557 
P I T 
Pittoni, the Venetian painter, and his hiltorical pictures 
are held in conflderable efteem. There are fome few 
etchings by this painter which are much valued by con- 
noiffeurs, and are marked fometimes with his initials, or 
at others Batifta P. V. F. and fometimes with his name at 
full length ; but vve are unable to fpecify any of them. 
PITTO'NIA, /. in botany. See Tournefortia. 
PITTO'NL® Similis. See Ehretia. * 
PITTOSPO'RUM, J'. [named by fir Jofeph Banks, ac¬ 
cording to Gaertner, from the Gr. mirrou to befmear with 
pitch, and crvro^o;, feed or offspring; becaufe the feeds 
are enveloped in a pitchy fluid, exuding internally from 
the capfule as it ripens.] Pitch-seed, in botany, a 
genus of the clafs pentandria, order tnonogynia. Generic 
characters—Calyx: perianthium five-leaved, inferior, 
deciduous. Corolla: petals five; claws concave, con¬ 
verging into a pitcher-fhaped tube ; borders ovate-oblong, 
fpreading. Stamina: filaments five. Piftillum: germ 
fuperior, roundifl!; ftyle filiform. Pericarpium: capfule 
fubglobular, angular, mucronate, three-celled, three- 
valved; cells flowing with a liquid refin; partitions 
contrary to the valves. Seeds three or four, angular, 
fattened to the partition.— EJJ'ential Charader. Calyx 
deciduous; petals five, converging into a tube. Capfule 
two to five-valved, two to five-cellecj; feeds covered with 
pulp. There are fqven fpecies. 
1. Pittofporum coriaceum, or thick-leaved pitch-feed : 
leaves obovate, obtufe, very fmooth, coriaceous; capfules 
two-valved. This is a tree with proliferous branches, 
three or four to each whorl, round, with an afh-coloured 
bark, from very fhort ovate imbricate buds. Leaves un¬ 
der each whorl three or four, two inches long, oblong, 
moftly obovate, quite blunt and entire, even, pale green, 
ending at the bafe in a petiole an inch in length. Pe¬ 
duncle from a diftindl bud, folitary, an inch in length ; 
tomentofe, many-flowered. Flowers on umbelled pedi¬ 
cels, the length of the peduncle, tomentofe, five, the two 
middle ones two or five-flowered; the lateral one-flow¬ 
ered. Native of the Canary iflands. Introduced in 1787, 
by James Webfter, efq. It flowers in May. 
2. Pittofporum tenuifolium, or thin-leaved pitch-feed : 
capfules three-valved. Capfule fubglobular, dagger- 
pointed at the top, obfcurely three-cornered, three-celled, 
three-valved, on the outfide fomewhat wrinkled, fmoky; 
within bay-coloured, and having a yellowifli relinous 
juice. Seeds three or four in each cell, varioufly angular, 
but commonly like the ftones of the grape, marked on 
the back with a fhallow groove, black, fliining, anointed 
with turpentine. 
3. Pittofporum umbellatum, or umbelled pitch-feed : 
capfules two-valved. Capfule fubglobular, with two 
fwellings; the tranfverfe diameter longeft, dagger-pointed 
at top, having a groove on both fides, and a ridge at both 
edges, from the prominent future, fhagreened all over, 
two-celled, two-valved ; cells refinous. Seeds four in 
each cell, very irregular, wrinkled, black, fliining. 
4. Pittofporum revolutum, or downy-leaved pitch-feed : 
leaves elliptical, bluntifh, downy beneath, revolute at the 
margin. Native of New South Wales. Sent by fir 
Jofeph Banks to Kew, in 1795. It flowers from March 
to Auguft, and is a greenhoufe fhrub, like the two above 
-defcribed. There are two varieties: the flowers in one 
grow five or fix together, in a ftalked hairy umbel; in 
the other they ftand in pairs, on very fliort ttalks, which 
at length become thick and woody, fupporting a large 
woody capfule, of three reflexed valves, whofe partitions 
are but (lightly prominent. 
5. Pittofporum ferrugineum, or rutty pitch-feed: 
leaves elliptical, taper-pointed, fmooth; footftalks clothed 
with rutty down ; calyx equally divided to the bafe. It 
is faid in Hort. Kew, to be a native of Guinea, and to 
have been introduced before 1787, by the earl of Tanker- 
ville, flowering in the ftove from February to May. 
Specimens of this plant were gathered by the late Mr. 
Cnrittopher Smith in Oma, one of the Molucca ifles, near 
Vol. XX. No, 1390. 
