R 1 V 
bird-pepper bush (capsicum), and picks a few of those warm 
berries ; nature doubtless having taught it what was neces¬ 
sary to promote the digestion of that oleaginous heavy 
food. 
The stalk is very tough and flexible, and often made into 
hoops in Jamaica, when there is a scarcity of those imported 
from Europe or North America, but they are not so strong 
and durable. Hence the name of hoop-withe, given to this 
plant in Jamaica. 
Propagation and Culture. —These shrubs are propagated 
by seeds, which remain long (sometimes two years) in the 
ground before they vegetate. They should be sown in pots 
filled with fresh earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed. 
If this happens late in the autumn or winter, the pots must be 
plunged into the tan-bed of the stove; but if in the spring, 
they may be plunged into a common hot-bed under a frame. 
The earth must be moistened frequently in summer, to pro¬ 
mote the vegetation of the seeds, but as they will not come 
up the same year, the pots should be removed into the stove 
before winter, and plunged into the tan-bed; during the 
winter season, the earth must be sometimes refreshed, but 
must not be too moist. In the spring the pots may be taken 
out of the stove, and plunged into a fresh hot-bed to bring up 
the plants; but if they should not then rise, the earth must 
not be disturbed, because the plants may come up the fol¬ 
lowing season. 
RIVINGTON, a village of England, in the county of 
Lancaster, noted for a peak on a high adjoining hill, which 
commands a prospect of vast extent; 5 miles from Bolton. 
RIVINUS (Andrew), a learned physician and critic, was 
bom at Hall in Saxony, in 1600. He took the degree of 
doctor of physic at Leipzig, and was nominated to the chair 
of poetry in that university; and in 1655 to that of physio¬ 
logy, which he only occupied till the next year, when he 
died. Rivinus was chiefly known by his philological la¬ 
bours, a considerable share of which related to the ancient 
Christian poets, many of whom he edited. One of his works 
entitled “ Kirani Kiranides,” under the name of Rhyakinus, 
involved him in a controversy with Reinesius. It was pub¬ 
lished after his death, with the title of “ MysteriaPhysico-Me- 
dica.” He also gave an edition, with notes, of the “ Pervi¬ 
gilium Veneris;” and published “ Florilegium Epigramma- 
tum veterum Graecoram“ Columella de cultu hortoram;” 
and “ Veterum quorundam bonorum Scriptorum libri de Re 
et Materia Medica." Two curious dissertations of his are 
inserted by Graevius, who had been his auditor, in his “ Dis¬ 
sertations rariores.” Moreri. Eloy Diet. 
RIVINUS (Augustus Quirinus), a physician and botanist, 
son of the preceding, was born at Leipzig, in 1652, of which 
place he obtained the professorship of physiology and botany. 
He was a man of great industry, who made himself known by 
a variety of publications. Of his numerous medical writings 
the following are the most worthy of notice: “ De Peste Lip- 
siensiof this pestilence he was an eye-witness, and he has 
described its circumstances with many remarkable particulars; 
“ De Dyspepsia;” “ De Febribus intermittentibus;” “ Me- 
dicus superstitiosus;” “ De Situ yEgrorum commodo;” “ Cen- 
sura Medicamentorum otficinalium;” in this work he under¬ 
takes the laudable task of expunging from the Materia Me¬ 
dica the numerous articles then in use that fall under the 
heads of sordid, disgusting, inert, superstitious, ill-prepared, 
and compounded, &c. He was not an anatomist, but the 
discovery of a new salivary duct has been attributed to him. 
