R O U 
somewhat surprizing, because his purgatives are generally 
rough' and strong. Arbuthnot. — Harsh to the mind; 
severe.—Kind words prevent a good deal of that perverse¬ 
ness which rough and imperious usage often produces in 
generous minds. Locke. —Hard-featured ; not delicate. 
A ropy chain of rheums, a visage rough, 
Deform’d, unfeatur’d, and a skin of buff. Dry den. 
Not polished; not finished by art: as a rough diamond. 
—Terrible; dreadful. 
Before the cloudy van, 
On the rough edge of battle, ere it join’d, 
Satan advanc’d. Milton. 
Rugged ; disordered in appearance; coarse. 
Rough from the tossing surge Ulysses moves. 
Urg'd on by want, and recent from the storms. 
The brackish ooze his manly grace deforms. Pope. 
Tempestuous; stormy; boisterous. 
Come what come may. 
Time and the hour run through the roughest day. 
Shakspeare. 
Hairy ; covered with hair or feathers. 
ROUGH, s. Boisterous weather. Obsolete. 
Thrice happy swains!— 
In calms, you fish; in roughs, use songs and dances. 
P. Fletcher. 
ROUGH CREEK, a river of Kentucky, which runs into 
Green river. Lat. 37. 12. N. long. 87. 35. W. 
ROUGH SKELLY, a cape on the east coast of Scotland. 
Lat. 56. 36. N. long. 2. 28. W. 
ROUGHAM, a parish of England, in Suffolk; 4 miles 
east-south-east from Bury St. Edmond’s. Population 626. 
ROUGHAM, a village of England, in Norfolk ; 7 miles 
north by-east of Swaffham. 
To ROU'GHCAST, v. a. To mould without nicety or 
elegance; to form with asperities and inequalities. 
Nor bodily, nor ghostly negro could 
Roughcast thy figure in a sadder mould. Cleaveland. 
To form any thing in its first rudiments.—In merriment 
they were first practised, and this roughcast unhewn poetry 
was instead of stage-plays for one hundred and twenty years. 
Dry den. 
ROU'GHCAST, s. A rude model; a form in its rudi¬ 
ments.—The whole piece seems rather a loose model and 
roughcast of what I design to do, than a complete work. 
Digby. —A kind of plaister mixed with pebbles, or by some 
other cause very uneven on the surface.—Some man must 
present a wall; and let him have some plaster, lome, or 
roughcast about him to signify a wall. Shakspeare. 
ROU'GHDRAFT, s. A draught in its rudiments; a 
sketch. 
My elder brothers came 
Roughdraughts of nature, ill design’d and lame, 
Blown off, like blossoms, never made to bear ; 
’Till I came finish’d, her last labour’d care. Dry den. 
To ROU'GHDRAW, v. a. To trace coarsely. 
His victories we scarce could keep in view. 
Or polish ’em so fast, as he roughdrew. Dryden. 
To ROU'GHEN, v. a. To make rough.—Such difference 
there is in tongues, that the same figure which roughens 
one, gives majesty to another; and that was it which Virgil 
studied in his verses. Dryden. 
To ROU'GHEN, v. n. To grow rough. 
The broken landscape 
Ascending roughens into rigid hills. Thomson. 
To ROU'GHHEW, v. a. Those who lop the branches 
and knots from trees that have been felled, commonly call 
their work roughhewing. To give any thing the first ap¬ 
pearance of form. 
There’s a divinity that shapes our ends, 
Roughhew them how we will. Shakspeare. 
R 0 V 403 
ROU'GHHEWN, particip. adj. Rugged; unpolished; 
uncivil; unrefined.—A roughhewn seaman being brought 
before a justice for some misdemeanour, was by him ordered 
away to prison; and would not stir ; saying, it was better to 
stand where he was, than go to a worse place. Bacon. —Not yet 
nicely finished.—I hope to obtain a candid construction of 
this roughhewn ill-timber’d discourse. Howell. 
ROUGHLEEBOOTH, a parish of England, in Lanca¬ 
shire ; 3 miles west-by-north of Colne. Population 795. 
ROU'GHLY, adv. With uneven surface; with asperi¬ 
ties on the surface. Harshly ; uncivilly ; rudely. 
Rebuk’d, and roughly sent to prison, 
Th’ immediate heir of England ! was this easy ? Shakspeare. 
Severely; without tenderness. 
Some friends of vice pretend, 
That I the tricks of youth too roughly blame. Dryden. 
Austerely to the taste.—Boisterously; tempestuously._ 
Harshly to the ear. 
ROU'GHNESS, s. Superficial asperity; unevenness of 
surface.—Such a persuasion as this well-fixed, will smooth 
all the roughness of the way that leads to happiness, and 
render all the conflicts with our lusts pleasing. Atterbury. 
—Austereness to the taste.—Divers plants contain a grateful 
sharpness, as lemons ; or an austere and inconcocted rough¬ 
ness, as sloes. Brown. —Taste of astringency.—A tobacco- 
pipe broke in my mouth, and the spitting out the pieces left 
such a delicious roughness on my tongue, that I champed 
up the remaining part. Spectator. — Harshness to the ear. 
—The Swedes, Danes, Germans and Dutcli attain to the 
pronunciation of our words with ease, because our syllables 
resemble theirs in roughness and frequency of consonants. 
Swift. — Ruggedness of temper; coarseness of manners; 
tendency to rudeness; coarseness of behaviour and address._ 
Roughiiess is a needless cause of discontent; severity breed- 
eth fear; but roughness breedeth hate : even reproofs from 
authority ought to be grave and not taunting. Bacon .—Ab¬ 
sence of delicacy.—Should feasting and balls once get 
amongst the cantons, their military roughness would be 
quickly lost, their tempers would grow too soft for their 
climate. Addison .—Severity; violence of discipline.—Vio¬ 
lence of operation in medicines.—Unpolished or unfinished 
state.—Inelegance of dress or appearance. — Tempestuous¬ 
ness ; storminess.—Coarseness of features. 
ROU'GH-FOOTED, adj. Feather-footed: as “a rough- 
footed dove.” Sherwood. 
ROUGH-RIDER, s. A person attached to every cavalry 
regiment. He is a sort of non-commissioned officer, whose 
employment consists in breaking horses, so as to adapt them 
to military purposes. 
ROU'GH-SHOD, adj. Having the foot fitted, when the 
roads in frosty weather are slippery, with a roughened shoe : 
used of horses. 
ROU'GHINGS, s. pi. Grass after mowing or reaping. 
ROUGHT, old pret. of reach, [commonly written by 
Spenser raught.'] Reached. 
The moon was a month old, when Adam was no more, 
And rought not to five weeks, when he came to five score. 
Shakspeare. 
ROUGHTON, a parish of England, in Lincolnshire; 4 
miles south-south-east of Horncastle. 
ROUGHTON, a parish of England, in Norfolk ; 4 miles 
south of Cromer. 
To ROU'GHWORK, v. a. To work coarsely over 
without the least nicety.—Thus you must continue, till you 
have roughwrought all your work from end to end. Moxon. 
ROUGHY, a river of Ireland, which runs into the Ken- 
mare ; 2 miles north-west of Kenmare. 
ROVIGNO, a considerable town of Austrian Illyria, on 
the coast of Istria. It is built on a rock, which projects into 
the sea, and forms two good harbours. The one at the 
town itself is not considered as secure, and is resorted to 
chiefly by boats and barges, while large vessels discharge at 
Figarola, 
