P I T 
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PITIS'CUS (Samuel), a learned phi-ioiogift, was the fen 
of a refugee minifter at Zutphen, where lie was born in 
if«57, He lhidied under J. Fr. Gronovius at Deventer, 
and afterwards went through a courfe of theology at Gro¬ 
ningen. After he had completed his education, he was 
made mafter of the fchool at Zutphen, whence in 1685 he 
was promoted to be reftor of the college of St. Jerome at 
Utrecht. After a laborious life, in the early part of 
which he fuffsred much from domefcic difquiets, he died 
at Utrecht, in 1717, at the age of 80. This learned man 
was the author of feveral ufeful and efteeined works. 
Re publiflied feveral Latin authors with commentaries5 
a Latin and Dutch Dictionary; and a Lexicon Antiqui- 
t'atum Romanarum, 2 vols. folio, 1712, the labour of ten _ 
years, a performance of great erudition, well known in 
the learned world. He alfo gave a new and much im¬ 
proved edition of the Roman Antiquities of Rofin, and 
of Pomey’s Pantheon myfticum. Moreri. Nouv. Diet, 
ffljl. 
PITIVIL'CO la BARAN'CA, a town of Peru, in the 
diocefe of Lima : twenty-eight miles north-north-weft of 
Guaura. 
PITKE'ATHLY, or Pxtc aitlily, a village in the 
parifli of Dumbarny, and county of Perth, Scotland, is 
i’eated in a fequeftered corner of the rich vale of Strath- 
erne, at the diftance of four or five miles from Perth. It 
has been long celebrated for its mineral fprings, and of 
late years has become a place of very faftiionable refort. 
In the efficacy of the waters for the cure of fcrofula, 
feurvy, gravel, and complaints in theftomach and bowels, 
Pitkeathly wells are generally confidered equal, if not 
fuperior, to any in North Britain ; and the village yields 
to none in beauty and agreeablenefs of fituation. There 
are here fivedillinct fprings ofdifferent degrees of ftrength, 
but all partaking of the fame qualities. The chief mi¬ 
neralizers are muriate of foda (common fait) and muri¬ 
ate of lime, with a portion of chalk and gypfum held in 
folution. An account of thefe waters, and of their me¬ 
dicinal ufes, was publiflied in the 62d volume of the 
Phiiofophical Tranfaftions. The period of their difeo- 
very cannot be afeertained; as even tradition is filent 
upon the fubjeft. 
The parifli of Dumbarny is about four miles in length 
and three in breadth. The foil is extremely fertile, and 
the furface finely diverfified with level and riling grounds, 
wood, and water. The river Earn runs through the mid¬ 
dle of the parifli; and on one fide it is bounded by the 
hill of Mordun or Moncrieff, the view from which is 
charafterifed by Pennant as “the glory of Scotland.” 
The bridge over the Earn here is of great antiquity, and 
is kept in repair by the magiftrates of Perth. Beauties of 
Scotland, vol. iv. Horn's Journey through the Wejlern 
lflands of Scotland. 
PIT'LAND, a town of Hindooftan, in Guzerat: eigh¬ 
teen miles north-eaft of Cambay. 
PIT'LAR, a town of Ruflia, in tlte government of 
Tobolfk: forty-eight miles fouth of Obdorfkoi. 
PITLAWAD', a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 
Banfvvaleh : twelve miles fouth of Tandla. 
PIT'MEAD, a village in Wiltftiire, near Warminfter. 
Here, Oft. 1786, a difcovery was made of fome Roman 
antiquities; fuch as teffelated pavements, remains of baths, 
urns, and domeftic utenfils, made of beautiful clay, &c. 
PIT'NE, See Putt. 
PIT'OC, a town of Thibet: twenty-four miles weft- 
north-weft of Latac. 
PITO'LO. SeePiETOLO. 
PI'TON POI'NT, the fouth-weft point of the ifland 
of Sr. Lucia. 
