376 
R 0 S 
raised under the influence of private pique and long cherished 
envy. It soon found an echo on the painted walls, where 
the conclave sat “ in close divan,” and it was bandied about 
from mouth to mouth till it reached the ears of the Inquisitor 
within the dark recesses of his house of terrors. The con¬ 
sequence was, our artist was obliged to fly from Rome, after 
waiting a little to see if the storm would blow over, and to 
seek an asylum in the court of the grand Duke of Tuscany, 
at Florence. Here he passed some of the happiest years of 
his life, flattered by princes, feasting with nobles, conversing 
with poets, receiving the suggestions of critics, painting land¬ 
scape or history as he liked best, composing and reciting his 
own verses, and making a fortune, which he flung away as 
soon as he had made it, with the characteristic improvidence 
of genius. 
But Rosa still lingered after Rome: he had formed a warm 
friendship for a rich merchant named Carlo Rossi, who had 
bought his pictures at high prices, and who afterwards honour¬ 
ed him with a monument. Such was his impatient desire to see 
this man and the rest of his friends, that after three years ab¬ 
sence he risked his life for the interview; he took post horses 
and set off for Rome at midnight. Having arrived at an 
inn in the suburbs, he dispatched messages to eighteen of his 
friends, who all came, thinking he had got into some new 
scrape; breakfasted with them and returned to Florence, 
before his Roman persecutors or his Tuscan friends were 
aware of the adventure. 
Salvator, however, was discontented even with his splendid 
lot at Florence, and sought to embower himself in entire 
seclusion, and in deeper bliss, in the palace of the Counts 
Mafiei, at Volterra, and in the solitudes in its neighbourhood. 
Here he wandered night and morn, drinking in that slow 
poison of reflection which his soul loved best, planning his 
Catiline Conspiracy —preparing his Satires for the press, 
and weeding out their Neapolitanisms, in which he was 
assisted by the fine taste and quick tact of his friend Redi. 
This appears to have been the only part of his life to which 
he looked back with pleasure or regret. He however left 
this enviable retreat soon alter, to return to Rome, partly for 
family reasons, and partly, no doubt, because the deepest 
Jove of solitude and privacy does not wean the mind that has 
once felt the feverish appetite, from the desire of popularity 
and distinction. Here then he planted himself on the Monte 
Pincio, in a house situated between those of Claude Lorraine 
and Nicholas Poussin, and used to walk out of an evening 
on the fine promenade near if, at the head of a group of gay 
cavaliers, musicians, and aspiring artists; wdiile Nicholas 
Poussin, the very genius of antiquity personified, and now 
bent down vyith age, led another band of reverential disciples, 
side by side, with some learned virtuoso or pious churchman- 
meantime, commissions poured in upon Salvator, and he 
,painted successively his Jonas, for the King of Denmark— 
his battle piece for Louis 14th, still in the Museum at Paris— 
and lastly, to his infinite delight, an altar piece for one of 
.the churches in Rome. Salvator about this time, seemed to 
have imbibed some idea of making the best use of his time 
and talents. 
The height of Salvator’s ambition was gratified by his 
receiving a commission to paint an altar-piece. This 
was his Martyrdom of St. Damian and St. Cosmus. He be¬ 
stowed on this composition such extraordinary labour, that 
when he had nearly finished it he was obliged to go to bed, 
and in the course of its progress he neglected the calls of hunger 
to an amazing degree; his health became gradually impaired, 
and though he painted, during the ; intervals of his sickness, 
several fine paintings, he soon sank and died at the age of 
58. He is one of the many instances in which men of 
genius, nearly approaching to the highest, led a miserable, 
discontented, cynical life. He was continually making enemies 
by his satirical attacks, while his overweening vanity ad¬ 
mitted no retaliation. He was persecuted, thought himself 
neglected, and held in the profoundest contempt all who 
were not admirers of his favourite historic pictures. 
