S C H 
SCHREIGHT, s. A fish. Ainsworth. 
SCHREM, or Schrim, a small town of Prussian Poland, 
in an island formed by the river Wartha ; 20 miles south of 
Posen. Population 1500. 
SCHREVELIUS (Cornelius), a native of Holland, was 
one of the principal compilers of the notes to the Variorum 
editions of the classics, in the exercise of which task he is 
thought to have displayed more industry than taste or 
judgment. His name, however, is familiar to every student 
in the Greek language, by a lexicon in Greek and Latin, 
which has been frequently reprinted in almost every part of 
Europe. It is, however, very inferio,r to the work of Hederic, 
which is also very indifferent; a good Greek dictionary 
being a great desideratum at present. To many editions of 
Iris lexicon are added divers pieces, well calculated to aid the 
young in their classical studies : such as “ Breves Sententiae 
Grcecae,” with a Latin translation ; “ Tabellse Dialectorum ;” 
* Tractatus de resolutione Verborum,” &c. 
SCHRIESHEIM, a small town of the west of Germany, 
in Baden, at the foot of the Odenwald, and 6 miles north of 
Seidelberg. Population 2200. In 1766 the remains of 
some Roman baths were discovered in the neighbourhood. 
SCHRITTENHOFEN, Susce, or Sutchutz, a town 
in the south-west of Bohemia; 26 miles west south-west of 
Prachatitz, and 70 south-west of Prague. Population 2600. 
Eat. 49. 12. N. long. 13. 26. E. 
SCHROBENHAUSEN, a small fortified town of Bavaria, 
on the river Paar; 21 miles north-east of Augsburg. Popu¬ 
lation 1500. It stands in a plain, and is surrounded by a 
marsh. 
SCHRODE, a small river of Prussian Saxony, w'hich falls 
into the Elbe at Magdeburg. 
StHROECK, a village of the west of Germany, in Baden, 
near the Rhine. Near this the Austrian army passed that 
fiver in July 1744, when they marched to the invasion of 
Alsace ; 6 miles north-by-west of Carlsruhe. 
SCHROTZBERG, a small town in the west of Germany, 
In Wirtemberg; 15 miles south-east of Mergentheim. 
SCHTSCH1GRY, a small town in the interior of Euro¬ 
pean Russia, in the government of Kursk, on a small river 
of the same name. Population 1500; 284 miles south- 
south-west of Moscow. 
SCHUJA, or Schua, a small town of the interior of 
European Russia. It has 1500 inhabitants, and large soap 
manufactories; 68 miles north-east of Vladimir. Lat. 56. 
42. N. long. 40. 34. E. 
SCHUIT, in Commerce, a silver ingot, used as money in 
Japan. It weighs 4 oz. 18 dwts. 16 grs. English troy, and 
is 11 oz. fine, which gives its value 1/. 5s. 3d. sterling. 
SCHULTENS (Albert), an eminent orientalist, was born 
at Groningen, about the year 1680. He studied at Leyden, 
and afterwards at Utrecht, under the celebrated Reland. 
Upon his entering the ministry, he was chosen pastor of 
Wassenaar, from which place he removed to Franeker, as 
professor of the Oriental languages. After this he was in¬ 
vited to fill the same office at Leyden, which he held 
with high reputation till his death, in 1750. He was a man 
of profound learning, accurate taste, and great judgment. 
The most considerable of his works are as f ollow: “ A Com¬ 
mentary on the Book of Job,” in two vols. 4to.; “ A Com¬ 
mentary on Proverbs,” 4to.; <! Vetus et Regia Via Hebrai- 
zandi;” “ Origines Hebraicee “ AnimadversionesPhilolo¬ 
gies et critics ad varia Loca Vet. Test.“ Grammatica 
Hebraica.” He also translated from the Arabic, “ The Life 
of Saladin. 
SCHUMEG, or Somogyi-Varmegye, a palatinate in 
the south-west of Hungary, situated between the Balaton 
lake and the Drave. Its territorial extent is 2430 square 
miles; its population 170,000. The elevations being in¬ 
considerable, the surface is generally level, and in many 
places marshy, so that it is reckoned unhealthy for strangers. 
