R I C 
Beileval, professor of botany at Montpelier.] In botany, a 
genus of the class dioecia, order pentandria. Generic Cha¬ 
racter.—Male flower. Calyx: perianth one-leafed, perma¬ 
nent, inferior, four-cleft or five-cleft; clefts ovate, acute, sub- 
tomentose, (three-leaved, very small, Ryan.) Corolla: 
petals four or five, roundish, the length of the calyx,—(one 
petalled, with five concave segments, Ryan.) Nectary 
four or five glands at the base of the germ. Stamina four or 
five (sometimes six, Ryan.) between the glands of the nec¬ 
tary, erect, longer than the calyx, (length of the corolla, 
Ryan.) Anthers oblong, erect, (twin, Ryan.) Pistil: 
erm conical, villose; Style none. Stigma none. Female 
ower. Calyx and corolla as in the male. Nectary a rim 
round the base of the germ. Stamina none. Pistil: germ 
superior, ovate. Style very short. Stigmas three, revolute, 
chanelled above. (Stigma bicapitate, Ryan.) Pericarp: 
capsule corticate, subovate, smooth and even, three-celled, 
having six valves opening from the base. Seed one in each 
cell, berried, pendulous below the tip of the columella. Ac¬ 
cording to Ryan, the fruit is a capsular berry, or a berried 
capsule.— Essential Character .—Capsule corticate, six- 
valved, three-celled. Seeds solitary, pendulous below the 
tip of the columella. Style trifid. 
1. Richeria grandis.—.This is a large tree, having the habit 
of mammea Americana. Branches round, the thickness of a 
goose-quill, rigid, angular at the end, warted, smooth. 
Leaves mostly at the ends of the branches, alternate, fre¬ 
quently six or seven inches in length. Spikes axillary, so¬ 
litary, three times shorter than the leaf, commonly simple, 
but sometimes having a spreading branch at the base. 
Flowers frequent, scattered, sessile. Peduncle angular, ap¬ 
pearing villose when examined by a microscope. Capsule 
the size of a hazel nut, having six obscure longitudinal su¬ 
tures. Ryan discovered this very rare tree in Montserrat, in 
one place only, where fifteen or twenty trees all together 
filled up a small valley among the high mountains. 
RFCHES, s. pi. [pichj-pe Saxon; richesse, French : 
and our old language had the singular, as, “ Let us when 
we perceyve the daunger of this worldly and transytory 
rychesse call unto Almyghty God for helpe." Bp. Fisher. 
Ps. and see Revel, xviii. 16. “In one hour so great riches 
is come to nought.”] Wealth ; money or possessions.— 
Riches do not consist in having more gold and silver, but 
in having more in proportion than our neighbours, whereby 
we are enabled to procure to ourselves a greater plenty of the 
conveniencies of life, than comes within their reach, who 
sharing the gold and silver of the world in a less proportion, 
want the means of plenty and power, and so are poorer. 
Locke. —Splendid sumptuous appearance.—.The riches of 
heaven’s pavement, trodden gold. Milton. 
RICHFIELD, a township of the United States, in Otsego 
county, New York; 72 miles west of Albany. Population 
2079. 
RICHFIELD, a township of the United States, in Ashta¬ 
bula county, Ohio, on Grand river. 
RICIIFORD, a township of the United States, in Franklin 
county, Vermont. Population 442. 
RICHIER DE BELLEVAL (Peter), one of the foun¬ 
ders of French Botany, was born at Chalons, in Cham¬ 
pagne, in 1558, and was brought up to the practice of 
medicine. To his zeal for science was owing the establish¬ 
ment of the botanical garden at Montpellier, the earliest 
institution of the kind in France. For the purpose of 
enriching it, he made several tours to the Cevennes, and the 
sea-coast, and sent his pupils to all the ports of Languedoc, 
Dauphine, and Provence, at the same time maintaining at 
his own expence, engravers, who made draughts of curious 
plants under his inspection. He was the first botanist who 
gave copper-plate figures, which are executed with accuracy, 
but in a hard style, being imitations of the wooden cuts then 
in use. The Montpellier garden having been destroyed 
in the troubles consequent upon the death of Henry IV. 
