ROT 
ROTHEWISCH, a large village of Germany, in Saxony, 
a few miles from Plauen. It contains about 2000 inhabitants, 
and has large brass and wire works. 
ROTHIA, [so named in honour of Dr. Albert William 
Roth, a physician of the duchy of Bremen,] in Botany, a 
genus of the class syngenesia, order polygamia-aequalis, natu¬ 
ral order compositse semiflosculosas, cichoraceae (Juss .)— 
Generic Character. Common calyx rounded, finely villous; 
of about seven equal, linear, acute scales. Corolla com¬ 
pound, imbricated, uniform, of numerous equal florets, all 
perfect, whose partial corolla is of one petal, ligulate, linear, 
abrupt, with five teeth. Stamina : filaments in each floret, 
five, capillary, very short; anthers united into a cylindrical 
tube. Pistils: gerrnen in each floret ovate; style thread¬ 
shaped, the length of the stamens ; stigmas two, reflexed. 
Pericarp: none; the calyx closing over the seeds, which 
are solitary in each floret: those of the disk cylindrical, 
somewhat turbinate, striated, with sessile capillary down, 
feathery in its lower part; those of the radius cylindrical, 
striated, enveloped in scales of the receptacle, but destitute of. 
down. Receptacle flat, hairy in the disk, chaffy at the radius, 
the chaffy scales in several rows, linear, channelled, erect, 
rather acute, tubular at the base, the outermost equal in 
length to the calyx, the inner ones gradually shorter.— 
Essential Character. Receptacle hairy, chaffy in the cir¬ 
cumference. Calyx of many equal scales. Seed-down hairy, 
sessile in the disk; none in the radius.—This genus, as every 
body observes, is very near Andryala, and ought not to be 
separated from it. 
1. Rothia andrialoides, or andryaline Rothia.—Native of 
Spain. Root annual, branched, somewhat woody. Stem 
twelve or eighteen inches high, erect, brown, downy; its 
branches alternate, widely spreading. Leaves alternate, dis¬ 
tant, recurved, rather wavy, downy, and hoary. Flower- 
stalks axillary and terminal, solitary, nearly twice as long as 
the leaves, naked, erect, single-flowered, extremely downy. 
Bractea solitary under each flower, lanceolate, very downy, 
scarcely longer than the calyx, which is also downy and 
whitish; contracted and globose before the flower opens, 
but afterwards lax, consisting of from five to seven scales. 
Corolla yellow; the florets of the circumference purplish at 
the back. The outer row of scales of the receptacle is exactly 
like the calyx; the rest gradually smaller, downy on the out¬ 
side. The flowers are open before noon only. The whole 
herb has straight, prominent, capitate hairs, intermixed with 
its downy pubescence. 
2. Rothia cheiranthifolia, or stock-leaved Rothia.—Native 
of Spain and the south of France, flowering there in May. 
It is marked in Hort. Kew. as a hardy annual, flowering in 
July and August. Herb milky, clothed with dense, white, 
woolly down, intermixed in the upper part with copious, 
prominent, capitate, tawny hairs, giving it a reddish hue, 
especially when old. Stem twelve or eighteen inches high ; 
branched above, at first corymbose, then racemose. Leaves 
sessile, alternate, rather distant, obtuse; the lower ones about 
a finger’s length, with short, triangular, distant teeth, and 
intermediate sinuses; the uppermost gradually smaller and 
entire. Flower-stalks naked, or with here and there a linear 
bractea. Calyx of from three to five scales. Outer scales of 
the receptacle like the calyx in structure, but rather longer, 
very downy at the back; inner ones shorter, smooth, and 
more membranous. Corolla of a golden yellow in every 
part. 
3. Rothia runcinata, or hoary Rothia. — Native of the 
south of Europe. Biennial, twice as large as the foregoing, 
and varying much in luxuriance. The lower leaves are 
stalked. Whole herb clothed with fine, dense, velvet-like 
pubescence, very thick and woolly about the calyx, which is 
moreover beset with long golden hairs. 
ROTHIEMAY, a parish of Scotland, in Banffshire, about 
8 miles long, and from 5 to 6 broad, watered by the Deveron 
which runs through it. Towards the eastern extremity the 
surface is agreeably diversified with woods and corn-fields ; 
but towards the north, the appearance is more barren and 
Vol. XXII. No. 1510. 