PITO'T (Henry), an able French mathematician 
and civil engineer, was defeended from a noble family of 
Languedoc, and born at Aramont, in the diocefe of Ufez, 
in the year 1695. His genius inclining him to the ftudy 
of the mathematical fciences, he made himfelf a pro¬ 
ficient in them without the inftruftion cf a tutor. At 
PIT • 
•the age cf twenty-three he went to Paris, - where he con- 
trafted an intimacy and ffriendfliip with the celebrated 
Reaumur. In the year 1724, he was received i 11 to the 
Royal Academy of Sciences; of which he was elefted a 
penfioner not many years afterwards. Belides con¬ 
tributing numerous papers to the Memoirs of that body, 
he publiflied an excellent work entitled The Theory of 
Working Ships, 1731, 4-to. which induced the Royal 
Society of London to admit him into the number of its 
foreign members. In 1740, the ftates-general of Lan¬ 
guedoc gave him the appointment of principal engineer 
to the province, and alfo that of infpeftor general of the 
famous canal which forms a navigable junction between 
the Mediterranean Sea and the Bay'of Bifeay. Many 
monuments of his genius, which will t ran fin it his name 
with honour to pofterity, may be feen in different parts 
of Languedoc; and, in particular, a noble plan defigned 
and executed by him, for fupplying Montpellier with 
water from fenrets at the diftance of three leagues, 
which has defervedly excited the admiration of tra¬ 
vellers. Out of refpeft to his merits, the Royal Aca¬ 
demy of Sciences at Montpellier inferibed his name in 
the lift of their members; and the king honoured him 
with the order of St. Michael. Pitot was the mathe¬ 
matical tutor of the celebrated Marflial Saxe, and enjoyed 
the friendftiip and protection of that commander. He 
died in 1771, at the age of feventy-fix, equally efteemed 
for his probity aiid diiintereftednefs as lie was refpefted 
for his fcience and ingenuity. 
FIT'QUIN, a town of New Mexico, and capital of the 
province of Sonora: 900 miles north-weft of Mexico. 
Lat. 29. 56. N. Ion. 112. 12. W. 
PITRIO'WlN, a town of Auftrian Poland, in Galicia : 
32 miles fouth-weft of Lublin. 
PITRIPE'TI, a name of the Hindoo deity Yama, who 
correfponds with the Pluto of weftern mythologifts. 
PI'TRIS,/ A clafs of beings with the Hindoos, to 
whom reverence is paid in their facrificial ceremonies. 
They fometimes feem to bear the character of the patri¬ 
archs, or fages, of former days; and at others the moon 
is afiigned for their habitation. In the Inftitutes of 
Menu, they are thus deferibed : “The Pitris, or great 
progenitors, are free from wrath; intent on purity; 
ever exempt from fexual paflions; endued with exalted 
qualities : they are primeval deities, who have laid arms 
afide. From the Rifhis come tlte Pitris, or patriarchs.” 
See Rishis. 
PITS fjolin), an Engiifli biographer, was born in 
1560 at Alton in Hampfhire. Pie was educated at 
Winchefter fchooi, whence he was elefted probationer- 
fellow of New College, Oxford, in 1578. After two 
years refiden.ee there, he left the kingdom as a declared 
Roman Catholic, and went to Douay. He finiflied his 
ftudies at Rheims, and in the Engiifli college at Rome ; 
and was ordained prieft. Returning to Rheims, he 
taught rhetoric and Greek there, till the civil wars in 
France caufed him to withdraw to Lorraine. He viiited 
feveral cities and univerfities in Germany, and was made 
doftor in divinity at Ingolftadt. The Cardinal of 
Lorraine prefented him with a canonry of Verdun, and 
he was afterwards chofen by the Duchefs of Cleves, 
daughter of the Duke of Lorraine, for her confeffor. 
He continued in her fervice twelve years; and then, 
returning into Lorraine, he was promoted by the Biftiop 
of Toul to the deanery of Liverdun, and a canonry of 
that Church. At that place he died in 1616. He was a 
man of learning, and mafter of an elegant Latin Ityle. 
Befides fome theological treatifes, he compofed the lives 
of the kings, bilhops, apoftolical men, and writers, of 
England. Of this, the latter part, viz. the lives of 
writers, alone was publiflied after his death, in 1619,4to. 
by W. Bifliop, a doftor of the Sorbonne. Its title is 
“J. Pitfeus de illuftribus Anglia: Scriptoribus.” It is 
principally compiled from Bale’s work on the fame 
fubjeft, though full of abufe of that writer, and as bigotted 
in 
