R I V 
the river then changes only by insensible degrees, and, in the 
ordinary language of hydraulics, is said to be permanent, 
though, in strictness, this epithet is not applicable to the 
course of any river. 
It must be remarked, that the preceding formula of Du 
Buat, though sufficiently accurate for practical purposes, is 
found to fail when applied to tubes of very small diameter. 
Dr. Young, in a very excellent paper in the Philosophical 
Transactions for 1808, has propounded a much more satis¬ 
factory consideration of the subject. “ He found,” he ob¬ 
serves, “ that the friction could not be represented by any 
single power of the velocity, although it frequently ap¬ 
proached,” for the same pipe, “ to the proportion of that 
power, of which the exponent is 1.8; but that it appeared 
to consist of two parts, the one varying simply as the velo¬ 
city, the other as its square. The proportion of these parts 
to each other must, however, be considered as different, in 
pipes of different diameters, the first part being less percep¬ 
tible in very large pipes, or in rivers, but becoming greater 
than the second in very minute tubes, while the second also 
becomes greater, for each given portion of the internal sur¬ 
face of the pipe, as the diameter is diminished.” 
As this does not apply very closely to the subject of rivers, 
we shall not enter further into it here; but refer our readers 
to Dr. Young’s paper for fuller information on the motion of 
fluids in very minute tubes. 
By the statute of Westm. 2. cap. 47, the king may grant 
commissions for persons to take care of rivers, and the 
fishery in them; and the lord mayor of London is to have the 
conservation in breaches and ground overflown as far as the 
water ebbs and flows in the river Thames. (4 Hen. VII. 
cap. 15.) Persons annoying the river Thames, making 
shelves there, casting dung in it, or taking away stakes, 
boards, timber-work, &o. of the banks, incur a forfeiture 
of 51. by stat. 27 Hen. VIII. cap. 18. Commissioners were 
appointed to prevent exactions of the occupiers of locks, 
weirs, &c. upon the river Thames, westward from the city 
of London, to Cricklade, in the county of Wilts, and for 
ascertaining the rates of water-carriage on the said river, 
by stat. 6 & 7 W. III., and this statute is revived, with 
authority from the commissioners to make orders and con¬ 
stitutions to be observed, under penalties, &c. by 3 Geo. II. 
cap. 11. 
By statutes 8 Geo. II. cap. 20, and 4 Geo. III. cap. 12, 
it is made felony, without benefit of clergy, maliciously to 
cut down any river or sea-bank, by which lands may be 
destroyed, and to destroy sluices or locks upon navigable 
rivers. 
RI VER, s. One who splits or cleaves.—-An honest block- 
river, with his beetle, heartily calling. Echard. 
RIVER, a parish of England, in. Kent; 2 miles north¬ 
west of Dover. Population 650. 
RIVER-DRAGON, s. A crocodile. A name given by 
Milton to the king of Egypt. 
Thus with ten wounds 
The river-dragon tam’d at length, submits 
To let his sojourners depart. Milton. 
RI'VERET, s. A small stream; a rill. 
Calls down each riveret from her spring. 
Their queen upon her way to bring. Drayton. 
RIVER-GOD, s. Tutelary deity of a river.—His wig 
hung as strait as the hair of a river-god rising from the 
water. Arbuthnot. 
RIVER, Haute, a town of the Sardinian states, in Savoy, 
near Chamberry, said to contain 5000 inhabitants. 
RIVERHEAD, a village of England, in the county of 
Kent, so named from the head of the Darent, which is in 
the neighbourhood. Near it is the noble villa of Lord Am¬ 
herst, called Montreal; half a mile from Seven Oaks. 
RIVER-HORSE, s. The Hippopotamus. 
Rose, 
As plants ambiguous between sea and land, 
The river-horse and scaly crocodile. Milton. 
Vol. XXII. No. 1489. 
R I V 125 
RIVERS, a town in the south-east of France, department 
of the Isere, on the small river Fune. It has a traffic in 
linen, hardware, and paper. Population 1400; 8 miles 
north-west of Grenoble. 
RIVESALTES, a town of France, department of the 
Eastern Pyrenees, on the small river Cali. It is walled, con¬ 
tains about 1800 inhabitants; and is 6 miles north-by-west 
of Perpignan. 
RI'VET, s. [river, Fr. to break the point of a thing; to 
drive.] A fastening pin clenched at both ends. 
The armourers accomplishing the knights. 
With busy hammers closing rivets up, 
Give dreadful note of preparation. Shakspeare. 
Though Valeria’s fair, and though she loves me too, 
’Gainst her my soul is arm’d on every part; 
Yet there are secret rivets to my heart, 
Where Berenice’s charms have found the way. 
Subtile as lightnings. Dryden. 
To RI'VET, v. a. To fasten with rivets. 
This man, 
If all our fire were out, would fetch down new, 
Out of the hand of Jove; and rivet him 
To Caucasus, should he but frown. B. Jonson. 
To fasten strongly; to make immoveable. 
Why should I write this down, that’s rivetted. 
Screw’d to my memory ? Shakspeare. 
Rivet and nail me where I stand, ye pow’rs. Congreve . 
They provoke him to the rage 
Of fangs and claws, and, stooping from your horse. 
Rivet the panting savage to the ground. Addison. 
To drive or clench a rivet.—In nvetting, the pin you 
rivet in should stand upright to the plate you rivet it upon ; 
for if it do not stand upright, you will be forced to set it 
upright, after it is rivetted. Moxon. 
RIVET (Andrew), a learned and eminent French protes- 
tant divine, who flourished in the seventeenth century, was 
born in Poitou, in the year 1572. He was successively pastor- 
in the church at Thouars, chaplain to the duke of Thouars, 
who frequently consulted and employed him in matters of 
consequence, and a representative of the protestant churches 
in Poitou at different national conventions, which were held 
by royal permission, and professor of divinity at the univer¬ 
sity of Leyden. In 1621, he made, a voyage to England, and 
was enrolled among the honorary members of the university 
of Oxford. After his return to Holland, he was nominated 
preacher to the Prince of Orange, and curator of the Orange- 
college at Breda. He died in 1651, when he was about 79 
years of age. He was the author of several commentaries on 
different parts of the bible, and a number of controversial 
works chiefly against the papists. A collection of the whole 
was published at Rotterdam in 1651, in three large vols. folio. 
Our author had a brother named William Rivet, who pub¬ 
lished “ Vindiciae Evangelic® de Justificatione,” and a 
“ Treatise on Ecclesiastical Liberty, in opposition to the au¬ 
thority of the Pope.” Moreri. 
RIVET DE LA GRANGE (Anthony), a French Bene¬ 
dictine monk, and esteemed writer in the eighteenth century, 
descended from a catholic branch of the same family with 
the preceding, was born at Confolens, a small town belong¬ 
ing to the diocese of Poitiers, in the year 1683. He exhibit¬ 
ed early indications of an ardour for learning, and areadiness 
in acquiring it at a school iu his native place, till the death of 
his father, when he was about thirteen years of age, from 
which time his education was neglected for some years. 
Afterwards he was sent to study philosophy under the Jaco¬ 
bins, or Dominican monks at Poitiers, where he gave the 
greatest satisfaction to his tutors by his application and pro¬ 
ficiency. While he continued under their instructions, he 
one day narrowly escaped with his life, in consequence of 
being thrown from his horse when on a hunting party, and 
dragged to a considerable distance by one of his feet becom¬ 
ing entangled in the stirrup. This accident made such an 
2 K impression 
