402 
P I C 
haps the fame, only altered by change of climate. The 
fjuduhtolopatli alter of Fernandez, which is a woodpecker 
variegated with black and white, appears to be the fame 
with this Canadian woodpecker, efpecially as that au¬ 
thor never mentions its having any red, and feems to 
infinuate that it comes to New Spain from the North. 
52. Picus varius, the ye’low-bellied woodpecker: va¬ 
riegated with black and white, belly yellow ; crown red. 
This woodpecker is about .nine inches long. All the 
upper fide of its head is red ; four (tripes, alternately 
black and white, cover the fpace between the tenaple 
and rite cheek, and the lad of thefe (tripes bounds the 
throat, which is of the fame red with the head; the 
black and white intermingle, and interfedt each other 
agreeably on the back, the wings, and the tail; the fore 
part of the body is a light yellow, fprinkled with fotne 
black fpecks. The female wants the red. This wood¬ 
pecker inhabits, according to Briffon, Virginia, Carolina, 
and Cayenne. 
53. Picus flavipes, the yellow-legged woodpecker: 
above black, beneath white; legs yellow. Lengtli five 
inches and a half. Hind-head black ; upper edge of the 
wings white. 
54.. Picus bicolor, the woodpecker of Encenada. 
This bird is about the fize of the little (potted wood¬ 
pecker, and is one of the handfomed of the genus. Its 
colours are Ample, but its plumage is richly mailed, and 
the white and brown grey with which.it is painted are 
fo finely broken and intermingled as to produce a charm¬ 
ing e(fe<ri. The male has a full cred, and l'ome red 
feathers appear in it ; the female wants the cred, and 
her head is entirely brown. 
55. Picus cardinalis, the cardinal woodpecker of Lugon: 
black ; head red. The feathers of the back and coverts 
of the wing are black, but their (hafts are yellow, and 
there are alfo yeilowifh fpots on the latter; the (mail 
coverts of the wing are (Iriped tranfverfely with white; 
the brealt and belly are variegated with longitudinal 
black fpots on a white ground ; there is a white bar on 
the fide of the neck, extending below the eye. The 
crown and back of the bead are of a bright red ; and 
for this reafon Sonr.erat fird gave it the appellation of 
cardinal. 
56. Picus Nubicus, the Nubian woodpecker: variega¬ 
ted with white, rufous, and brown; crown black, fpotted 
with white; hind-bead fubcrefted, red ; bread whitifh, 
•with black dots; tail with rufous brown lines. This 
bird is a third fmaller than the fpotted woodpecker of 
Europe, being ahout 7-i inches long. All its plumage is 
agreeably variegated with drops and waves broken, and as 
it were vermiculated,with white and rudy on a grey-brown 
ground, and hlackifh on the back, and tears of blackifh 
on tlie whitifh complexion of the bread and belly ; a 
l'.alf-cred of fine red covers like a cowl the back of the 
head ; the crown and the fore part confid of delicate 
black feathers, each tipped with a fmall white drop ; 
the tail is divided horizontally by brown and rudy 
waves. This very liandfome fpecies of courfe inhabits 
Nubia; but Vaillant met-with it in various other parts 
of Africa; as, firlf, in the foreds of the Auteniquois- 
country; and afterwards, more plentifully, about the 
Gamtoos-river and in CafFraria; he found fpecimens of 
it likewife among fome colleflions Cent to him from 
Senegal and the Gold Coad. It is reprefented, of the 
natural fize, on Plate II. 
57/Picus Moluccenfis, the brown-ft riped woodpecker: 
black, waved with white; beneath whitifh, arrow-dreaked 
with brown; quill and tail-feathers brown, fpotted with 
white. It inhabits the Molucca iflands. 
/ 3 . is a variety black-brown, fpotted with white; be¬ 
neath and head white; crown and fpot beneath the eyes 
brown. It inhabits India, and is five inches long. 
