P I L 
437 
P I L 
lie was put into prifon. His confinement lafted five years, 
or to the peace of Ryfwick 5 and during this period he 
compofed his “ Lives of the Painters.” On his return 
he was recompenfed by apenfion; and, in 1705, heat- 
tended M. Amelot in his million as ambafiador-extraor- 
dinary to Spain. The air of Madrid difagreed with him 
fo much, that he returned in the fame year. He died in 
1709, at the age of 74, refpefled for his talents and vir¬ 
tues. He painted with fome fuccefs from nature, and 
took portraits of fome of his friends. Of his works, 
the principal are, 1. An Abridgment of Anatomy, for 
the Ufe of Painters and Sculptors. 2. A French Tranf- 
lation of Du Frefnoy’s Art of Painting. 3. Converfa- 
tions on Painting. 4. Elements of Painting. 5. Abrege 
de la Viedes Peintres, avec des Reflexions fur leurs Ou- 
vrages, et un Traite du Peintre parfait, 1699: this has 
been tranflated into Englilh, with an Appendix on the 
Englifh fchool of painting. Moreri. 
PPLESGROVE, a town of America, in New Jerfey, 
and county of Salem, containing 1756 inhabitants. 
PILET'TUS, f. [from the Lat. pila, which fignifies 
any thing round, like a ball.] In our ancient foreft-laws, 
an arrow which had a round knob a little above the head, 
to hinder it from going far into the mark. 
PI'LEUS, f in Roman antiquity, was the ordinary cap 
or hat worn at public fliows and facrifices, and by the 
freedmen. It was one of the common rewards afligned 
to fuch gladiators as were (laves, in token of their obtain¬ 
ing freedom. 
To PIL'FER, v. a. [piller , Fr.] To (leal ; to gain by 
petty robbery.—When thefe plagiaries come to be (trip¬ 
ped of their pilfered ornaments, there’s the daw of the 
fable. L'Ef range. 
Triumphant leaders, at an army’s head, 
Hemm’d round with glories, pilfer cloth or bread, 
As meanly plunder as they bravely fought. Pope. 
To PIL'FER, v. n. To praftife petty theft: 
Every firing is told. 
For fear fome pilf'ring handlhould make too bold. Dryd. 
PIL'FERER, f. One who (teals petty things.—Haft 
thou fuffered at any time by vagabonds and pilferers? 
Promote thofe charities which remove fuch pells of foci- 
ety into prifons and workhoufes. Atterbury's Serm. 
To glory fome advance a lying claim, 
Thieves of renown, and pilferers of fame. Young. 
PIL'FERING, f. A petty theft: 
Your purpos’d low correction 
Is fuch as bafeft and the meaneft wretches 
For pilferings, and mod common trefpafles, 
Are punilh’d with. Shakefpeare''s K. Lear. 
PIL'FERINGLY, adv. With petty larceny ; fil- 
chingly. 
PIL'FERY, f Petty theft.—A wolf charges a fox 
with a piece of pilfery ; the fox denies, and the ape tries 
the caufe. L'Ejlrange. 
PILFUN'TE, a town of Abafcia, on the Black Sea: 
fixteen miles fouth-fouth-weft of Anakopia. 
PILGAR'LIC. See Pilled Garlic. 
PILGER'RUN, or Pilgrim’s Rest, a Moravian town 
of Pennfylvania: 140 miles north-weft of Pittfburg. 
PIL'GRAM, or Peldrzi'mow, a town of Bohemia, 
in the circle of Bechin : thirty-one miles eaft-north-eaft 
of Bechin, and fifty-two fouth-fouth-eaft of Prague. Lat. 
49. 28. N. Ion. 15. 7. E. 
PIL'GRIM, f. [ pelgrim , Dutch; pelerin, Fr. pelegrino, 
Ital. peregrinus, Lat.] A traveller; a wanderer; parti¬ 
cularly one who travels on a religious account.—Two 
pilgrims, which have wandered fome miles together, 
have a heart’s grief when they are near to part. Drum¬ 
mond. 
