
moting the Propagation of the Gofpel in Foreign Parts 
admitted him into the number of its members; and in 
1714 he had the honour to be appointed member of the 
Royal Academy of Sciences at Berlin. From the year 
1710, likewife, in addition to his other engagements, he 
had exercifed the office of pallor of the Italian church ; 
and, from the year 1712, that of principal of the diredory 
for making converts to proteftantifm. In the year laft 
mentioned, he was a fecond time appointed to the poll 
of redor, which he retained till 1718. 
The affiduity wit-h which he difcharged the duties of 
his different appointments, and the attention which at 
the fame time he paid to his fludies, and the compofi- 
tion of his various writings, at length undermined his 
health, and brought on him a languifhing diforder, which 
proved fatal to him in 1724, when he was about the age 
of 69, 
By die proofs which he exhibited of bis abilities and 
erudition, he had feeured the refped of all the republic 
of letters. By his tolerant fpirit, his moderation, and 
candour, he gained the elleem of perfons of all parties 
and opinions. By the excellence of his moral and devo¬ 
tional writings, he defervedly acquired a high and emi¬ 
nent reputation. His eloquence was much admired by 
his fellow-citizens, who venerated him for his piety and 
exemplary moral condufl, and loved him for his benevo- 
lency, and for his pleafing amiable manners. Of the 
humble and neceflitous poor, in particular, he was the 
friend and father. Among his numerous edeemed works, 
m Latin and French, are, 1. Theologia Cfiriftiana, 3 vols. 
4to. the belt edition of which is that publifiled in 1721. 
2. Chriitian Morality, 1710,8 vols. izmo. 3. The Hiftory 
PIC 391 
of the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries, 1713, 2 vols. 
4to. intended as a continuation of that of Le Sueur, and 
more highly valued than the work to which it is fupple- 
mentary. 4, Several devotional, pious, and moral, trea¬ 
ties, among which are collections of Prayers adapted to 
various occafions, and The Art of Living and Dying 
well, 1705, nrao. 5. Sermons, 4 vols. 8vo, 6. Differta- 
tions, Orations, Letters, Hymns, See. 
Of the fame family with our author was John-Louis 
Pictet, an advocate of Geneva, who was born in 1739, 
He became a member of the council of two-hundred, a 
counfellor of. ftate, and fyndic ; and died in 1781. His 
inclination leading him to the ftudy of aftronomy, he 
travelled into France and England, for the purpofe of 
perfecting himfelf in that fcience. He left behind him, 
in manufeript, “ A Journal of Travels into Ruffia and 
Siberia, in 1768 and 1769, in order to obferve the Tranfit 
of Venus over the Sun's Difc,” which-is faid to contain 
interelling and lively pictures of men and manners, as 
well as of nature. 
PIC'TOR, f [Latin.] A painter. Cole. 
PICTO'RIAL, aclj. [from piClor, Lat.] Produced by a 
painter.—Sea-horfes are but grotefco delineations, which 
fill up empty fpaces in maps, as many piClorialmwenUons, 
not any phyfical fiiapes. Brown’s Vulg. Err. 
PICTOU', a growing fettlement of Nova Scotia, in the 
county of Halifax, built on the bay of PiCtou, on the 
N.E. coaft of the province, nearly oppofite to theS.E . 
end of the ifland of St. John’s, and about 100 miles 
diltan t from Halifax, with which it has a free and fpeedy 
communication. It contains 40 houfes, and 500 inhabi¬ 
tants, moltly Scots. Formerly it was inconfiderable, but 
now is the molt flourifiiing place in the province. Its 
trade confifts chiefly in the exportation of timber, 
annually (hipped to Great Britain and Ireland, in return 
for which are imported dry goods. Lat. 45. 46. N. Ion. 
62. 13. V/. 
PIC'TURAL, f. [from picture.] A representation. 
Not in vfe. 
Whofe wals 
Were painted faire with memorable geftes 
Of famous wifards; and with piclurals 
Of magiltrates, of courts, of tribunals. Spenfer. 
PIC' LURE, f [piCtura, Lat.] A refemblance of per¬ 
fons or things in lines or colours..—As foon as he begins 
to (pel!, as many pictures of animals fhould be got him as 
can be found with the printed names to them. Locke. 
Madam, if that your heart be fo obdurate, 
Vouch fafe me yet your pi dure for my love. 
The pidure that is hanging in your chamber. Shakefp. 
The fcience of Painting. See that article.—Whofoever 
loves not picture , is injurious to truth, and all the wifdom 
of poetry. Picture is the invention of heaven, the mod 
ancient, and molt a-kin to nature. Picture took her 
feigning from Poetry ; from Geometry her rule, compafs, 
lines, proportion, and the whole fymmetry. B. Jonfon's 
Difcoveries. —The works of painters.—Quintilian, when 
lie law any well-expreffed image of grief, either in picture 
or fculpture, would ufually weep. Wotton. — If nothing 
will fatisfy him, but having it under my hand, that I had 
no defign to ruin the company of piCture-drzwers, I 
do hereby give it him. Stillingfleet. —Any refemblance 
or reprefentation..—It fuffices to the unity of any idea, 
that it be confidered as one reprefentation or picture, 
though made up of ever fo many particulars. Locke. 
Vouchfafe this picture of thy foul to fee ; 
’ Pis fo far good as it refembles thee, Dryden. 
Pictures, or paintings in oil, are preferred by coating 
them with fome tranfparent and hard fubftance, as a var- 
nifli, in order to feeure the colours from the injuries of the 
air or moifture; and to defend the furfaces from fcratches 
or any damages the painting might receive from flight 
violence. The fubltances, that have been or may be ufed 