58. Picus erythrocephalus, the red-creded woodpecker: 
cred red, wing and tail-quills gold colour. This is 
the fraalled of the African fpecies, and the mod common 
! U S. 
in the woods neared the Cape. Length of the male five 
inches and a half; female fomewhat lefs. The forehead 
is red-brown ; then follows a little black; and, behind 
that, covering all the back of the head, is a tuft of (lender 
feathers of a bright red colour, inclined backwards, but 
which the bird can ereft at will. The red of the upper 
furface is olive-brown with fcollops of yellowifh-white; 
but the dems of the wing and tail-feathers are of a fhining 
gold-yellow. Over the eyes under the cred, on each 
iide, is a dripe of white ; the cheeks are rufous, mixed 
with fome white; the throat is white, with a black dripe 
on each fide falling down on the bread-; the under parts 
are mottled black and white, with (hades of yellow. 
The eyes are yeilowifh ; bill and legs brown. The 
colours of the female are lefs vivid ; her tuft is lefs, 
and modly brown indead of red. She lays from five to 
(even white eggs, and the male (hares with her the plea¬ 
ding taflc of incubation. 
Vaillant fird met with this.fpecies at Groote.-vudvrs 
Bqfch, or Grandfather’s Wood, on the ead coad of 
Africa; it occurs alfo in the woods which (kirt the 
mountains of Twenty-four Rivers ; in the interior, and 
ladly, in the rows of mimofa and ebony trees on each 
fide of the Elephant River, on the wed coad; but, 
advancing towards the Cape of Good Hope, not one of 
this fpecies is to be found beyond thefe limits. The 
male and female are reprefented, of the natural fize, on 
Plate III. 
59. Picus minutus, the minute woodpecker. This, 
the lead of all the tribe, is found in Cayenne. It is 
cbefnut-grey; beneath whiti(h waved with brown; 
crown red ; hind-head black, fpotted with white. 
60. P-icus tradaffylus, the three-toed woodpecker: va¬ 
riegated black and white, feet three-toed. The plu¬ 
mage refembles that of the fpotted woodpecker; the 
back is black, with white difpofed in waves or rather 
feales on the great quills of the wing ; and thefe two co¬ 
lours form, when it is clofed, a checked bar : the under 
furface of the body is white, variegated on the ddes with 
black.feales; two white dreaks dretch backwards, one 
from the eye, the other from the bill; and the top of the 
head is. red. 
Same perfons have doubted the exidence of three-toed : 
woodpeckers ; but Linnaeus deferibes one found in Da- 
lecarlia; Schmidt one in Siberia; and we are informed by 
Lottinger that it occurs in SwilTerland. The three-toed 
woodpecker appears, therefore, to inhabit the north of 
both continents. 
61. Picus tiga, the thumblefs woodpecker. This new 
fpecies is deferibed in the Linn. Tranf. vol.xiii. for 1822. 
It “may feem to fet the quedion at red as to the exidence 
of three-toed woodpeckers; the prefent fpecies being as 
remarkable for wanting the thumb-toe as the preceding 
is for wanting the outer one. 
62. Picus chryfodermis, the golden-breaded wood¬ 
pecker 1 Tides of the head, the neck, and the bread gold- 
yellow ; crown and throat black. It was obferved in the 
arid trails of table-land, in the Sertem, or inland county 
of Bahia, in Brafil. Unlike the red of its tribe, it utters 
a fliort plaintive cry while flying, and frequently perches 
on ftunted trees. 
63. Picus Brafllienfis, the Brafilian woodpecker: olive 
above, tawny beneath, with tranfverfe black flrise ; the 
tipper part of the bead is fub-crefled and red, and the 
Tides (haded with olive, yellow, and red. It inhabits the 
fame firuation as the former. 
The two lad fpecies were added to the genus by VV. 
Swainfon, efq. F.L.S. whofe highly-commendable zeal for 
the profecution of natural fcience induced him to ex¬ 
plore the remote regions of Brafil; and the public have 
on feveral occafions reaped much intereding knowledge 
from bis labours. The defcriptlons of thefe birds were 
communicated, not, as we (hould have expended, to the 
Linntean Society, but to the Wernerian, and are printed 
in the 3d vol. of their Memoirs, 1821. 
1 PIDAU'RA, 
