68 R H U 
upon the ground, putting out roots from their joints, whereby 
it multiplies and spreads greatly. If it be near a wall, the 
fibres will strike into the joints, and support the stalks when 
severed from the root. When it is thus supported, the stalks 
become more woody, and rise much higher, than when it 
trails on the ground. The flowers come out from the side of 
the stalk in loose panicles; they are small, and of an herba¬ 
ceous colour, male and female on distinct trees : the latter are 
succeeded by roundish, channelled, smooth berries, of a gray 
colour, inclosing one or two seeds. It grows naturally in 
many parts of North America, where it is called creeping ivy. 
18. Rhus toxicodendron, trailing poison-oak or sumach. 
—The stalks of this sort rise higher than those of the preced¬ 
ing; the branches are slender but woody, and have a brown 
bark. Leaves on pretty long petioles; leaflets oval, two 
inches long, one inch and a half broad, indented angularly, 
and hoary on their under side. The male flowers, which are 
produced on separate plants from the fruit, come out from 
the side of the stalks in close short spikes, and are of an her¬ 
baceous colour. The females are produced in loose panicles, 
agree in shape and colour with the males, but are larger, and 
have a roundish germ supporting three very short styles.— 
Native of many parts of North America. 
19. Rhus aromaticum, or aromatic sumach.—Leaflets ses¬ 
sile, ovate, somewhat hairy. 20. Rhus suaviolens, or sweet 
sumach.—Leaflets sessile, wedge-shaped, smooth. 21. Rhus 
dentatum, or toothed sumach.—Leaflets obovate, stem rug¬ 
ged. 22. Rhus sinuatum, or sinuate-leaved sumach.—Leaf¬ 
lets ovate, blunt, sinuate, villose underneath. 23. Rhus cu- 
neifolium, or wedge-leaved sumach. 24. Rhus incisum, or 
gash-leaved sumach.—Leaflets sessile, wedge-shaped, under¬ 
neath tomentose, veined, calyxes tomentose. 25. Rhus to- 
mentosum, or woolly-leaved sumach.—Leaflets sub-petioled, 
rhombed, angular, tomentose underneath. 26. Rhus villo- 
sum, or hairy-leaved sumach.—Leaflets hairy on both sides. 
27. Rhus pubescens, or hairy-branehed sumach.—Leaflets 
obovate, mucronate, smooth, branches villose. 28. Rhus 
•viminale, or willow-leaved sumach.—Leaflets attenuated at 
the base, the middle one sub-petioled. 29. Rhus angustifo- 
liurn, or narrow-leaved sumach.—Leaflets petioled, tomen¬ 
tose underneath. 30. Rhus rosmarinifolium, or rosemary¬ 
leaved sumach.—Leaflets sessile, ferruginous underneath. 
31. Rhus laevigatum, or smooth-leaved sumach.—Leaflets 
sessile, lanceolate, even. 32. Rhus lucidum, or shining¬ 
leaved sumach.—Leaflets sessile, wedge-shaped, even.—All 
these with simple leaves. 
33. Rhus cotinus, or Venice sumach.—This rises with an 
irregular shrubby stalk to the height of ten or twelve feet, 
sending out many spreading branches covered with a smooth 
brown bark, garnished with single obovate leaves about two 
inches long, and of the same breadth, rounded at their points, 
•and stand upon long foot-stalks; they are smooth, stiff, and 
of a lucid green, having a strong midrib, whence several 
transverse veins run towards the border. The flowers come 
out at the end of the branches upon long hair-likefoot-stalks, 
which divide, and branch into large hair-like bunches of a 
purplish colour ; they are small, white, and composed of five 
small oval petals, which spread open. The root is used for 
dyeing: the leaves and young branches dye black: and the 
bark is used for tanning leather.—Native of the south of 
Fiance, Spain, Italy, Austria, Carniola, Hungary, Bohemia, 
Switzerland, the Levant, and Sibefia. 
34. Rhus atrum.—Leaves simple, ovate-oblong, flowers 
■polygamous.—Native of New' Caledonia. 