ROT 397 
hilly. The celebrated astronomer, James Ferguson, was a 
native of this parish. Population 1067. 
ROTHIEMURCUS, a parish of Scotland in Inverness- 
shire, united to the parish of Duthil, in Morayshire. 
ROTHLEY, a parish of England, county of Leicester, 
mile south-by-east from Mount Sorrell. Population 857. 
ROTHLEY, a hamlet of England, in Northumberland; 
11 miles west-north-west of Morpeth. 
ROTHMELL, a village of England, West Riding of 
Yorkshire, near Settle. 
ROTHSCHEN-SALM, a sea-port of Finland, on the 
gulf of Finland, at the mouth of the Kymmene ; 11 miles 
west-south-west of Fredericksham. It has a spacious harbour 
formed by several islands, capable of containing the whole 
fleet of Russian galleys in those seas, and 40 ships of the line. 
It is defended by two forts erected in 1791. On the island 
of Rotka is the small town of llothschen-salm, with an hos¬ 
pital, a court of admiralty, and dock-yards. Lat. 60.27.57 N. 
long. 27. 1. 55. E. 
ROTHTHAL-MUNSTER, a small town of Germany, in 
lower Bavaria, near Griesbach, with 800 inhabitants. 
ROTHWASSER, or Czerwenawoda, a small town of 
the Austrian states, in Moravia, circle of Prerau, with 2200 
inhabitants. 
ROTHWELL, Upper, a large village of the west of 
Germany, in Baden; 13 miles north-west of Freiburg. Po¬ 
pulation 1100. 
ROTHWELL, a parish of England, in Lincolnshire ; 3 
miles south-east of Caistor. 
ROTHWELL, called also Rowell, a town and parish 
in the hundred of Rothwell, and county of Northampton, 
England, is situated 4 miles north-west-by-west from the 
town of Kettering, and 78 miles north-west-by-north from 
London. This place is said to derive its name from two 
remarkable springs in the vicinity, the water of one of which 
is of a petrifying quality, and in the other are frequently 
found numerous small bones, conjectured to be those of frogs. 
Here was a small priory of Augustine nuns, dedicated to St. 
John Baptist, and which was probably founded by the Clare 
family, whose successors in the manor appear, upon record, 
as its patrons. Rothwell was formerly a considerable market- 
town, but the market has been long discontinued. The mar¬ 
ket house is worthy of attention, from the style of the build¬ 
ing. It was begun by Sir Thomas Tresham, but never com¬ 
pleted, owing to his death, which happened in the third year 
of James I. His son and successor, Francis Tresham, was 
the instrument of the discovery of the gunpowder-plot, by 
sending a letter to Lord Monteagle, who had married Mr, 
Tresham’s sister, and thus led to the detection of the conspi¬ 
racy. 
In the church are several monumental memorials of the 
Tresham family, and others for different persons. Rothwell 
has an annual fair, held on Trinity-Monday. According to 
the returns to parliament in 1811, the parish contained 330 
houses, and 1451 inhabitants. In the hundred of Rothwell, 
at Great Oxendon, is a remarkable echo in the belfry of the 
church-tower: to a person standing at the distance of 673 
feet, on the western part of the elevated ground on which the 
church is built, this echo returns distinctly thirteen syllables. 
An echo, but not to an equal extent, is obtainable from 
the top of an adjacent hill to the south; but scarcely any 
exist on the eastern or northern sides of the tower. But it is 
said, that the effect has lately been considerably diminished, 
by alterations which have been made in the belfry windows. 
Braybrooke church, between Oxendon and Rothwell, ex¬ 
hibits a very curious and highly decorated monument, 
erected for Sir Nicholas Griffin, Knight, who died in 1509. 
It displays an assemblage of pedestals, shields, crests, and 
other ornaments, very characteristic of the age of queen Eli¬ 
zabeth. 
Kelmarsh-hall, on theone side of Rothwell, and Rush-ton- 
hall, on the other, are noble family mansions; and the latter 
in particular is very beautifully situated. 
Robert Talbot, one of our early English antiquaries, who 
51 flourished 