It is, however, as a botanist that he has obtained the greatest 
celebrity, for he undertook a vast work, called “ Introductio 
generalis in rem Herbariam.” In this he endeavoured to 
found a very simple method of arrangement upon the flower, 
as being of one Pr more petals, and as being regular or irre¬ 
gular in its form. At the same time he began to publish 
plates, executed at his own expence, of which he gave three 
orders of the plants with irregular flowers, and a fourth which 
he had prepared was edited by Ludwig after his death. The 
figures are very fine; but as his object was to represent the 
flowers solely, they often are confined to the upper parts of 
R I Z 127 
the plants. In his introduction he made some animadver¬ 
sions on Ray and Morison, which involved him in contro¬ 
versy ; and an epistle of his to Ray is printed in the second 
edition of that great botanist’s “ Synopsis.” Rivinus objected 
to the separation of trees and shrubs from other plants. Hal- 
leri Bibl. Med. Botan. Eloy Diet. Hist. 
RIVOGLIOMENTO, [Ital.] in Music, changing the 
lace of the parts of a composition. It is placing the tre- 
le or other upper part in the tenor or base, and vice versa. 
This frequently happens in double counterpoint, when the 
treble serves for the base, or the base for the treble; and 
in such a manner, as that the harmony, though different, 
shall remain equally correct and pleasing as in the first ar¬ 
rangement of the parts. 
RIVOLI, a town in the north-west of Italy, in Piedmont, 
situated at the foot of the Alps, on the great road which leads 
over Mount Cenis into Savoy. It has some manufactures of 
linen, woollens, and silk, and a population of 5100. On an 
eminence near it stands a castle, in w'hich Victor Amadeus 
II. of Sardinia, after having abdicated his throne in favour 
of his son, and endeavoured to resume it, died a state pri¬ 
soner, in 1732. The prospect from this, in particular the 
view of Turin, through the spacious alley of trees leading to 
that city, is almost unrivalled; 9 miles west of Turin. 
RIVOLI, a small place in the north-east of Lombardy, on 
the Adige ; 12 miles north-west of Verona. Near this town 
the Austrians were defeated by the French, in a battle fought 
on the 14th and 15th January 1797. This was one of the 
most remarkable of Buonaparte’s victories. At Arcole, in the 
preceding November, his bold combinations had been re¬ 
peatedly baffled; but here they had complete success, both 
on the field of battle, and in the pursuit. 
RIVOLO, a smalltown of Italy, in the duchy of Modena, 
province of Reggio. 
RIVOLO. See Rolo. 
RIUT, a Russian settlement on the west coast of America. 
Lat. 65. 25. N. long. 209.36. E. 
RIVULARIA, in botany, so called by Dr. Roth from 
its growing generally in rivulets, is a cryptogamic genus, 
separated, by that able botanist, from the Linnaean genera 
Ulva and Conferva ; which see. 
RI'VULET, s. [yivulus, Lat.] A small river; a brook; 
a streamlet. 
By fountain or by shady rivulet, 
He sought them. Milton. 
RIXA'TION, s. \rixatio , Lat.] A brawl; a quarrel. 
Coclceram. 
RIXDO'LLAR, 5. A German coin, worth about four 
shillings and six-pence sterling. 
RIXE, a small river of France, in the department of the 
Lower Pyrenees, which falls into the Adour. 
RIXTON, a township of England, in Lancashire; 5 
miles east-by-north of Warrington. Population 886. 
RIZEA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Asia, in that 
part of the Colchide, which lay to the left of the Phasis. 
Procopius says, that it was situated on the frontiers of the 
empire, and that it was very populous. 
RIZEH, a town of Asiatic Turkey, in the government of 
Trebisond, on the Black sea; 45 miles east-north-east of 
Trebisond. 
RIZIUM, in botany, a name given by the ancients to a 
particular kind of red root brought from Syria, and used by 
the Grecian women to paint their cheeks red. It is pro¬ 
bable, that the rizium was no other than the anchusa, or 
alkanet root, which grows very plentifully in the countries 
from whence the Greeks had their rizium, and which will 
answer all the purposes for which they used it. 
RIZZIO (David), born at Turin, but brought up in 
France, was a good musician, and sung agreeably. His 
father was a dancing-master. The count de Merezza took, 
him to Scotland when he went thither ambassador from 
Savoy. Rizzio charmed Mary Stewart by his talents, which 
were not confined to music, and there were rumours that 
she 