Propagation and Culture. —1, 2,4,5,9- These are hardy 
plants, and will thrive in the open air in England. Propagat¬ 
ing the plants from seeds is seldom practised after a person is 
once possessed of the plants, for they are very subject to set up 
a great number of suckers from their roots, whereby they are 
easily propagated. The suckers of all the sorts may be taken 
up and planted in a nursery fora year or two to getstrength, 
and then may be planted where they are to remain. 
The 6th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th sorts propagate in plenty, 
by their creeping stalks and roots, or by laying dowrn their 
branches. 
R H Y 
10, 11, 13, 15, 16,21,22, 22,23, 24, 25, 26, 27,28,29, 
30, 31,32. All these African sorts being too tender to live 
through the winter in the open air in England, are planted in 
pots or tubs, and housed in autumn, and during the winter 
they must be treated in the same way as other hardy green¬ 
house plants. They all retain their leaves through the year. 
33. Venice sumach is propagated by layers in autumn; 
by the autumn following these will have taken root, 
when they may be taken off, and transplanted into a 
nursery. 
RHUSELNIUM, a name given by some authors to the 
ranunculus. ' . - 
RHUSTICANA, or Rusticana, a town of Hispania, in 
the interior of Lusitania, between Talebrigaand Mendeculia. 
Ptolemy. 
RHUSONCOR2E, or Rusucurrum, a town of Africa, 
in Mauritania Caesariensis. Ptolemy.— It had the title of a 
Roman colony. 
RHUTHYN. See Ruthin. 
RHYDDA, a town of Palestine, belonging to the Arabs, 
according to Josephus. 
RHYME, s. [either from rimen, a verb in the Franco- 
Theotisc “ to agree together, to meet,” which is the opinion 
of Sharon Turner, or from the Latin rythmus. Mr. Turner 
has also noticed the Saxon bpyme, or bpeam, signifying 
harmony, and Serenius produces the Su. Goth, rim, ryrna, 
scriptum metricum ; a hrcim, resonaritia canora; hreimer , 
(verb imp.) resonat.]—An harmonical succession of sounds. 
The youths with songs and rhimes ; 
Some dance, some hale the rope. Denham. 
The consonance of verses; the correspondence of the last 
sound of one verse to the last sound or syllable of another. 
If Cupid throws a single dart, 
We make him wound the lover’s heart; 
But if he takes his bow and quiver, 
’Tis sure he must transfix the liver; 
For rhime with reason may dispense. 
And sound has right to govern sense. Prior. 
Poetry; a poem. 
All his manly power it did disperse, 
As he were warmed with inchan ted rhimes. 
That oftentimes he quak’d. Spenser. 
A word of sound to answer to another word. 
What wise means to gain it hast thou chose ? 
Know fame and fortune both are made of prose. 
Is thy ambition sweating for a rhyme. 
Thou unambitious fool, at this late time ? Young. 
A feminine Rhyme is that where the last syllable of 
the rhyme ends with an e mute, or quiescent, as in dove, 
belle, &c. 
Masculine Rhymes are those of all other words. 
Menage observes, that the masculine rhymes close the 
periods better; but the feminines, being the softer and more 
languishing, end more agreeably, especially in mournful 
subjects. 
RHYME or reason. Number or sense.—The guiltiness 
of my mind drove the grossness of the foppery into a received 
belief, in despight of the teeth of all rhime and reason, that 
they were fairies. Shakspeare. 
To RHYME, v. n. [rimen, Fr. Theotisc. See Rhyme. 
Dan. rimer; Germ, reimeni] To agree in sound. 
He was too warm on picking work to dwell, 
But fagotted his notions as they fell, 
And, if they rhym'd and rattled, all was well. Dryden. 
To make verses.—These fellows of infinite tongue, that 
can rhyme themselves into ladies’ favours, they do always 
reason themselves out again. Shakspeare. 
To RHYME, v. a. To put into rhyme.—The first 
[translation of the Psalms] too elegant for the vulgar use; 
the other as flat and poor, as lamely worded, and unhand¬ 
somely rhimed, as the old. Bp. King. 
RHY'MELESS, 