ROSA, MOUNT, a mountain of the Alps, which, next to 
Mont Blanc, is the highest in Europe. It stands in Switzer- 
R O S 
land, between the canton of the Valais and Piedmont, to fhe> 
east of Mont Cervin. Different measurements of this very 
lofty mountain have been published ; Saussure, who visited it 
in 1789, calculated it to be 15,600 feet above the sea, or only 
70 feet lower than Mont Blanc ; but Sir George Shuckburgh 
calls it 15,240 feet above the Mediterranean, or about 180 
feet lower than he made Mont Blanc. Its shape is remarkable, 
as it consists of a number of lofty peaks, all rising from a cen¬ 
tre somewhat like the leaves of a rose, from which it derives 
its name. See Baron Wilden’s Work, Der Monte Rosa, 
and Brewster’s Journal of Science, vols. i. and ii. 
ROSA, a missionary settlement of the Jesuits, in Para¬ 
guay, situate on a small branch of the Paraguay, lat. 25. 22. 
S., long. 57. 3. W. It is the name of numerous other incon¬ 
siderable settlements, scattered through South America. 
ROSA, a cape of the island of St. Domingo, east-north-east 
half-east of Cape Dame Marie, the west point of the island. 
ROSA, Santa, an Indian settlement of Paraguay, on the 
confines of Lake Iberi. Lat. 26. 53. S., long. 56. 54. W. 
ROSACCIO, a small town of the Austrian empire, in 
Friuli, near Aquileia. 
ROSACE/E, the 92d natural order in Jussieu’s system; 
the 10th of his 14th class. The characters of this large and 
important order, named from the rose, and rose-like flowers 
which compose it, are the following. 
Calyx either superior, and tubular; or inferior, pitcher or 
wheel-shaped ; its limbs mostly divided, and generally per¬ 
manent. Petals definite, usually five, inserted into the upper 
part of the calyx and alternate with its divisions ; sometimes 
wanting. Stamens indefinite, rarely definite, inserted into the 
same part below the petals ; anthers often roundish. Ger- 
men in some cases simple, inferior, the styles and stigmas 
mostly numerous; in others superior, simple with one style, 
or manifold with many styles; the styles in every instance 
lateral, or proceeding from the side of each germen. Struc¬ 
ture of the fruit various; in some an inferior apple, of many 
cells, or a sort of cup or urn, apparently inferior, bearing 
many seeds, over which it closes; in others the seeds, or seed- 
vessels, each of one cell, and mostly single seeded, indefinite 
or definite, are superior, standing on a common receptacle ; 
in others, again, there is either a solitary superior capsule of 
one cell, or a superior nut, vdth one or two seeds, which is 
either naked, or invested with a drupaceous coat. The scar 
of each seed is lateral, just below the summit, connected by 
a thread, or umbilical cord, with the lower part of the seed- 
vessel. Corculum straight, w’ithout an albumen. Stem her¬ 
baceous, shrubby, or arboreous. Leaves either simple or 
compound, alternate, accompanied by stipulas. 
ROSACEOUS Corolla, is one which consists of several 
petals ranged in a circle ; so that, according to Tournefort’s 
acceptation of the word, it includes not only the natural or¬ 
der of Rosace.® (see that article), and other flowers agree¬ 
ing therewith in having mostly five petals, as ranunculus; 
but even such as have only two, like circaea. The author is 
obliged to exclude the cruciform and umbelliferous plants 
from this order by a particular and arbitrary exception ; for 
according to his primary idea, it would admit every polype- 
talous regular flower, as well as some that are irregular, as 
cassia, &c. 
ROSACLORUM, or, according to some authors, Rosi- 
chiero, a fine red used to enamel on gold with. It is pre¬ 
pared in this manner : take ten pounds of crystal-glass, put it 
into a pot, and when it is well melted, add to it, at twice, a 
pound of the best red-lead; stir the mass well together, and 
afterwards cast it into water. Repeat this process three times, 
then when the matter is again in fusion, mix with it five 
ounces of calcined brass, and the same quantity of the deepest 
cinnabar; stir the whole well together, and let it settle three 
hours; then add of glass of tin three ounces, mix the whole, 
and it will be of a fine rose-colour. Merret's Notes on 
Neri. 
ROSADE, a kind of liquor, prepared of pounded almonds 
and milk, mixed with clarified sugar. 
ROSAIE, a village of Farsistan, in Persia. 
ROSALBA (Camera), was of Chiozza, and carried 
crayon 