Richier was extremely active in procuring its restoration, and 
advanced a considerable sum of his own property for the 
purpose. He died in 1632, at the age of 74. The sole 
Vol. XXII. No. 1486. 
R I C 85 
publication of this botanist was “Onomatologia seu Nomen- 
clatura Stirpium quae in Horto medico Monspeliensi coluntur,” 
1598. Halleri Bib/. Botan. — Nouv. Diet. Hist. 
RICHHILL, a township of the United States, in Green 
county, Pennsylvania. Population 716. 
RICHLAND, a county of the United States, in the north 
part of Ohio, which has Knox south, Wayne east, Huron and 
Medina north, and Indian lands west. It is watered by the 
head branches of the Huron, East Fork of the Sandusky, 
Clear Fork, a branch of the Muskingum, Muddy creek, &c. 
Its name represents the quality of its soil. It will rank with 
any county in the state in point of fertility. It is new, and 
contains large bodies of rich unsettled lands. The chief town 
is Mansfield. 
RICHLAND, a district in the central part of South Caro¬ 
lina. The chief town is Columbia. Population 9027, in¬ 
cluding 5238 slaves. 
RICHLAND, a river of the United States, in Tennessee. 
It passes by Pulaski, and is navigable from that town to its 
junction with Elk river, 12 miles. Length 70 miles. 
RICHLAND, the name of several townships in the United 
States, in Giles county, Tennessee. 
RICHLAND, a township of the United States, in Oswego 
county, New York, on the east end of Lake Ontario. Popu¬ 
lation 947. 
RICHLAND, a township of the United States, in Bucks 
county, Pennsylvania. Population 1317. 
RICHLAND, a township of the United States, in Venango 
county, Pennsylvania. Population 434. 
RICHLAND, a township of the United States, in Belmont 
county, Ohio. Population 2831. 
RICHLAND, a township of the United States, in Clinton 
county, Ohio. Population 783. 
RICHLAND, a township of the United States, in Fairfield 
county, Ohio. Population 614. 
RICHLAND, a township of the United States, in Guernsey 
county, Ohio. Population 227. 
RICIILIEU, Chambly, or Sorel River, a river of 
Lower Canada, which flows from Lake Chaiflplain in a north¬ 
erly course, and joins the St. Lawrence. It is the channel 
by which the waters of the lake are for the most part con¬ 
veyed to the latter river. Its course is through a well culti¬ 
vated country. Its banks are generally between eight and 
twelve feet high, diversified on each side by many farms and 
extensive settlements, in a very high state of improvement; 
some neat, populous, and flourishing villages, handsome 
churches, numerous mills of various kinds, good roads in all 
directions, with every other characteristic of a country in¬ 
habited by au industrious population. The navigation is 
carried on by boats, canoes, and other craft of large dimension 
and burden, and by rafts. From its junction with the St. 
Lawrence, decked vessels of 150 tons may ascend from 12 to 
14 miles. This river is remarkable for the unusual circum¬ 
stance of being much narrower at its discharge than at the 
place from whence it flows, and for the gradual diminution 
of the breadth of its bed. At its mouth it is about 250 yards 
wide, which it preserves, with the exception of one or two 
expansions occasioned by some small islands, which greatly 
increase the beauty of its scenery, up to the basin of Chambly; 
from hence to the isle du Portage the breadth is 500 yards; 
beyond this it spreads to double that distance, and continues 
to widen still more up to St. John’s, from whence there is a 
ship navigation to the towns on Lake Champlain. From 
the basin down to the St. Lawrence the current is regular and 
gentle, and although there are some shoals and flats, they 
do not disturb the smoothness of its course; but from Lake 
Champlain the stream is hurried, in some places rather violent, 
and in others broken by rapids. The passage downwards 
for loaded boats, See. is in general quick and unattended with 
the smallest difficulty, except what is occasioned by the 
rapids. Upwards to Chambly nothing more than ordinary 
care is required to avoid the shallows, but from thence to St. 
John’s, the ascent is attended with more labour, from the 
causes just spoken of. The number of river craft, canoes, &c. 
with their various ladings, the immense quantity of tim- 
Z ber 