The inhabitants are of various races, Magyars, Slowacs, 
Croats, Rascians, Germans, and Jews. The county takes its 
name from the old castle ofSotnogy, or Schumeg, but the 
chief town is Kaposvar. 
Vol.XXIL No. 1540. 
S C H 789 
SCHUMLA, Schumna, or Ciumla, a large town in 
the north-east of European Turkey, on the great road lead¬ 
ing from Constantinople to Wallachia. It is situated in the 
province of Silistria, about 50 miles south of the Danube, 
which is here in the lower part of its course. Schumla is 
supposed to occupy the site of the ancient Marcianopolis. 
Though not in general well built, it contains several hand¬ 
some mosques and baths. It has also a castle; and being 
one of the chief towns between Adrianople and the Russian 
frontier, was used for the assemblage of troops, or for their 
winter quarters, during the wars with that power. The po¬ 
pulation in this, as in other Turkish towns, is unascertained 
by register, but said to amount to no less than 30,000. 
Their trade consists partly in the wine of the country, partly 
in the manufacture of hardware, and the supply of ready 
made clothes for Constantinople; a business carried on with 
great vigour, in consequence of German cloth being cheaper 
here than in the Turkish metropolis. Unfortunately, al¬ 
though the position of Schumla is rather elevated, its atmo¬ 
sphere, from the marshy nature of the neighbouring country, 
is unwholesome, and strangers cannot remain here even a 
few days, without being seized with intermittent fevers. 
The great natural features of this part of Turkey are the 
Danube and the long mountain range of Balkan, the ancient 
Haemus. They both extend from west to east, in a direction 
nearly parallel, at a distance of about 100 miles; and 
Schumla stands half way between them. It has on the east 
the Euxine at a distance of 70 miles; on the west the in¬ 
terior of Bulgaria; 227 miles north-north-west of Constanti¬ 
nople, and 75 south-east of Rustschuk. Lat. 43. 25. N. 
long. 26. 56. E. 
SCHUNTER, a small river of the north of Germany, 
which passes by Brunswick, and joins the Ocker; 7 miles 
below that town. 
SCHUPFEN, a large village of the Swiss canton of 
Lucerne, on the river Emme, and the chief place of the 
district called Entlibuch. Population 2800; 15 miles south¬ 
west of Lucerne. 
SCHURGSWALDA, a petty town of Saxony, in Upper 
Lusatia, on the Spree, with 900 inhabitants; 10 miles south 
of Bautzen. 
SCHURMAN (Anna-Maria), a very celebrated female, 
was born of a good family, at Cologne, in 1607. Her fa¬ 
ther removed with his family to Utrecht, being of the Pro¬ 
testant religion, and afterwards to Franeker, tor the educa¬ 
tion of his sons; but on his death, his widow returned to 
Utrecht, which place was from this time the chief residence 
of the subject of this article. From a very early age Anna- 
Maria manifested extraordinary talents for ingenious works 
and ornamental accomplishments. As soon as she could 
use a pair of scissors, she employed herself in cutting out all 
sorts of figures in paper, without a pattern. She then ac¬ 
quired the arts of drawing, painting, embroidery, sculpture, 
engraving, and music. She wrote a most beautiful hand, 
modelled in wax with great perfection, and drew portraits on 
glass with the diamond. She applied herself very success¬ 
fully to different branches of literature, and became a perfect 
mistress of the Latin, Greek, and Hebrew languages: she 
acquired a knowledge of several modern, as well as the 
ancient tongues. She was extremely well versed in astro¬ 
nomy, geography, and several of the other branches of ex¬ 
perimental philosophy. She made theology and the holy 
scriptures objects of her particular attention. “ AH this 
wonderful extent of knowledge did not render her in the 
least vain, or disqualify her for the usual occupations of her 
sex ; and her singular merit might have remained unknown 
to the world, had not Vossius, Spanheim, and other illus¬ 
trious men, almost forcibly dragged her from obscurity. Her 
reputation soon spread through Europe, and the most distin¬ 
guished literary characters became her correspondents.” The 
celebrated poet and pensionary Catz offered her his hand, but 
she preferred the freedom of a single life. She was visited 
by almost all the persons of rank and eminence who passed 
through Utrecht, and enjoyed the esteem of the illustrious 
Elizabeth, princess palatine. She first appeared as a writer' 
9 P in 