Like pilgrims to th’ appointed place we tend ; 
The world’s an inn, and death the journey’s end. Dryden. 
Vol. XX. No. 1380. 
To PIL'GRIM, v.n. To wander; to ramble; not 
ufed.—The ambulo hath no certain home or diet, butpiY- 
grims up and down every-where, feeding upon all forts of 
plants. Grew. 
PIL'GRIM AGE, f. A long journey; travel; more 
ufually a journey on account ol devotion.—Painting is a 
long pilgrimage; if we do not actually begin the journey, 
and travel at a round rate, we (hall never arrive at the end 
of it. Dryden’s Dufrefnoy. 
We’re like two men 
That vow a long and weary pilgrimage. Shahefp. 
Shakefpeare ufes it for time irkfomely fpent: 
In prifon thou haft fpent a pilgrimage, 
And, like a hermit, overpaft thy days. Shakefpeare. 
The humour of going on pilgrimage anciently pre¬ 
vailed exceedingly, particularly about the time of the 
croifades. Pilgrimages were molt in vogue after the end 
of the eleventh century, when every one was for vifiting 
places of devotion, not excepting kings and princes 
themfelves ; and even bifiiops made no difticulty of being 
abfent from their churches on the fame account. The 
places mod vifited were Jerufalem, Rome, Compoftella, 
and Tours ; but the greateft numbers reforted to Loretto, 
in order to vifit the chamber of the blefied Virgin, in 
which (he was born, and brought up her fon Jefus till he 
was twelve years of age. See Loretto, vol. xiii. 
Itdeferves to be remarked here, that in the year 1428, 
under the reign of Henry VI. abundance of licences were 
granted from the crown of England to captains of Eng- 
li(h (hips, for carrying numbers of devout perfons to the 
(hrine of St. James of Compoftella in Spain; provided, 
however, that thofe pilgrims (hould firft take an oath not 
to do any thing prejudicial to England, nor to reveal 
any of its fecrets; nor to carry out with them any more 
gold or filver than would be fufficient for their reafon- 
able expenfes. In this year there went out thither from 
England, on the faid pilgrimage, the following number 
of perfons : from London 280, Briftol 200, Weymouth 
122, Dartmouth, 90, Yarmouth 60, Jerfey 60, Plymouth 
40, Exeter 30, Poole 24, Ipfwich 20 ; in all 926 perfons. 
Several of the principal orders of knighthood wereefta- 
bliflied in favour of pilgrims going to the Holy Land, to 
fecure them from the violences and infults of the Sara¬ 
cens and Arabs, See. Such were the orders of the 
Knights Templars, the Knights Hofpitalers, Knights of 
Malta, See. 
The Mahometans are commanded in the Koran (chap. 
2, 3. 22.) to perform a pilgrimage to Mecca. This is 
one of the capital points of their religion, and therefore 
a prodigious cavalcade of pilgrims annually goes thither, 
in the company of thofe who are fent with the grand 
feignor’s prefents to the tomb of Mahomet. So ftriftly 
is this duty enjoined, and fo necefiary is the performance 
of it, that, according to a tradition of Mahomet, he who 
dies without performing it, may as well die a Jew or a 
Chriftian. 
In every country where popery was eftablilhed, pilgri¬ 
mages were common; and in thofe countries which are 
(till popi(h, they continue. In England, the (hrine of 
St. Thomas a Becket was the chief refort of the pious; 
and, in Scotland, St. Andrew’s; where, as tradition in¬ 
forms us, was depofited a leg of the holy apoftle. In 
Ireland they (till continue ; for, from the beginning of 
May till the middle of Auguft every year, crowds of po- 
pi(h penitents from all parts of that country refort to an 
ifland near the centre of Lough Fin, or White Lake, in 
the county of Donegal. Thefe are moftly of the poorer 
fort, and many of them are proxies for thofe who are 
richer; fome of whom, however, together with fome of 
the priefts and bilhops on occafion, make their appearance 
there. When the pilgrim comes within light of the holy 
lake, he muft uncover his hands and feet, and thus walk 
to the water-fide, and is taken to the ifland forfixpence. 
5 T Here 