P I T 
Amboyna. Cortex filarius of Rumphius appears to be 
the fame thing; his reprefentation and defcription of the 
bivalve fruit exadlly anfwers to the genus before us. He 
fpeaks of the bark as affording a fort of thread. The 
ftem is flirubby, rather (lender, determinately branched ; 
young branches round, clothed with rutty down, leafy 
towards the ends. Leaves fcattered or crowded, elliptic- 
lanceolate, pointed at each end, two or three inches long, 
entire, (lightly wavy, with one rib and feveral tranfverfe 
veins ending in minute reticulations; fmooth on both 
fides, except an occafional pubefcence on the ribs; paler 
and more opaque beneath. Footftalks three-quarters of 
an inch long, (lender, channelled, clothed with fine, 
fliining, rutty down. Flowers very numerous, fmall, 
white, in long-ftalked aggregate rutty downy umbels. 
6. Pittofporum undulatum, or wave-leaved pitch-feed : 
leaves elliptical, pointed, fmooth, waved at the margin ; 
footftalks nearly fmooth; calyx five-toothed, fplit on one 
fide to the bafe. Native of New South Wales. Commu¬ 
nicated to Kew Garden, in 1789, by fir J. Banks. A 
greenhoufe lhrub, flowering from April to June. Its 
habit is very much like the laft, but every part is larger. 
The leaves are more wavy ; their adult footftalks fmooth, 
though downy when young. Flowers white, fragrant, 
full twice as large as thofe of P. ferrugineum, but much 
fewer, in folitary, nearly Ample, feflile umbels, whofe 
ttalks are nearly fmooth. Calyx effentially different, being 
divided only one-third of its length into five acute feg- 
ments, though fplit down to the bafe at one fide, fome¬ 
times in two places; one tooth, in the latter cafe, being 
entirely feparate to the bottom. The whole calyx foon 
falls off. Its infide and edges are a little downy. Ven- 
tenat errs in giving the Canary Iflands as the native 
country of this fpecies, confounding its hiltory with that 
of the P. coriaceum. 
7. Pittofporum fulvum, yellow or gold-flowered pitch- 
feed : leaves broad-lanceolate; footftalk tender, very 
rough; calyx with broad leaves, divided to the bafe. 
This fpecies is defcribed and figured, with feveral others 
from New Holland, by Mr. Rudge, in the xth vol. of the 
Linn. Tranf. The leaves are three or four inches long, 
one and a half broad ; petioles (hort, rough. Flowers in 
clofe panicles, fragrant; calyx open 5 leaves lanceolate- 
wedge-fliaped, falling before the petals 5 petals feven or 
eight lines long, gold-yellow, as are the filaments; germen 
pale-green, afterwards darker. In the natural order, it 
approaches to the genus Burfaria. Inhabits near Port Jack- 
fon, in New Holland. The annexed Engraving reprefents 
this plant of the natural fize; a, a (ingle flower, fomewhat 
magnified; b, the calyx; c, the corolla laid open; d, 
back and front view of the antherae; e, the piftillum. 
Mr. Profeffor Martyn would have preferred the name of 
Pittofpermum for this genus. 
PITTQUOT'TING, an Indian fettlement of the (fate 
of Ohio, at the mouth of the river Huron, on Lake Erie. 
PITT'SBOROUGH, or Pittsburgh, a town of Ame¬ 
rica, the capital of Chatham county, North Carolina, fitu- 
ated on an eminence, and containing a court-houfe, a 
gaol, and about forty or fifty houfes. The adjacent 
country is fertile and well cultivated ; and is much re- 
forted to from the maritime parts of the date in the fickly 
months. The Hickory mountain is not far diftant; and 
both the air and water are here as pure as any in the 
world ; twenty-fix miles, fouth-weft of HilKborough. 
PITT'SBURG, a poll-town of Pennfylvania, the capital 
of Allegany county, fituated on a beautiful plain termi¬ 
nating in a point, between the Allegany and Monongahela 
rivers; and about a quarter of a mile above their con¬ 
fluence, by which they form the Ohio. This town was 
laid out on Penn’s plan in the year 1765. In 1781, it 
contained 140 houfes and 700 inhabitants, who were 
Prefbyterians and Epifcopalians. In 1802, the number 
of houfes were about 400, molly built of brick. At pre- 
fent it contains 4768 inhabitants, a gaol, court-houfe, 
Prefbyterian church, a church for German Lutherans, an 
7 C academy, 
